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radiolabeling of lacosamide using highly purified rhenium-188 as a prospective brain theranostic agent

Nuclear Science and Techniques 2020年第10期31卷 105-114页

作者： H.A.El-Sabagh m.I.Aydia A.m.Amin K.m.El-Azony Labeled Compound Department Radioisotopes Production DivisionHot Laboratory CenterAtomic Energy AuthorityP.O.Box 13759 CairoEgypt radioactive Isotopes and Generators Department Radioisotopes Production DivisionHot Laboratory CenterAtomic Energy AuthorityP.O.Box 13759 CairoEgypt

rhenium-188 is prospectively effective for both diagnosis and radiotherapy as it appropriately emits gamma rays and beta ***(LCm)is a newly approved antiepileptic medication for focal drug-resistant ***-188 was separated with high elution yield and high purity using the new 188W/188re generator based on the ZrSiW gel matrix.188re-LCm was prepared with high radiochemical yield and high *** of 188re-LCm in normal Swiss albino mice was investigated to determine its utility as a potential brain therapy *** 188W/188re generator was used to obtain 188re based on the ZrSi188W gel matrix,and the chemical,radiochemical,and radionuclidic purity of the obtained 188re was determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry(ICP-AES),a paper chromatography technique,and high-purity germanium(HPGe)detection,respectively,to assess its validity for LCm *** factors,such as the pH,reaction time,and LCm quantity,were therefore studied in order to improve the yield and purity of 188re-LCm,as determined by various chromatographic techniques such as electrophoresis,thin layer chromatography(TLC),and highpressure liquid chromatography(HPLC).188re was obtained with a high elution yield(75±3%)and a low 188W breakthrough(0.001±0.0001%).The maximum radiochemical yield of 188re-LCm(87.5±1.8%)was obtained using 50 ll LCm(4 mm),250 ll stannous chloride(4.4 mm)at pH 4,100 ll 188re(37 mBq),within 30 min,at room temperature(25±3C),as determined by TLC,electrophoresis,and HPLC *** analysis showed that 188re-LCm was primarily localized in the brain(5.1%)with a long residence time(240 min).

关键词： Lacosamide 188re 188W/188re generator radiolabeling

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CONVErGENCE OF NUmErICAL SCHEmES FOr A CONSErVATION EQUATION WITH CONVECTION AND DEGENErATE DIFFUSION

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Journal of Computational mathematics 2021年第3期39卷 428-452页

作者： r.Eymard C.Guichard Xavier Lhebrard Universite Gustave Eiffel Laboratoire d'nalyse et de Mathematiques Appliquees(UMR 8050)UGEUPECCNRSF-77454Mame-la-ValleeFrance Sorbonne Universite Universite Paris-Diderot SPCCNRSInriaLaboratoire Jacques-Louis Lionsequipe ANGEF-75005 Paris Ecole Normale Superieure de rennes France

The approximation of problems with linear convection and degenerate nonlinear difFusion,which arise in the framework of the transport of energy in porous media with thermodynamic transitions,is done usingθ-scheme based on the centred gradient discretisation *** convergence of the numerical scheme is proved,although the test functions which can be chosen are restricted by the weak regularity hypotheses on the convection field,owing to the application of a discrete Gronwall lemma and a general result for the time translate in the gradient discretisation *** numerical examples,using both the Control Volume Finite Element method and the Vertex Approximate Gradient scheme,show the role ofθfor stabilising the scheme.

关键词： Linear convection Degenerate diffusion Gradient discretisation method θ-scheme

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Laparoendoscopic single site,laparoscopic or open surgery for adrenal tumors:Selecting the optimal approach

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World Journal of Clinical Urology 2014年第2期3卷 54-65页

作者： Christopher B riedinger Conrad m Tobert Brian r Lane michigan State University College of Human medicine Grand RapidsMI 49503United States Urology Division Spectrum Health Hospital SystemGrand RapidsMI 49503United States

Numerous surgical modalities are available to treat adrenal lesions. minimally-invasive approaches for adrenalectomy are indicated in most circumstances, and new evidence continues to be accumulated. In this context, current indications for open surgical adrenalectomy(OS-A), minimally-invasive adrenalectomy(mI-A), and laparoendoscopic single-site adrenalectomy(LESS-A) remain unclear. A comprehensive Englishlanguage literature review was performed using mEDLINE/Pub mED to identify articles and guidelines pertinent to the surgical management of adrenal tumors. A comprehensive chart review was performed for three illustrative cases. Clinical recommendations were generated based on relevant literature and the expertise of the investigator group. mI-A offers advantages over OS-A in properly selected patients, who experience fewer complications, lower blood loss, and shorter hospital stays. robot-assisted laparoscopic and retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy may offer advantages over transperitoneal surgery, and LESS-A may be an even less-invasive option that will require further evaluation. mI-A remains the surgical treatment of choice for most adrenal lesions. Tumor size and stage are the primary indications for selecting alternative treatment modalities. OS-A remains the gold standard for large tumors(> 10 cm) and suspected or known advanced stage malignancy. LESS-A appears to be an appropriate initial approach for small tumors(m), including pheochromocytoma and isolated adrenal metastases.

关键词： Adrenal masses Surgical approach Indications Open adrenalectomy Laparoscopic adrenalectomy Laparoendoscopic single-site adrenalectomy

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Analysis of South Hemisphere Temperature Anomalies over the Last millennium up to the Beginning of the Contemporary Age: A Comparison between a Statistical model and a Global Dynamic model

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American Journal of Climate Change 2014年第2期3卷 205-211页

作者： Gabriela V. müller Cintia r. repinaldo Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia de Tecnología a la Producción (CICYTTP-CONICET) Diamante Entre Ríos Argentina

We analyze the consistency of the coupled atmosphere-ocean GISS-Er climate model in reproducing South American temperature anomalies over the last millennium. For that purpose, we compare the model results with the Neukom’s temperature anomaly reconstruction provided by a statistical model that uses multiproxy data and climatological temperature anomalies. Specifically, we examine temperature anomalies for summer and winter of a 6-member ensemble of the GISS-Er model with 1× solar forcing and 2× solar forcing, calculated for the period 1000-1899. Using the Neukom’s reconstructions and the model outputs, we calculate the summer mean anomalies of the period 1001-1700 (a period that includes medieval Climate Anomaly -mCA- and Little Ice Age -LIA-), and winter mean anomalies of the period 1706-1800 (a period that includes the pre-industrial period). These mean anomalies are subtracted from Neukom’s reconstructions defining the reconstructions wrt 1001-1700 (summer) and wrt 1706-1800 (summer and winter). In general, the model is not very consistent with the reconstructions, since the model’s mean and spread show very small interannual variability in contrast to what the reconstructions exhibit, and often with anomalies of opposite sign. In the period 1001-1700, the model presents, on average, negative temperature anomalies for the 1× and 2× forcing. In the period 1706-1800, the model displays positive anomalies for summer and negative anomalies for winter for the 1× and 2× forcing. In particular, the anomaly that better reproduces the sign of the reconstructions is that wrt 1001-1700 with 1× forcing and for summer. The model has an error of only 33% in reproducing the sign of the anomalies, in comparison to the Neukom’s reconstruction for the same reference period. The model’s anomaly wrt 1001-1700 with 1× forcing for summer also reproduces the mCA and LIA’s sign of the reconstruction. The mCA’s sign is reproduced in almost 75% of the comparisons, and the LIA’s sign in m

关键词： Temperature reconstruction Climate models Solar Forcing mCA LIA

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Photonic Crystal Based Direct and Inverse Heterostructures by Colloidal Self-Assembly

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Optics and Photonics Journal 2012年第3期2卷 242-248页

作者： Sunita Kedia m. Srinivas reddy r. Vijaya Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai India Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur India IITB-monash research Academy IIT Bombay Mumbai India

Photonic crystal heterostructures containing two materials and/or two lattice constants are synthesized using the colloids of polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate by a self-assembling technique. These direct heterostructures with double stop band are infiltrated with zinc oxide by sol-gel method, followed by the removal of the original polymer template by a wet-etching process to result in inverse heterostructures made of zinc oxide. A red shift in the wavelength of stop bands is observed when the crystal is infiltrated with zinc oxide and a blue shift after inversion, in concurrence with the changes in the effective index of the structure. The stop band is also calculated to extract the number of layers and the extinction co-efficient contributing to the heterostructure. This structure made by a room-temperature low-cost technique produces a sparsely-filled zinc oxide crystal with a single refractive index but containing two different periodicities in a layered arrangement that can be used as a lab-on-a-chip for dual- or multi-wavelength sensing applications.

关键词： Photonic Crystal Heterostructure Self-Assembly Sol-Gel Inverse Photonic Crystal Dual Stop Bands

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The contribution of microorganisms and metazoans to mineral nutrition in bromeliads

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第3期9卷 241-255页

作者： Céline Leroy Jean-François Carrias régis Céréghino Bruno Corbara IrD UMR AMAP(botAnique et Modélisation de l’Architecture des Plantes et des végétations)Boulevard de la LirondeTA A‐51/PS2F‐34398 Montpellier Cedex 5France Umr Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane(AgroParisTech CIRADCNRSINRAUniversitéde GuyaneUniversitédes Antilles)Campus AgronomiqueBP 316F-97379 Kourou cedexFrance UniversitéClermont Auvergne UniversitéBlaise PascalBP 10448F-63000 Clermont-FerrandFrance CNrS UMR 6023Laboratoire Microorganismes:Génome et EnvironnementCampus Universitaire des Cézeaux1 impasse Amélie MuratTSA 60026 CS *** Aubière cedexFrance Universitéde Toulouse INPUPS EcoLab(Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement)F-31062 ToulouseFrance CNrS EcoLab118 Route de NarbonneF-31062 ToulouseFrance

Aims One critical challenge for plants is to maintain an adequate nutrient supply under fluctuating environmental *** is particularly true for epiphytic species that have limited or no access to the pedosphere and often live in harsh *** have evolved key innovations such as epiphytism,water-absorbing leaf trichomes,tank habit and Crassulacean acid metabolism(CAm)photosynthesis that enable them to survive under various environmental *** encompass diverse ecological types that live on different substrates(they can be terrestrial,epilithic or epiphytic)and vary in their ability to retain water(they can be tank-forming or tankless)and photosynthetic pathway(i.e.C3 or CAm).In this review,we outline the nutritional modes and specializations that enable bromeliads to thrive in a wide range of nutrient-poor(mostly nitrogen-depleted)*** FindingsBromeliads have evolved a great diversity of morphologies and functional adaptations leading to the existence of numerous nutritional *** on species that have absorptive foliar trichomes,we review evidence that bromeliads have evolved multi-faceted nutritional strategies to respond to fluctuations in the supply of natural nitrogen(N).These plants have developed mutualistic associations with many different and functionally diverse terrestrial and aquatic microorganisms and metazoans that contribute substantially to their mineral nutrition and,thus,their fitness and *** and fungal microbiota-assisted N provisioning,protocarnivory,digestive mutualisms and myrmecotrophic pathways are the main strategies used by bromeliads to acquire *** combination of different nutritional pathways in bromeliads represents an important adaptation enabling them to exploit nutrient-poor ***,as has been shown for several other vascular plants,multiple partners are involved in nutrient acquisition indicating that there have been convergent adap

关键词： digestive mutualism insect-assisted nutrients leafδ15N multiple N sources myrmecotrophy

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Infrastructure for collaborative science and societal applications in the Columbia river estuary

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2015年第4期9卷 659-682页

作者： Antonio m. BAPTISTA NSF Science and Technology Center for Coastal margin Observation & Prediction Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon 97239 USA Oregon Health & Science University Astoria Oregon 97103 USA Portland State University Portland Oregon 97201 USA Applied Physics Laboratory of the University of Washington Seattle Washington 98105 USA Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97331 USA Formerly University of maryland Center for Environmental Studies Maryland 21613 USA

To meet societal needs, modem estuarine science needs to be interdisciplinary and collaborative, combine discovery with hypotheses testing, and be responsive to issues facing both regional and global stakeholders. Such an approach is best conducted with the benefit of data-rich environments, where information from sensors and models is openly accessible within convenient timeframes. Here, we introduce the operational infrastruc- ture of one such data-rich environment, a collaboratory created to support （a） interdisciplinary research in the Columbia river estuary by the multi-institutional team of investigators of the Science and Technology Center for Coastal margin Observation ＆ Prediction and （b） the integration of scientific knowledge into regional decision making. Core components of the operational infrastructure are an observation network, a modeling system and a cyber-infrastructure, each of which is described. The observation network is anchored on an extensive array of long-term stations, many of them interdisciplinary, and is complemented by on-demand deployment of temporary stations and mobile platforms, often in coordinated field campaigns. The modeling system is based on finite- element unstructured-grid codes and includes operational and process-oriented simulations of circulation, sediments and ecosystem processes. The flow of information is managed through a dedicated cyber-infrastructure, con- versant with regional and national observing systems.

关键词： estuaries observations numerical modeling,cyber-infrastructure Columbia river

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Comparison of different magnetic resonance imaging sequences for assessment of fistula-in-ano

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World Journal of radiology 2014年第5期6卷 203-209页

作者： michael r Torkzad Hkan Ahlstrm Urban Karlbom 12 reris Grange Close Milford SurreyGU8 5FD United Kingdom Section of radiology Section Department of Radiology Oncology and Radiation Science Uppsala University SE 75185 Uppsala Sweden Department of Surgery Uppsala University Hospital SE 75185 Uppsala Sweden

AIm: To assess agreement between different forms of T2 weighted imaging(T2WI), and post-contrast T1WI in the depiction of fistula tracts, inflammation, and internal openings with that of a reference test. mETHODS: Thirty-nine consecutive prospective cases were enrolled. The following sequences were used for T2WI: 2D turbo-spin-echo(2D T2 TSE); 3D T2 TSE; short tau inversion recovery(STIr); 2D T2 TSE with fat saturation performed in all patients. T1WI were either a 3D T1-weighted prepared gradient echo sequence with fat saturation or a 2D T1 fat saturation [Spectral presaturation with inversion(SPIr)]. Agreement for each sequence for determination of fistula extension, internal openings, and the presence of active inflammation was assessed separately and blindly against a reference test comprised of follow-up, surgery, endoscopic ultrasound, and assessment by an independent experienced radiologist with access to all ***: Fifty-six fistula tracts were found: 2 intersphincteric, 13 trans-sphincteric, and 24 with additional tracts. The best T2 weighted sequence for depiction of fistula tracts was 2D T2 TSE(Cohen's kappa = 1.0), followed by 3D T2 TSE(0.88), T2 with fat saturation(0.54), and STIr(0.19). Internal openings were best seen on 2D T2 TSE(Cohen's kappa = 0.88), followed by 3D T2 TSE(0.70), T2 with fat saturation(0.54), and STIr(0.31). Detection of inflammation showed Cohen's kappa of 0.88 with 2D T2 TSE, 0.62 with 3D T2 TSE, 0.63 with STIr, and 0.54 with T2 with fat saturation. STIr, 3D T2 TSE, and T2 with fat saturation did not make any contributions compared to 2D T2 TSE. Post-contrast 3D T1 weighted prepared gradient echo sequence with fat saturation showed better agreement in the depiction of fistulae(Cohen's kappa = 0.94), finding internal openings(Cohen's kappa = 0.97), and evaluating inflammation(Cohen's kappa = 0.94) compared to post-contrast 2D T1 fat saturation or SPIr where the corresponding figures were 0.71, 0.66, and 0.87, respectively.

关键词： Fistula magnetic resonance imaging Diagnosis

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STrONG SHOCKS IN NONISENTrOPIC GAS DYNAmICS

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Acta mathematica Scientia 2009年第4期29卷 973-979页

作者： Constantine m. Dafermos Division of Applied mathematics Brown University

In nonisentropic gas dynamics, with general equations of state, strong cornpressive shocks satisfying the Liu E-condition may violate the Second Law of thermodynamics.

关键词： gas dynamics entropy Lax E-condition Liu E-condition

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monitoring the 2008 cold surge and frozen disasters snowstorm in South China based on regional ATOVS data assimilation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第8期53卷 1216-1228页

作者： DALE m.Barker National Center for Atmospheric research BoulderColoradoUSA

In January 2008, South China experienced extremely low temperatures, heavy snowstorms, and severe frosts (2008 Frost Disaster, for short), which led to (partial) failures of observations from ground stations and ground radars resulting in a lack of necessary emergency information. To compensate for the failure of ground observations and to provide timely disaster information, the National Satellite meteorological Center of China (NSmC) established a snow storm monitoring system for the 2008 Frost Disaster, which was based on the WrF Three Dimension Variational Assimilation and Forecast system (with NOAH as the land surface sub-process model) cooperatively developed by NSmC and the National Center for Atmospheric research (NCAr), US. This system made full use of ATOVS and NCEP data to provide estimates of snow water equivalent every 6 hours during the storm. In this study, the ATOVS assimilation based snowstorm monitoring scheme was explored in detail, while the modeled results with and without ATOVS assimilation were compared against related observations. results showed that the coupling of ATOVS assimilation into the proposed monitoring system evidently delineates weather characteristics of the snowstorm process more accurately, and demonstrated the feasibility of the system for snowstorm monitoring and forecasting. Through theoretical analyses and case discussion, this study proposes a reliable and practicable scheme to provide timely and accurate information on snow spatial distribution and temporal development for disaster mitigation, and illustrates a new application of ATOVS data.

关键词： 2008 cold surge and frozen disaster in South China ATOVS data assimilation snow depth snowstorm monitoring

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