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Asian Journal of Andrology 2005年第3期7卷 267-275,页

作者： C.Soler J.J.dem.nserrat m.núez R.Gutiérrez J.núez m.Sancho T.G.Cooper Departm.ntof Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology University of ValènciaValència 46112Spain Departam.ntode Ouímica y Biología Universidad del NorteBarranquillaColombia Instituteof Reproductive medicine University of MünsterMünster D-48129Germany

Aim： To establish a rat and mouse epididymal map based on the use of the Epiquatre automatic software for histologic image analysis. methods： Epididymides from five adult rats and five adult mice were fixed in alcoholic Bouin＇s fixative and embedded in paraffin. Serial longitudinal sections through the medial aspect of the organ were cut at 10 jam and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. As determ.ned from major connective tissue septa, nine subdivisions of the rat epididymis and seven for the mouse were determ.ned, consisting of five sub-regions in the caput （rat and mouse）, one （mouse） or three （rat） in the corpus and one in the cauda （rat and mouse）. Using the Epiquatre software, several tubular, lum.nal and epithelial morphometric parameters were evaluated. Results： Statistical comparison of the quantitative parameters revealed regional differences （2-5 in the rat, 3-6 in the mouse, dependent on parameters） with caput regions 1 and 2 being largely distinguishable from the similar remaining caput and corpus, which were in turn recognizable from the cauda regions in both species. Conclusion： The use of the Epiquatre software allowed us to establish regression curves for different morphometric parameters that can permit the detection of changes in their values under different pathological or experim.ntal conditions. （Asian J Androl 2005 Sep; 7： 267-275）

关键词： rat mouse epididymis morphometry zonation computer-aided image analysis Epiquatre Software

Impacts of PI3K/protein kinase B pathway activation in reactive astrocytes: from detrim.ntal effects to protective functions

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： Ram.n Pérez-núñez maría Fernanda González Ana maría Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular Comm.nication Laboratory Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDiS) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cell in the central nervous *** injury and inflammation,astrocytes become reactive and undergo morphological and functional *** on their phenotypic classification as A1 or A2,reactive astrocytes contribute to both neurotoxic and neuroprotective responses,***,this binary classification does not fully capture the diversity of astrocyte responses observed across different diseases and *** analysis has revealed that reactive astrocytes have a complex landscape of gene expression profiles,which emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of their *** actively participate in regulating central nervous system inflammation by interacting with microglia and other cell types,releasing cytokines,and influencing the imm.ne *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathway is a central player in astrocyte reactivity and impacts various aspects of astrocyte behavior,as evidenced by in silico,in vitro,and in vivo *** astrocytes,inflammatory cues trigger a cascade of molecular events,where nuclear factor-κB serves as a central mediator of the pro-inflammatory ***,we review the heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes and the molecular mechanisms underlying their *** highlight the involvem.nt of various signaling pathways that regulate astrocyte reactivity,including the PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),αvβ3 integrin/PI3K/AKT/connexin 43,and notch/PI3K/AKT *** targeting the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT cellular signaling pathway to control reactive astrocytes and prevent central nervous system damage,evidence suggests that activating this pathway could also yield beneficial *** dual function of the PI3K/AKT pathway underscores its complexity in astrocyte reactivity and brain function *** review emphasizes the importance of employing astrocyte-exclusive models to underst

关键词： inflammation integrins neuroprotective neurotoxic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reactive astrocytes signal transduction Thy-1(CD90)

Gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy:perspectives on the possibility of optimizing Smn1 delivery to correct all neurological and systemic perturbations

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： Sharon J.Brown Rafael J.Yáñez-muñoz Heidi R.Fuller School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson Center for Inherited neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SmA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SmA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairm.nt of the survival motor neuron 1(Smn1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).This,in combination with the discovery that hum.ns have a“back-up”gene,Smn2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional Smn protein,has led to the generation of SmA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developm.ntal milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,Smn2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher Smn2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SmA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low Smn2 copy number have less severe SmA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SmA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and Smn2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute

neurocircuit regeneration by extracellular matrix reprogramm.ng

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2300-2301页

作者： Shengzhang Su Ian n.Levasseur Kimberly m.Alonge Departm.nt of medicinal Chemistry University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Departm.nt of Chemistry University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Departm.nt of medicine University of Washington Medicine Diabetes InstituteSeattleWAUSA

The brain's extracellular matrix(ECm),which is comprised of protein and glycosam.noglycan(GAG)scaffolds,constitutes 20%-40% of the hum.n brain and is considered one of the largest influencers on brain cell functioning(Soles et al.,2023).Synthesized by neural and glial cells,the brain's ECm regulates a myriad of homeostatic cellular processes,including neuronal plasticity and firing(miyata et al.,2012),cation buffering(moraws ki et al.,2015),and glia-neuron interactions(Anderson et al.,2016).Considering the diversity of functions,dynamic remodeling of the brain's ECm indicates that this understudied medium is an active participant in both normal physiology and neurological diseases.

关键词： matrix programm.ng

Hym.nopteran-specific TRPA channel from the Texas leaf cutter ant (Atta texana) is heat and cold activated and expression correlates with environm.ntal temperature

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InSECT SCIEnCE 2025年第1期32卷 301-320页

作者： York, Julia m. Taylor, Timothy n. LaPotin, Sarah Lu, Ying mueller, Ulrich Univ Illinois Dept Evolut Ecol & Behav Urbana IL USA Univ Texas Austin Dept Integrat Biol Austin TX USA Univ Texas Austin Inst Neurosci Austin TX USA Univ Utah Dept Human Genet Salt Lake City UT USA Univ Illinois Dept Evolut Ecol & Behav Urbana IL 61801 USA

Leaf cutting ants of the genus Atta cultivate fungal gardens, carefully modifying environm.ntal conditions to maintain optimal temperature for fungal growth. Antennal nerves from Atta are highly temperature sensitive, but the underlying molecular sensor is unknown. Here, we utilize Atta texana (Texas leaf cutter ant) to investigate the molecular basis of ant temperature sensation and how it might have evolved as the range expanded northeast across Texas from ancestral populations in mexico. We focus on transient receptor potential (TRP) channel genes, the best characterized temperature sensor proteins in animals. Atta texana antennae express 6 of 13 Hym.nopteran TRP channel genes and sequences are under a mix of relaxed and intensified selection. In a behavioral assay, we find A. texana workers prefer 24 C-degrees (range 21-26 C-degrees) for fungal growth. There was no evidence of regulatory evolution across a temperature transect in Texas, but instead Hym.noptera-specific TRPA (HsTRPA) expression highly correlated with ambient temperature. When expressed in vitro, HsTRPA from A. texana is temperature activated with Q10 values exceeding 100 on initial exposure to temperatures above 33 C-degrees. Surprisingly, HsTRPA also appears to be activated by cooling, and therefore to our knowledge, the first non-TRPA1 ortholog to be described with dual heat/cold activation and the first in any invertebrate.

关键词： electrophysiology evolution invertebrate leaf cutter ants temperature TRP channels

Graphene Oxide and moringa oleifera Seed Oil Incorporated into Gelatin-Based Films:A novel Active Food Packaging material

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Journal of Renewable materials 2025年第2期13卷 311-327页

作者： maría Fernanda Cardona Lunar Ram.n Ordoñez Heidi Fonseca Florido Joaquín Hernández-Fernández Rodrigo Ortega-Toro Food Packaging and Shelf-Life Research Group(FP&SL) Food Engineering DepartmentUniversity of CartagenaCartagena de Indias130015Colombia Departam.nto de Ingeniería Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de HondurasTegucigalpa11101Honduras Investigador por méxico-COnAHCYT Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada(CIQA)Saltillo25294México Chemistry Program Department of Natural and Exact SciencesSan Pablo CampusUniversity of CartagenaCartagena130015Colombia Chemical Engineering Program School of EngineeringUniversidad Tecnológica de BolívarCartagena130001Colombia Departm.nt of natural and Exact Science Universidad de la CostaBarranquilla080002Colombia

The extensive use of polymeric materials in single-use packaging has driven the need to develop biodegradable *** study investigates the incorporation of graphene oxide(GO)and moringa oleifera seed oil(mOSO)into a gelatin matrix to create polymer films and evaluate their potential as active packaging *** properties of these films were evaluated using structural,thermal,mechanical,optical,and physicochemical methods to determ.ne their suitability for food packaging *** results showed that GO and mOSO were homogeneously dispersed in the gelatin matrix,form.ng colloidal particles(around 5μm in diameter).The addition of GO increased opacity by approximately 20 times the base value while mOSO affected light transmittance without impacting *** properties were affected differently,GO acted as a crosslinking agent reducing elongation and increasing tensile strength at break,on the other hand mOSO acted as a plasticizer,making films more plastic increasing elongation a 30%.These effects counteracted each other,and similar behavior was recorded in differential scanning *** films exhibited an improved water vapor resistance,which is crucial for food *** findings indicate that the incorporation of GO and mOSO into a gelatin matrix may produce biodegradable polymer films with enhanced properties,suitable for active packaging in the food industry.

关键词： Biodegradable packaging graphene oxide moringa oleifera seed oil mechanical properties thermal stability water vapor resistance food packaging applications

Effect of cold-working on corrosion induced damage in lug joints

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 175-182页

作者： Ram.nath m.n Chikmath L. murthy H. Departm.nt of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology-MadrasChennai 600036India Departm.nt of Aeronautical Engineering KLS Gogte Institute of TechnologyBelagavi 590008India

Lug joints are preferred joineries for transferring heavy loads to parent components in aerospace *** experience corrosion due to environm.ntal conditions,improper surface finishes and rubbing displacem.nt between the pin and *** causes damage of different sizes and shapes near the *** degradation due to corrosion-induced damage is modelled as a through-pit at one of the identified critical locations through stress *** effect of this pit on fatigue crack initiation life is ***-hole is pre-stressed by cold-working and the benefits of inducing plastic wake on the intended perform.nce of the lug joint during the damages due to corrosion are brought out and compared with non-cold-worked *** analysis is performed on this lug joint with *** results obtained highlight the benefits of cold-working and the methodology can be extended to damage growth and analyse the effect of surface treatm.nts for better structural integrity of components of aerospace vehicles.

关键词： Lug joint Corrosion Crack initiation Cold-working Structural integrity

Agronomic treatm.nts combined with embryo rescue for rapid generation advancem.nt in tomato speed breeding

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2025年第1期11卷 239-250页

作者： Esther Gim.no-Paez Jaime Prohens maria moreno-Cervero Ana de Luis-margarit maria Jose Diez Pietro Gramazio Escuela de Doctorado Universidad Catolica de Valencia San Vicente MartirGuillem de Castro 9446001 ValenciaSpain Instituto de Conservaciony mejora dela Agrodiversidad Valenciana Universitat Politecnica de ValenciaCamino de Vera 1446022 ValenciaSpain Departam.nto de Ciencias Experim.ntales y matematicas Facultad de Veterinaria y Ciencias ExperimentalesUniversidad Catolica de Valencia San Vicente MartirGuillem de Castro 9446001 ValenciaSpain

Unlike other major crops,little research has been performed on tomato to reduce the generation time for speed *** evaluated several agronomic treatm.nts to reduce the generation time of tomato in the‘m82'(determ.nate)and‘m.neymaker'(indeterm.nate)varieties and evaluated the best combination in conjunction with embryo *** container sizes with volumes of 0.2 L(XS),0.45 L(S),0.8 L(m),1.3 L(L),and6 L(XL),were evaluated in the first experim.nt under the autumn *** found that plants grown in XL containers exhibited better developm.nt and required less time from sowing to anthesis(DSA)and from anthesis to fruit ripening(DAR).In the second experim.nt,using XL containers in the autumn-winter cycle,we evaluated the effects of cold prim.ng at the cotyledonary stage,water stress,P supplem.ntation,and K supplem.ntation on generation *** to the control,we found that cold prim.ng significantly reduced the number of leaves,plant height to first the inflorescence,and DSA(2.7 d),whereas K supplem.ntation reduced the DAR(8.8 d).In contrast,water stress and P supplem.ntation did not significantly affect any of the measured traits like DAR,DSA or fruit *** validate these data,in a third experim.nt with XL containers in the spring-summer cycle,the combination of cold prim.ng and K supplem.ntation was tested,confirm.ng the significant effect of this combination on the reduction of generation time(2.9 d for DSA and 3.9 d for DAR)compared to the *** rescue during the cell expansion cycle(average of 22.0 d and 23.3 d after anthesis for‘m82'and‘m.neymaker',respectively)allowed the shortening of the generation time by 8.7 d in‘m82'and 11.6 d in‘m.neymaker'compared to the in planta fruit *** combination of agronomic treatm.nts with embryo rescue can effectively increase the number of generations per year from three to four for speed breeding of tomato.

关键词： Solanum lycopersicum Generation time Speed breeding Container size Cold prim.ng K supplem.ntation Embryo rescue

Assessm.nt of skeletal muscle alterations and circulating myokines in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease:A crosssectional study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第7期31卷 63-73页

作者： Yolanda Real martinez Carlos Ernesto Fernandez-Garcia Esther Fuertes-Yebra mario Calvo Soto Angela Berlana Vicente Barrios maria Caldas Leticia Gonzalez moreno Luisa Garcia-Buey Begoña molina Baena miguel Sampedro-nuñez maria J Beceiro C García-m.nzón Águeda González-Rodríguez Servicio Aparato Digestivo Hospital Universitario La PrincesaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La PrincesaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid 28006Spain Unidad de Investigación Hospital Universitario Santa CristinaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La PrincesaMadrid 28009Spain Departm.nt of Endocrinology Department of PediatricsHospital Infantil Universitario Niño JesúsInstituto de Investigación La PrincesaMadrid 28009Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y nutrición Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid 28029Spain Servicio de Endocrinología y nutrición Hospital Universitario La PrincesaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La PrincesaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid 28006Spain Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-morreale(IIBm) CSIC-UAMMadrid 28029Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades metabólicas Asociadas Madrid 28029Spain

BACKGROUnD Skeletal muscle alterations(SmAs)are being increasingly recognized in patients with metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease(mASLD)and appear to be associated with deleterious outcomes in these ***,their actual prevalence and pathophysiology remain to be *** To determ.ne the prevalence of SmAs and to assess the significance of circulating myokines as biomarkers in patients with *** Skeletal muscle strength and muscle mass were measured in a cross-sectional study in a cohort of 62 patients fulfilling mASLD criteria,recruited from the outpatient clinics of a tertiary level *** degree of fibrosis and liver steatosis was studied using abdom.nal ultrasound and transitional *** and metabolic characteristics as well as serum levels of different myokines were also determ.ned in the mASLD *** analysis was performed comparing results according to liver fibrosis and *** no significant differences were found in both skeletal muscle strength and skeletal muscle mass in patients with mASLD between different stages of liver ***,serum levels of fibroblast growth factor-21(FGF21)were significantly higher in patients with mASLD with advanced hepatic fibrosis(F3-F4)than in those with lower fibrosis stages(F0-F2)(197.49±198.27 pg/mL vs 95.62±83.67 pg/mL;P=0.049).In addition,patients with mASLD with severe hepatosteatosis(S3)exhibited significantly higher serum levels of irisin(1116.87±1161.86 pg/mL)than those with lower grades(S1-S2)(385.21±375.98 pg/mL;P=0.001).COnCLUSIOn SmAs were uncomm.n in the patients with mASLD *** serum levels of irisin and FGF21 were detected in patients with advanced liver steatosis and fibrosis,respectively,with potential implications as biomarkers.

关键词： Skeletal muscle alterations myokines metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Liver fibrosis Hepatosteatosis

La3+ substitution-adjusted magnetic and optical properties with enhanced photocatalytic activity and stability of copper zinc nickel ferrites for wastewater treatm.nt applications

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第2期43卷 319-328页

作者： n.S.Al-Bassami General Studies Departm.nt Jubail Industrial College

Copper-zinc-nickel（Cu-Zn-ni） ferrite nanoparticles are used for wastewater treatm.nt ***,low degradation efficiency and stability are two main issues that make them unsuitable for actual production *** this paper,the citrate-nitrate auto-combustion method was applied for the formation of Cu0.5Zn0.25ni0.25LaxFe2-xO4;（0≤x≤0.1;step 0.02）(CZnL) *** the substitution process entails the replacem.nt of a small ion with a larger one,the lattice constant and crystallite size does not exhibit a consistent increm.ntal *** behavior is justified and *** size of all the CZnL ferrite nanoparticles is in the range of 8-12 nm,and the lattice constant is in the range of 8.6230 to 8.4865 *** morphological analysis conducted using field emission-scanning electron microscopy（FE-SEm） reveals that the CZnL exhibits agglomerated spherical *** energy dispersive X-ray spectrameter（EDAX） analysis was employed to confirm the elem.ntal composition of CZnL *** the process entails the substitution of Fe3+magnetic ions with nonmagnetic ions La3+,the magnetic parameters of CZnL nanoferrites show a general decreasing trend as *** 20 K,saturation magnetization ms shows an overall drop in its values from 59.302 emu/g at x=0.0-41.295 emu/g at x=0.1,the smallest value of 37.87 emu/g is recorded at x=*** highest coercivity（Hc=125.9 Oe） and rem.nence（mr=13.32 emu/g） are recorded for x=0.08 and x=0.04 nanoferrite,*** band gap of all the CZnL nanoferrites was determ.ned using the Kubelka-m.nk function and Tauc plot for direct permitted *** doping modifies the band gap（within 1.86-1.75 eV）,increases light absorption,induces efficient e/h separation and charge migration to *** nanoferrite Cu0.5Zn0.25ni0.25La0.06Fe1.94O4achieves a degradation efficiency of 97.3% for methylene blue（mB） dye removal after just 60 *** five recycling processes,the nanoc

关键词： Copper-zinc-nickel Ferrite Photocatalytic properties Rare earths Wastewater treatm.nt