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Characterization of Endophytic microorganisms of Rice(Oryza sativa L.)Potentials for Blast Disease Biocontrol and Plant Growth Promoting Agents

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第11期92卷 3021-3041页

作者： Shugufta Parveen Fayaz A.mohiddin m.Ashraf Bhat Zahoor Ahmed Baba Fehim Jeelani m.anwar Bhat Sajad Un Nabi Burhan Hamid Saba Bandey Farhanaz Rasool Zakir Amin Ibrahim Al-Ashkar muhammad Adnan Ayman El Sabagh Division of Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirWaduraIndia mountain Research Centre for Field Crops SKUAST-KashmirKhudwaniIndia Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding Faculty of AgricultureSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirWaduraIndia Division of microbiology Faculty of AgricultureSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirWaduraIndia Division of Statistics Faculty of AgricultureSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirWaduraIndia Division of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirWaduraIndia Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central institute of Temperate Horticulture(ICAR-CITH) Old AirportRangrethSrinagarIndia Division of Plant Pathology Faculty of HorticultureSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirShalimarIndia Directorate of Extension Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirShalimarIndia Department of Plant Production College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia College of Food Agricultural and Environmental SciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of KafrelsheikhKafrelsheikhEgypt

One hundred twenty-five endophytic microorganisms were isolated from the roots,stems,and leaves of four prominent rice cultivars growing in temperate *** potential to combat rice blast disease and promote plant growth was *** dual culture tests highlighted the strong antagonistic activity of five fungal(ranging from 89%–70%)and five bacterial(72%–61%)*** examination focused on volatile compounds produced by selected isolates to counter the blast *** these,the highest chitinase(13.76μg mL−1)and siderophore(56.64%),was exhibited by Aspergillus flavus,and the highest HCN production was shown by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia(36.15μm mL−1).In terms of growth promotion traits,Aspergillus flavus and Enterobacter cloacae excelled in activities viz,phosphorous solubilization,ammonia production,auxin and gibberellic acid production,and nitrogen *** Identity of these endophytes was confirmed through molecular analysis as Trichoderma afroharzianum,Trichoderma harzianum,Penicillium rubens,Aspergillus flavus,Stenotrophomonas rhizophila,Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,Bacillus cereus,Enterobacter cloacae,and Bacillus *** greenhouse conditions,the highest disease control was shown by isolate Bacillus licheniformis and *** with an inhibition of 79%,followed by ***(77%)and ***(73%).The overall results of this study showed that Bacillus licheniformis and Stenotrophomonas rhizophila have great potential to be used as bio-stimulant and biocontrol agents to manage rice blast disease.

关键词： Endophytes phylogeny antagonistic activity Pyricularia phytohormones

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Quantitative analysis of saindha salt using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy and cross-validation with ICP-mS

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Plasma Science and Technology 2020年第7期22卷 51-58页

作者： m QASIm m.anwar-UL-HAQ m SHER AFGAN S U HAQ m A BAIG Department of Physics University of SargodhaSargodha 40100Pakistan Department of Energy&Power Engineering Tsinghua-BP Clean Energy CenterTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China National Institute of Lasers and Optronics(NILOP) NiloreIslamabad 45650Pakistan National Center for Physics Quaid-i-Azam University CampusIslamabad 45320Pakistan

Saindha salt is considered to be more advantageous than the other edible salts for the patients suffering from diabetes,blood pressure and kidney *** explore the constituent elements of this salt,laser induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) has been exploited for its qualitative and quantitative *** third harmonic(355 nm) of a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser has been used to produce the saindha salt plasma and the time integrated optical emission spectra were registered using a set of six miniature spectrometers covering the spectral range of 230-805 *** spectroscopic analysis of the emission spectra predominately revealed numerous neutral or singly ionized emission lines of Ca,mg,Na,K,Fe,Sr,Si,Li and *** laser produced plasma was characterized by calculating the electron temperature from the Boltzmann plots and the electron number density from the Stark broadened line profile as a function of laser irradiance and distance from the target *** relative concentration of the constituent elements was extracted by the integrated line intensities of the strongest spectral line of each element using the self-calibration-LIBS(SC-LIBS) and one-line calibration free-LIBS(OLCF-LIBS) *** cross-validation,the LIBS results have been compared with that obtained from the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy(ICP-mS) showing good agreement.

关键词： elemental analysis CF-LIBS plasma parameters

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Development of thermochromic strips as a water pasteurization indicator

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第6期15卷 863-864页

作者： Ishtiaq A. Qazi m. Ali Awan m. anwar Baig Pakistan Council of Renewable Energy Technologies(PCRET) Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering(IESE) National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST)Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering(IESE) National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) Islamabad PakistanRawalpindi PakistanRawalpindi Pakistan

Boiling of water, for purification, commonly practiced in the world, has many problems associated with it like danger of scalding, scaling in the vessels, removal of useful minerals and blandness of taste etc. Water can be made safe for drinking simply by heating at 65℃ for 6 minutes. A colour indicating strip was developed which changes colour from red to purple at 67℃. Use of this strip can help in pasteurizing water without the above problems and with considerable energy saving.

关键词： thermochromic strips pasteurization indicator Pakistan

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Biomass carbon stocks and their changes in northern China's grasslands during 1982-2006

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第7期53卷 841-850页

作者： anwar mOHAmmAT Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences

Grassland covers approximately one-third of the area of China and plays an important role in the global terrestrial carbon(C) ***,little is known about biomass C stocks and dynamics in these *** 2001-2005,we conducted five consecutive field sampling campaigns to investigate above-and below-ground biomass for northern China's *** measurements obtained from 341 sampling sites,together with a NDVI(normalized difference vegetation index) time series dataset over 1982-2006,we examined changes in biomass C stock during the past 25 *** results showed that biomass C stock in northern China's grasslands was estimated at 557.5 Tg C(1 Tg=1012 g),with a mean density of 39.5 g C m-2 for above-ground biomass and 244.6 g C m-2 for below-ground *** increasing rate of 0.2 Tg C yr-1 has been observed over the past 25 years,but grassland biomass has not experienced a significant change since the late *** rainfall(January-July) was the dominant factor driving temporal dynamics in biomass C stock;however,the responses of grassland biomass to climate variables differed among various grassland *** in arid grasslands(i.e.,desert steppe and typical steppe) was significantly associated with precipitation,while biomass in humid grasslands(i.e.,alpine meadow) was positively correlated with mean January-July *** results suggest that different grassland ecosystems in China may show diverse responses to future climate changes.

关键词： above-ground biomass alpine grasslands below-ground biomass carbon stock NDVI temperate grasslands

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Dielectric Behavior of modified Cellulose

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 1999年第2期15卷 164-168页

作者： El-Henawii, S.A. Saad, S.m. El-anwar, I.m. Faculty of Science Helwan University Egypt Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Al-Azhar University Egypt Physical Chemistry Unit of the N.R.C Egypt

The dielectric constants and the dielectric loss, as well as the activation energy of dielectric relaxation of silylated cellulose were measured within the frequency range 10**5 to 10**7 Hz and the temperature range from 10 to 50 degree C. The test samples were activated cellulose with ethylene diamine, with sodium hydroxide and inactivated cellulose before and after silylation. The measurements were carried out using a multi-deka-meter. Cellulose molecules are more activated by treatment with ethylene diamine than with sodium hydroxide. Generally, silylation causes a marked decrease of the dielectric constant and dielectric loss, meanwhile the silylated samples are affected with the pretreatment of linters with sodium hydroxide and ethylene diamine. (Edited author abstract) 28 Refs.

关键词： Cellulose

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Ecosystem carbon stocks and their changes in China's grasslands

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第7期53卷 757-765页

作者： anwar mOHAmmAT Department of Ecology Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationCollege of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking University

The knowledge of carbon(C) stock and its dynamics is crucial for understanding the role of grassland ecosystems in China's terrestrial C *** date,a comprehensive assessment on C balance in China's grasslands is still *** reviewing published literature,this study aims to evaluate ecosystem C stocks(both vegetation biomass and soil organic C) and their changes in China's *** results are summarized as follows:(1) biomass C density(C stock per area) of China's grasslands differed greatly among previous studies,ranging from 215.8 to 348.1 g C m-2 with an average of 300.2 g C ***,soil C density also varied greatly between 8.5 and 15.1 kg C *** total,ecosystem C stock in China's grasslands was estimated at 29.1 Pg C.(2) Both the magnitude and direction of ecosystem C changes in China's grasslands differed greatly among previous *** to recent reports,neither biomass nor soil C stock in China's grasslands showed a significant change during the past 20 years,indicating that grassland ecosystems are C neutral.(3) Spatial patterns and temporal dynamics of grassland biomass were closely correlated with precipitation,while changes in soil C stocks exhibited close associations with soil moisture and soil *** activities,such as livestock grazing and fencing could also affect ecosystem C dynamics in China's grasslands.

关键词： alpine grasslands biomass carbon sink climate change soil organic carbon soil texture temperate grasslands

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The impact of germanium in strained Si/relaxed Si_(1-x)Ge_x on carrier performance in non-degenerate and degenerate regimes

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Journal of Semiconductors 2013年第6期34卷 1-4页

作者： EngSiew Kang S anwar m T Ahmadi Razali Ismail Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81300 SkudaiJohor Malaysia Pennsylvania State University Altoona CollegePennsylvania16601USA

The impact of the fraction of germanium on the carrier performance of two-dimensional strained silicon, which embraces both the non-degenerate and degenerate regimes,is *** this model,the Fermi integral of order zero is *** impact of the fraction of germanium on the relaxed Si_（1-x）Ge_x substrate（x）,carrier concentration and temperature is *** is revealed that the effect of x on the hole concentration is dominant for a normalized Fermi energy of more than three,or in other words the non-degenerate *** the contrary, the x gradient has less influence in the degenerate ***,by increasing x there is an increase in the intrinsic velocity,particularly with high carrier concentration and temperature.

关键词： germanium intrinsic velocity SiGe hole concentration two dimensional

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Structural and magnetic Studies of Zn_(0.95)Co_(0.05)O and Zn_(0.90)Co_(0.05)Al_(0.05)O

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第11期28卷 178-181页

作者： murtaza Saleem Saadat A.Siddiqi Shahid Atiq m.Sabieh anwar Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics University of the PunjabQuaid-e-Azam CampusLahore-54590Pakistan Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical materials(IRCBm) COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyDefence RoadOff Raiwind RoadLahorePakistan School of Science and Engineering(SSE) Lahore University of Management Sciences(LUMS)Opposite Sector UD.H.A.Lahore-54792Pakistan

Single-phase Zn_(0.95)Co_(0.05)O and Zn_(0.90)Co_(0.05)Al_(0.05)O samples were prepared by a novel combustion *** diffraction studies exhibit the pure phase wurtzite structure of doped *** dispersive x-ray analysis confirms the incorporation of dopants into the host *** electron microscopy shows the ordered morphology in both of the ***-dependent resistivity analysis describes the expected semiconducting behavior that is similar to the parent ZnO ***-temperature magnetic measurements reveal the absence of ferromagnetism in Co-doped ZnO,while the Co and Al co-doped sample displays apparent room-temperature ferromagnetic *** decrease of resistivity and presence of ferromagnetic behavior in Al-doped ZnCoO system corroborate the significant role of free carriers.

关键词： resistivity ferromagnetic behavior

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morphology and ontogeny of directly differentiating shoot buds and somatic embryos in Santalum album L.

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第4期30卷 1179-1189页

作者： Rakhshanda Akhtar anwar Shahzad Plant Biotechnology Section Department of BotanyAligarh Muslim University

Santalum album *** a commercially important tree that yields essential oil of high medicinal *** research through organogenesis and embryogenesis has been documented but no report depicts comparative ontogeny of directly differentiating shoot buds(SB)and somatic embryos(SE).In the present study aseptic seedling derived hypocotyl segments(HC)and hypocotyl+root junction(HC+R)were used to induce SBs and SEs,*** differences between the structures were confirmed using scanning electron microscopy and histological *** medium containing 6-benzyladenine or BA(2.5μm)produced highest number of direct SB,while mS+BA(7.5μm)proved suitable for higher frequency of SE *** differentiating structures attained growth when transferred to mS medium containing a combination of BA and anaphthalene acetic acid or silver nitrate(AgNO3).A combination of indole-3-butyric acid and silver nitrate(AgNO3)in half-strength woody plant medium and lesser osmotic concentration(2%sucrose),induced rhizogenesis.

关键词： Direct somatic embryos Emblings Histology Hypocotyl Ontogenic

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Dual solutions of time-dependent magnetohydrodynamic stagnation point boundary layer micropolar nanofluid flow over shrinking/stretching surface

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2021年第7期42卷 1013-1028页

作者： H.B.LANJWANI m.S.CHANDIO m.I.anwar S.A.SHEHZAD m.IZADI Department of mathematics University of SindhJamshoro 76080Pakistan Department of mathematics Engineering University SargodhaSargodha 40100Pakistan Department of mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadSahiwal 57000Pakistan Department of mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringLorestan UniversityKhorramabad 68151-44316Iran

Time-dependent,two-dimensional(2 D)magnetohydrodynamic(mHD)micropolar nanomaterial flow over a shrinking/stretching surface near the stagnant point is *** and heat transfer characteristics are incorporated in the problem.A model of the partial differential expressions is altered into the forms of the ordinary differential equations via similarity *** obtained equations are numerically solved by a shooting scheme in the mAPLE *** solutions are observed at different values of the specified physical *** stability of first and second solutions is examined through the stability analysis *** analysis interprets that the first solution is stabilized and physically feasible while the second one is un-stable and not ***,the natures of various physical factors on the drag force,skin-friction factor,and rate of mass and heat transfer are determined and *** micropolar nanofluid velocity declines with a rise in the suction and magnetic parameters,whereas it increases by increasing the unsteadiness *** temperature of the micropolar nanofluid rises with increase in the Brownian motion,radiation,thermophoresis,unsteady and magnetic parameters,but it decreases against an increment in the thermal slip constraint and Prandtl *** concentration of nanoparticles reduces against the augmented Schmidt number and Brownian movement values but rises for incremented thermophoresis parameter values.

关键词： dual solution stability analysis micropolar nanofluid magnetic field stretching/shrinking surface

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