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ahospholipase Applications in Cheese Production

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2017年第6期7卷 312-315页

作者： Leyla Eren Karahan m. serdar akin Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Department of Food Engineering The University of Batman Batman 72100 Turkey Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Department of Food Engineering The University of Harran ~ anhurfa 63100 Turkey

Phospholipase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes phospholipids releasing a variety of products, like for example lyso-phospholipids, free fatty acids, di-acylglycerols, choline phosphate and phosphatidates, depending on the site of hydrolysis. In cheese production, lysophospholipids act as surface-active agents in the cheese curd, helping emulsification of water and fat during processing and reducing syneresis. Phospholipases are more specific and have little or no activity toward di- or triglycerides. As a result of phospholipid hydrolysis, flavor defects do not occur due to the main formation of palmitic, oleic, and stearic acids, which are non-volatile short chains fatty acids. According to the scientific studies the use of phospholipase is able to increase the yield of cheese and reduce the environmental impacts of cheese production. Protein and fat largely determine cheese yield. Depending on the milk composition, 75% to 78% of milk protein and 85% to 95% of milk fat are entrapped in the cheese curd. The remaining protein and fat are lost in the whey and, to a lesser extent, in the brine. Crucially in the production of pasta filata cheese fat losses occur in the hot stretching step, where the fresh curd is molded and stretched in hot water. The lysophospholipid-casein complexes should be studied to understand the mechanism leading to cheese yield improvements.

关键词： Phospholipase cheese yield.

Kefir treatment ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第46期21卷 13020-13029页

作者： Altug Senol mehmet Isler Recep Sutcu mete akin Ebru Cakir Betul m Ceyhan m Cem Kockar Department of Gastroenterology Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine Department of Biochemistry Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine Department of Gastroenterology Akdeniz University School of Medicine Department of Pathology Tepecik Education and Research Hospital

AIm: To investigate the preventive effect of kefir on colitis induced with dextran sulfate sodium(DSS) in ***: Twenty-four male Wistar-albino rats were randomized into four groups: normal control,kefircontrol,colitis,and kefir-colitis groups. Rats in the normal and kefir-control groups were administered tap water as drinking water for 14 d. Rats in the colitis and kefir-colitis groups were administered a 3% DSS solution as drinking water for 8-14 d to induce colitis. Rats in the kefir-control and kefir-colitis groups were administered 5 m L kefir once a day for 14 d while rats in the normal control and colitis group were administered an identical volume of the placebo(skim milk) using an orogastric feeding tube. Clinical colitis was evaluated with reference to the disease activity index(DAI),based on daily weight loss,stool consistency,and presence of bleeding in feces. Rats were sacrificed on the 15 th day,blood specimens were collected,and colon tissues were rapidly removed. Levels of myeloperoxidase(mPO),tumor necrosisfactor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-10,malondialdehyde,and inducible nitric oxide synthase(i NOS) were measured in colon ***: The DAI was lower in the kefir-colitis group than in the colitis group(on the 3rd and 5th days of colitis induction; P mpared to the normal control and kefir-control groups. The DAI was statistically higher only on the 6th day in the kefircolitis group when compared to that in the normal control groups. Increased colon weight and decreased colon length were observed in colitis-induced rats. mean colon length in the colitis group was significantly shorter than that of the kefir-control group. Kefir treatment significantly decreased histologic colitis scores(P mPO activity in the colitis group was significantly higher than in the kefir-control group(P ment significantly

关键词： Colitis Dextran sulfate sodium Inflammatory bowel

Comparison of intravenous pantoprazole and ranitidine in patients with dyspepsia presented to the emergency department: a randomized, double blind, controlled trial

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World Journal of Emergency medicine 2016年第1期7卷 30-34页

作者： Engin Senay Cenker Eken murat Yildiz Derya Yilmaz Erhan Alkan mete akin mustafa Serinken Department of Emergency medicine School of Medicine Akdeniz University Department of Gastroenterology School of Medicine Akdeniz University Department of Gastroenterology Burdur Government Hospital Pamukkale University Hospital Department of Emergency Medicine

BACKGROUND:This study aimed to compare pantoprazole,a proton-pomp inhibitors(PPIs),and ranitidine,a H2 receptor antagonists(H2RA),in ceasing dyspeptic symptoms in the emergency department(ED).mETHODS:This randomized,double-blinded study compared the effectiveness of 50 mg ranitidine(Ulcuran®)and 40 mg pantoprazole(Pantpas®),given in a 100 m L saline solution by an intravenous rapid infusion within 2–4 minutes in patients with dyspepsia presented to the *** intensity was measured at baseline,30 and 60 minutes after the drug ***:A total of 72 patients were eligible for the *** these patients,2 were excluded from the study because the initial visual analogue scale(VAS)scores were under 20 mm and 4 were excluded from the statistical analysis because of being diagnosed as having other causes of epigastric pain despite being allocated to one of the study ***-three patients in the pantoprazole group and 33 patients in the ranitidine group were analyzed *** mean age of the patients was36.6±15 years,and 26(39.4%)patients were *** of the groups reduced pain effectively at 30[27.6±28(18 to 37)vs.28.3±23(20 to 37),respectively]and 60 minutes[39.6±39(26 to 53)vs.42.3±25(33 to 51),respectively].There were 13(39.4%)patients in the pantoprazole group and 8(24.2%)patients in the ranitidine group who required additional drug at the end of the study(P=0.186).CONCLUSION:Intravenous pantoprazole and ranitidine are not superior to each other in ceasing dyspeptic symptoms at 30 and 60 minutes in the ED.

关键词： Dyspepsia Pantoprazole Ranitidine Emergency department

Comparison of one and three initial monthly intravitreal ranibizumab injection in patients with macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第9期11卷 1534-1538页

作者： Alper Halil Bayat akin Cakir Seyma Gülcenur Ozturan Selim Bolükbasi Burak Erden mustafa Nuri Elcioglu Departmant of Opthalmology Okmeydani Research&Traning HospitalIstanbul 34384Turkey

AIm： To compare three initial monthly intravitreal ranibizumab（IVR） injections followed by pro re nata（PRN） dosing with one initial monthly IVR injections followed by PRN dosing for macular edema（mE） secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion（BRVO）.mETHODS： Forty-two eyes of 42 patients who had IVR injections for BRVO were retrospectively studied. Eighteen eyes received 1 initial IVR injection（1＋PRN group） and 24 eyes received 3 monthly IVR injections（3＋PRN）. At 1, 3, 6 and 12mo; spectral-domain optical coherence tomography（SD-OCT） was performed. Central macular thickness（CmT）, the integrity of the external limiting membrane（ELm）, the presence of subretinal fluid, cyst size, the presence of inner segment/outer segment（IS/OS） defect were ***： At baseline the mean CmT was 521.3±153.2 μm in the 3＋PRN group while it was 438.1±162.4 μm in 1＋PRN group. At the final visit, mean CmT was 278.3±87.8 μm in the 3＋PRN group and 285.2±74.2 μm in the 1＋PRN group（P=0.079）. The changes in CmT over the entire study period were also comparable in both groups（243±160 μm in the 3＋PRN group, and 152.9±175.3 μm in the 1＋PRN group; P=0.090）. At baseline, best-corrected visual acuity（BCVA） was 0.92±0.60 logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution（logmAR） in the 3＋PRN group, while it was 0.72±0.46 logmAR in the 1＋PRN group. Final BCVA was 0.42±0.55 logmAR in the 3＋PRN group and 0.38±0.50 logmAR in the 1＋PRN group（P=0.979）. Additionally, the BCVA changes from baseline to final visit were not significantly different（-0.50±0.45 logmAR in the 3＋PRN group, and-0.33±0.39 logmAR in the 1＋PRN group; P=0.255）.CONCLUSION： No significant differences in the anatomical or functional results are found between 3＋PRN and 1＋PRN regimens in the patients receiving ranibizumab for mE secondary to BRVO. Intact IS/OS and baseline BCVA are good predictor of the visual gain, while baseline CmT is a good predictor of the anatomical gain.

关键词： branch retinal vein occlusion ranibizumab macular edema therapy predictive factors

The Hydrochemical Characteristics of a Stressed Sand-Gravel Aquifer: Kazan Plain, Ankara, Turkey

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2021年第11期12卷 961-982页

作者： Ahmet Apaydin Beril Salman akin Eda Kaya Civil Engineering Department Giresun University Giresun Turkey Department of Biology Teaching Gazi Faculty of Education Gazi University Ankara Turkey Technical Research and Quality Control Department of General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works (DSI) Ankara Turkey

Over-exploitation and sand-gravel mining affect groundwater resources in terms of both quantity and quality. Groundwater level and well yields in and around the sand-gravel pits significantly decrease. Sand-gravel mining also changes the turbidity levels and temperature of groundwater. Reduction and destruction of valuable aquifers are significant issues. In this case, the natural state of the aquifer disappears. The Kazan Plain in central Turkey is a dramatic example of these kinds of results. The productive sand-gravel aquifer in the Kazan plain has been substantially damaged due to intensive sand-gravel mining since the 1980s. Additionally, over-exploitation has caused notable declines in groundwater levels, particularly in the 2000s. This study focuses on the hydrogeochemical situation of the Kazan Plain alluvium aquifer after intensive sand-gravel mining and over-exploitation. Groundwater samples were collected seasonally in 2015, five years after the over-exploitation and heavy sand-gravel mining. The decline reached 20 m (about half of the saturated thickness of the sand-gravel aquifer) in the region where the intensive groundwater abstraction lasted until 2010. Some quarries continued to operate until 2010, but after that mining activity continued only at a minimum level. Today, groundwater quality has been significantly degraded due to the over-exploitation of sand-gravel mining and also the cessation of recharge from fresh river water.

关键词： Chemical Characteristic Sand-Gravel mining Groundwater Over-Exploitation

Occupational Exposure to Particulate matter from Biomass Smoke and Its Relationship to Respiratory Symptoms and Pulmonary Function among Rural Women Involved in Cassava Processing in Nigeria

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Open Journal of Preventive medicine 2017年第3期7卷 41-54页

作者： Tochi J. Okwor Obianuju B. Ozoh Ifeoma J. Okonkwo akin Osibogun Centre for Epidemiology and Health Development Ibeju Lekki Nigeria College of medicine University of Lagos Idi Araba Nigeria University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla Nigeria

Background: Cassava processing is an important source of livelihood for many rural women and involves prolonged exposure to biomass smoke. The impact of this exposure on respiratory health of these women has not been explored. We aimed to compare the frequency of respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function among cassava processing women to that of petty traders as well as the levels of particulate matter Pm2.5 and Pm10 at the workplaces of these women. methods: A comparative cross-sectional design. Questionnaire was administered;spirometry was performed;Pm2.5 and Pm10 were sampled. Descriptive statistics were used and multiple logistic regressions were performed to assess the relationship between predictors and outcome variables. Results: 528 non-smoking women were recruited (264 cassava processors and 264 petty traders). The women were matched by baseline parameters. Pm2.5 levels at the cassava processing plants were (50 ± 10.0 μg/m3) while the levels at the petty traders’ stalls were 13.0 ± 10.0 μg/m3 (P 2.5, having more respiratory symptoms, lower pulmonary function parameters and higher frequency of obstructive pulmonary defect compared to women not occupationally exposed to biomass. Use of more efficient fuel in cassava processing and personal protective equipment may limit the harmful health effects of biomass among these vulnerable women.

关键词： Biomass Respiratory Symptoms Particulate matter Pulmonary Function Obstructive Pulmonary Defect

机械循环支持流感病毒相关心肌炎所致难治性心源性休克

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中华医学杂志 2021年第8期101卷 601-601页

作者： Sieweke JT akin m Stetskamp S 孙兵唐晓不详首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院呼吸与危重症医学科

机械循环辅助在流感病毒相关心肌炎合并难治性心源性休克(rCS)的应用仍缺乏证据。本研究为基于近两个流感流行季的单中心、前瞻性、观察性研究。目的为观察应用静脉‐动脉体外膜肺氧合(V‐A ECmO)和心室辅助系统进行联合机械循环辅助对... 详细信息

机械循环辅助在流感病毒相关心肌炎合并难治性心源性休克(rCS)的应用仍缺乏证据。本研究为基于近两个流感流行季的单中心、前瞻性、观察性研究。目的为观察应用静脉‐动脉体外膜肺氧合(V‐A ECmO)和心室辅助系统进行联合机械循环辅助对流感相关心肌炎合并rCS患者的影响。

关键词：体外膜肺氧合观察性研究机械循环辅助流感病毒心肌炎心室辅助难治性心源性休克 ECmO

Occupational Noise Exposure is associated with Hypertension in China:results from the project ELEFANT

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Occupational Noise Exposure is associated with Hypertension ...

Geochemical evolution of the mangalwar Complex,Aravalli Craton,NW India:Insights from elemental and Nd-isotope geochemistry of the basement gneisses

2018环境与健康学术会议--精准环境健康：跨学科合作的挑战

作者： akin Cayir Elena Colicino Timothy m Barrow Hao Wang Hongbin Liu Changping Li Ning Ding Yan Li Choong-min Kang Liqiong Guo Peng-huiLi Hyang-min Byun Vocational Health College Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Human Nutrition Research Centre Institute of Cellular MedicineNewcastle University Icahn School of medicine at mount Sinai Fàculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing University of Sunderland Tianjin Research Institute for Family Planning Department of Epidemiology and Statistics School of Public HealthTianjin Medical University School of Public Health Tianjin Medical University Department of Environmental Health School of Public HealthHarvard University Department of Occupational & Environmental Health School of Public HealthTianjin Medical University School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering Tianjin University of Technology

Background Noise,the second common environmental cause after air pollution,is associated with the non-auditory disorders such as increased blood *** the risk due to the noise exposure might help to prevent further development of *** We investigated an association between occupational noise exposure and blood pressure in different hypertension stages in models stratified with ***,we examined the noise-BmI,noise-gender,and noise-residence interactions on hypertension risk in separate *** We utilized 124,286 young adults(18-40 years) from project the Environmental and LifEstyle Factors iN metabolic health throughout life-course Trajectories(ELEFANT).We determined the noise exposure as yes/no and measured the blood pressure as mm *** applied logistic regression models adjusted with covariates to assess the associations and *** We found that noise exposure was responsible to increase 0.23 mm Hg(95%CI:0.10,0.38,p=0.0009) in elevated,0.15 mm Hg(95%CI:0.06,0.22,p=0.0008) in stage 1,and 0.41 mm Hg(95%CI:0.27,0.55) in stage ***,noise exposure-BmI interaction was consistently positively associated with 0.71 mm Hg(95%CI:0.44,0.990,pmm Hg(95%CI:0.60,0.96,pmm Hg(95%CI:1.73,2.38,pmale interaction showed higher risk for hypertension compared with the noise exposure-female interaction in stage 1(OR=1.67,95%CI:1.47,1.86) and stage 2(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.35,2.05).Finally,we found that noise exposure-urban interaction was consistently associated with 0.32 mm Hg(95%CI:0.17,0.48,pmm Hg(95%CI:0.27,0.59) in stage 2 *** In young,noise exposure was associated with increased blood pressure in elevated,stage 1,and stage ***,noise exposure was interacted with the BmI,gender,and residence which induced increase the blood pressure.

关键词： Occupational noise hypertension obesity

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第3期9卷 931-942页

作者： Iftikhar Ahmad m.E.A.mondal Rajneesh Bhutani m.Satyanarayanan Department of Geology Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh 202002India Department of Earth Sciences Pondicherry UniversityPuducherry 605014India CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute Hyderabad 500007India

The Banded Gneissic Complex(BGC) of the Aravalli Craton is divided into BGC-I and BGC-Ⅱ; the BGC-Ⅱ(central Rajasthan) is comprised of the Sandmata Complex and the mangalwar Complex. We report elemental and Nd-isotope geochemistry of basement gneisses of the mangalwar Complex and constrain its origin and evolution. Geochemically, the basement gneisses have been classified as low-SiO_2 gneisses(LSG) and high-SiO_2 gneisses(HSG). Both the LSG and HSG are potassic, calc-alkaline and peraluminous in nature. The LSG are enriched in incompatible(K, Sr, Ba, large ion lithophile elements) and compatible elements(mgO, Cr, and Ni). They display fractionated rare earth element patterns(***_N/Yb_N=12.1)with small Eu-anomaly(δEu=0.9), and exhibit negative anomalies of Nb and Ti in primitive mantlenormalized multi-element diagram. In terms of Nd-isotope geochemistry, the LSG are characterized by_(εNd)(t)=4.2 and depleted mantle model age of 3.3 Ga. To account for these geochemical characteristics we propose a three-stage petrogenetic model for the LSG:(1) fluids released from dehydration of subducting slab metasomatised the mantle-wedge;(2) the subducting slab underwent slab-breakoff causing upwelling and decompression melting of the asthenosphere during waning stage of subduction; and(3)upwelling asthenosphere provided the requisite heat for partial melting of the metasomatised mantlewedge leading to generation of the LSG parental magma. Asthenospheric upwelling also contributed in the LSG petrogenesis which is evident from its high mg#(avg. 0.53). The LSG formed in this way are contemporary and chemically akin to sanukitoids of the BGC-I and Archean sanukitoids reported elsewhere. This provides a basis to consider the LSG as a part of the BGC-I. Contrary to the LSG, the HSG are depleted in compatible elements(mgO=avg. 1.1 wt.%; Cr=avg. 8 ppm; Ni=avg. 6 ppm) but enriched in incompatible elements(Sr=avg. 239 ppm, Ba=avg. 469 ppm). Its_(εNd)(t) values vary from-9.5 ***

关键词： Aravalli Craton mangalwar Complex Nd-isotope geochemistry Grey gneisses Sanukitoid High-K granitoids