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Challenges and Suggestions of Ethical Review on Clinical Research Involving Brain-Computer Interfaces

Chinese medical Sciences journal 2024年第2期39卷 131-139页

作者： Xue-Qin Wang Hong-Qiang Sun jia-Yue Si Zi-Yan lin Xiao-mei Zhai lin Lu Peking University Sixth Hospital Peking University Institute of Mental HealthNHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking University)National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit(No.2018RU006)Beijing 100191China Department of Psychology University of CaliforniaDavis 95616USA Department of Psychology University of TorontoToronto M5S 1A1Canada School of Population medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking-Tsinghua Centre for Life Sciences and Peking University-International Development Group/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Brain-computer interface(BCI)technology is rapidly advancing in medical research and *** an emerging biomedical engineering technology,it has garnered significant attention in the clinical research of brain disease diagnosis and treatment,neurological rehabilitation,and mental ***,BCI also raises several challenges and ethical concerns in clinical *** this article,the authors investigate and discuss three aspects of BCI in medicine and healthcare:the state of international ethical governance,multidimensional ethical challenges pertaining to BCI in clinical research,and suggestive concerns for ethical *** the great potential of frontier BCI research and development in the field of medical care,the ethical challenges induced by itself and the complexities of clinical research and brain function have put forward new special fields for ethics in *** ensure"responsible innovation"in BCI research in healthcare and medicine,the creation of an ethical global governance framework and system,along with special guidelines for cutting-edge BCI research in medicine,is suggested.

关键词： brain-computer interface clinical research bioethics ethical governance ethical review

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On Ideal-Derived-Set mappings in Uniform Spaces

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journal of mathematical Research with Applications 2024年第4期44卷 502-510页

作者： Lihua lin Xiangeng ZHOU School of Information Engineering Sanming University Institute of mathematics Ningde Normal University

In this paper, we introduce some ideal-derived-set mappings in uniform spaces and investigate the images of those mappings. meanwhile, we introduce a concept of I-Hurewicz boundedness, study some basic topological ope... 详细信息

关键词： uniform spaces mappings I-cluster points I-Hurewicz boundedness

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The role of acute normovolemic hemodilution in reducing allogeneic blood transfusion in glioblastoma surgery:a case-control study

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Chinese Neurosurgical journal 2024年第1期10卷 35-41页

作者： Ping Chen Xin‑Huang Zhang Ying Wang Xian‑Zhong lin De‑Zhi Kang Qing‑Song lin Department of Anesthesiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005FujianChina Department of Neurosurgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityNo.20 Chazhong RdTaijiang DistrictFuzhou 350005FujianChina Department of Neurosurgery Binhai Branch of National Regional Medical CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350209FujianChina Fujian Provincial Institutes of Brain Disorders and Brain Sciences The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005FujianChina Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005FujianChina Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision medicine for Cancer The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005FujianChina

Background Acute normovolemic hemodilution(ANH)was first introduced in glioblastoma surgery,and its role in reducing allogeneic blood transfusion was investigated in this *** This study enrolled supratentorial glioblastoma patients who received total *** the ANH group,the patients were required to draw blood before the operation,and the blood will be transfused back to the patient during the *** association between ANH and clinical features was *** Sixty supratentorial glioblastoma patients were enrolled in this study,25 patients were allocated in the ANH group,and another 35 patients were included in the control *** dramatically reduced the need for allogeneic blood transfusion(3[12%]vs 12[34.3%],P=0.049),and the blood transfusion per total of patients was dramatically decreased by the application of ANH(0.40±1.15 units vs 1.06±1.59 units,P=0.069).Furthermore,ANH also markedly reduced the requirement of fresh frozen plasma(FFP)transfusion(2[8%]vs 11[31.4%],P=0.030)and the volume of FFP transfusion per total of patients(32.00±114.46 mL vs 115.71±181.00 mL,P=0.033).The complication rate was similar between the two *** ANH was a safe and effective blood conservation technique in glioblastoma surgery.

关键词： Glioblastoma Acute normovolemic hemodilution Surgery Blood transfusion

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Tailoring Electrode-Electrolyte Interface Using an Electron-Deficient Borate-Based Additive in mgTFSI2-mgCl2/DmE Electrolyte for Rechargeable magnesium Batteries

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ENERGY & ENVIRONmENTAL mATERIALS 2024年第6期7卷 167-175页

作者： Fan, Haiyan Zhang, Xinxin Xiao, jianhua Chen, Wenjie lin, Qiyuan Ng, Zi Shyun lin, Yitao Su, Yi Pan, Ludi Su, Yipeng Ren, Shuaiyang Liu, Haowen Li, Xuanzhang Zhang, Yuegang Tsinghua Univ State Key Lab Low Dimens Quantum Phys Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Dept Phys Beijing 100084 Peoples R China Frontier Sci Ctr Quantum Informat Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

Rechargeable magnesium metal batteries need an electrolyte that forms a stable and ionically conductive solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the anodes. Here, we used molecular dynamic simulation, density functional theory calculation, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis to investigate the solvation structures and SEI compositions in electrolytes consisting of dual-salts, magnesium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (mgTFSI2), and mgCl2, with different additives in 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DmE) solvent. We found that the formed [mg-3(mu-Cl)(4)(DmE)(m)TFSI2] (m = 3, 5) inner-shell solvation clusters in mgTFSI2-mgCl2/DmE electrolyte could easily decompose and form a mgO- and mgF2-rich SEI. Such electron-rich inorganic species in the SEI, especially mgF2, turned out to be detrimental for mg plating/stripping. To reduce the mgF2 and mgO contents in SEI, we introduce an electron-deficient tri(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) borate (TFEB) additive in the electrolyte. mg//mg cells using the mgTFSI2-mgCl2/DmE-TFEB electrolyte could cycle stably for over 400 h with a small polarization voltage of similar to 150 mV. Even with the presence of 800 ppm H2O, the electrolyte with TFEB additive could still preserve its good electrochemical performance. The optimized electrolyte also enabled stable cycling and high-rate capability for mg//mo6S8 and mg//CuS full cells, showing great potential for future applications.

关键词： electrolyte additives interfacial chemistry magnesium metal batteries solvation structure

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A Novel Retrograde AAV Variant for Functional manipulation of Cortical Projection Neurons in mice and monkeys

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第1期40卷 90-102页

作者： Yefei Chen jingyi Wang jing Liu jianbang lin Yunping lin jinyao Nie Qi Yue Chunshan Deng Xiaofei Qi Yuantao Li ji Dai Zhonghua Lu Department of Anesthesiology Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare HospitalThe First School of Clinical MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityShenzhen 518027China Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational medicine Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural DevelopmentShenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain ScienceShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and manipulation the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behavior the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Biomedical Research Institute Hubei University of MedicineShiyan 442000China Faculty of Life and Health Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China

Retrograde adeno-associated viruses(AAVs)are capable of infecting the axons of projection neurons and serve as a powerful tool for the anatomical and functional characterization of neural ***,few retro-grade AAV capsids have been shown to offer access to cor-tical projection neurons across different species and enable the manipulation of neural function in non-human primates(NHPs).Here,we report the development of a novel retro-grade AAV capsid,AAV-Dj8R,which efficiently labeled cortical projection neurons after local administration into the striatum of mice and *** addition,intrastriatally injected AAV-Dj8R mediated opsin expression in the mouse motor cortex and induced robust behavioral ***,AAV-Dj8R markedly increased motor cortical neuron firing upon optogenetic light stimulation after viral delivery into the macaque *** data demonstrate the usefulness of AAV-Dj8R as an efficient retrograde tracer for cortical projection neurons in rodents and NHPs and indicate its suitability for use in conducting functional interrogations.

关键词： Retrograde AAV Capsid variant Cortical projection neuron Optogenetics monkey

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Corrosion testing of X52 and X80 steels immersed in stimulated emulsions using a real petroleum sample

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Petroleum Research 2024年第2期9卷 304-316页

作者： L.m.Quej-Ake j.L.Alamilla A.Contreras Instituto mexicano del Petróleo Eje Central Lázaro CárdenasNorte 152San Bartolo AtepehuacanGustavo A.MaderoCiudad de MéxicoC.P.07730México

The aim of this study is to evaluate the internal corrosion process on X52 and X80 steels/real petroleum interfaces containing condensed hydrocarbon plus oilfield-produced water,which were subjected to stimulated emulsions using 50/50 vol ratio mixtures at 45℃,different hydrodynamic conditions,1 h,and 24 h.A washing process by using deionized water was proposed to simulate and identify the corrosiveness of the hydrocarbon phase after 24 h of exposure *** characterization by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the monitoring of the polarization curves indicated that X80 steel/oilfield-produced water interfaces were more susceptible to corrosion than X52 steel exposed to oilfield-produced *** combined speed rotation of 600 rpm using a magnetic stirrer+600 rpm using a rotating disk electrode decreased the corrosion rate on X52 *** stimulated emulsions made of hydrocarbon+oilfield-produced water and hydrocarbon+deionized water at 24 h increased the corrosion rate on X80 steel(0.34 mm/year and 0.43 mm/year,respectively),promoting the formation of erosion and pitting *** types of corrosion depended mainly on the physicochemical properties of the hydrocarbon,oilfield-produced water,exposure times,and hydrodynamic systems in which the hydrocarbon was studied.

关键词： Corrosion Emulsions X52 steel X80 steel

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modelling dynamic pantograph loads with combined numerical analysis

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 81-94页

作者： F.F.jackson R.mishra j.m.Rebelo j.Santos P.Antunes j.Pombo H.magalhaes L.Wills m.Askill School of Computing and Engineering University of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldUK School of Computing and Engineering Institute of Railway ResearchUniversity of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldUK IDmEC Instituto Superior TecnicoUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal ISEL Instituto Politecnico de LisboaLisbonPortugal Hitachi Rail Newton AycliffeUK Wabtec/Brecknell Willis ChardUK

Appropriate interaction between pantograph and catenary is imperative for smooth operation of electric *** heights of overhead lines to accommodate level crossings,overbridges,and tunnels pose significant challenges in maintaining consistent current collection performance as the pantograph aerodynamic profile,and thus aerodynamic load changes significantly with operational *** research aims to analyse the global flow characteristics and aerodynamic forces acting on individual components of an HSX pantograph operating in different configurations and orientations,such that the results can be combined with multibody simulations to obtain accurate dynamic insight into contact ***,computational fluid dynamics simulations are used to investigate the pantograph component loads in a representative setting,such as that of the recessed cavity on a Class 800 *** an aerodynamic perspective,this study indicates that the total drag force acting on non-fixed components of the pantograph is larger for the knuckle-leading orientation rather than the knuckle-trailing,although the difference between the two is found to reduce with increasing pantograph *** the aerodynamic loads acting on individual components with multibody tools allows for realistic dynamic insight into the pantograph *** results obtained show how considering aerodynamic forces enhance the realism of the models,leading to behaviour of the pantograph-catenary contact forces closely matching that seen in experimental tests.

关键词： Pantograph-catenary interaction Pantograph aerodynamics Computational fluid dynamics Pantograph loads Current collection performance

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Cr-assisted low-temperature densification of(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,mo)C high-entropy carbides with ultrafine grain and enhanced hardness

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journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第6期13卷 780-788页

作者： Yang Liu jiaji Liang Weiming Guo Shikuan Sun Yu Tian Hua-Tay lin School of Electromechanical Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China State Key Laboratory of High Performance Tools Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China School of material Science and Energy Engineering Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000China

While the use of low-melting-point metals as sintering aids for high-entropy carbide(HEC)ceramics has been well established,their existence can compromise hardness due to residual metallic *** study demonstrates an innovative strategy to meet this challenge,where(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,mo)C high-entropy carbide ceramics with ultrafine grains and enhanced hardness are obtained through chromium(Cr)-metal-assisted spark plasma sintering(SPS)at a temperature as low as 1600℃.The results show that the addition of 5 vol%Cr promotes the formation of highly densified single HEC phase ceramics with a high relative density(98.4%)and an ultrafine-grained microstructure(0.17μm).This low-temperature densification mechanism can be attributed to Cr’s solid-solution effect within the matrix and the increased carbon vacancies generated during *** grain size of the(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,mo)C ceramics with 5 vol%Cr metal addition is significantly smaller than that of Cr-free(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,mo)C ceramics sintered at 2000℃(3.03μm)or via traditional low-temperature liquid-phase sintering(1.3–1.5μm).Importantly,the addition of 5 vol%Cr substantially increased the hardness of the ceramics,with a remarkable increase from 23.57 to 28.16 GPa compared to that of the pure(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,mo)C ceramics,owing to the fine-grain strengthening and solid-solution strengthening *** work highlights the uniqueness of Cr metal as a sintering aid in achieving densification and hardness improvements in(Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,mo)C ceramics,offering a promising strategy for improving the properties of HEC materials for further development in the near future.

关键词： solid solution sinterability hardness enhancement (Ti,Zr,Nb,Ta,mo)C high-entropy carbide(HEC)ceramics

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Triboelectric nanogenerator integrated with a simple controlled switch for regularized water wave energy harvesting

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7585-7592页

作者： Hongbo Yang Xi Liang junwu Kan Zhong lin Wang Tao jiang Zhanyong Hong College of Engineering Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China Beijing Key Laboratory of micro-Nano Energy and Sensor Center for High-Entropy Energy and SystemsBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China The Beijing Key Laboratory for Nano-Photonics and Nano-Structure Department of PhysicsCapital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China Guangzhou Institute of Blue Energy Guangzhou 510555China Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA 30332-0245USA Yonsei Frontier Lab Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea

Ocean is full of low-frequency,irregular,and widely distributed wave energy,which is suitable as the energy source for maritime Internet of Things(IoTs).Utilizing triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)to harvest ocean wave energy and power sensors is proven to be an effective ***,in random ocean waves,the irregular electrical energy output by general TENGs restricts the *** present,achieving regularized water wave energy harvesting relies on rather complex mechanical structure designs,which is not conducive to *** this work,we proposed a novel mechanical controlled TENG(mCTENG)with a simple controlled switch to realize the regularization *** structural parameters of the mC-TENG are optimized,and the optimal output voltage,output current,and transferred charge respectively reach 1684.2 V,85.4μA,and 389.9 nC,generating a peak power density of 38.46 W·m^(−3)·Hz^(−1).Under real water wave environment,the output of the mC-TENG is regularized and keeps stable regardless of any wave ***,the potential applications of the mC-TENG are demonstrated in powering environmental temperature,humidity,and wind speed *** work renders a simple approach to achieve effective regularized ocean wave energy harvesting,promoting the TENG industrialization toward practical application of maritime IoTs.

关键词： water wave energy harvesting triboelectric nanogenerators random excitation mechanical control regular output

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A novel dandelion-based bionic proppant and its transportation mechanism in different types of fractures

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2583-2599页

作者： jun Li ming-Yi Wu Xu Han Si-Yuan He Ze-Yu lin State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Sichuan Particles Energy and Technology Co. Ltd Chongqing Industry Polytechnic College Petroleum Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science University of Regina

Low-permeability reservoirs are generally characterized by low porosity and low permeability. Obtaining high production using the traditional method is technologically challenging because it yields a low reservoir recovery factor. In recent years, hydraulic fracturing technology is widely applied for efficiently exploiting and developing low-permeability reservoirs using a low-viscosity fluid as a fracturing ***, the transportation of the proppant is inefficient in the low-viscosity fluid, and the proppant has a low piling-up height in fracture channels. These key challenges restrict the fluid(natural gas or oil) flow in fracture channels and their functional flow areas, reducing the profits of hydrocarbon *** study aimed to explore and develop a novel dandelion-bionic proppant by modifying the surface of the proppant and the fiber. Its structure was similar to that of dandelion seeds, and it had high transport and stacking efficiency in low-viscosity liquids compared with the traditional ***, the transportation efficiency of this newly developed proppant was investigated experimentally using six different types of fracture models(tortuous fracture model, rough fracture model,narrow fracture model, complex fracture model, large-scale single fracture model, and small-scale single fracture model). Experimental results indicated that, compared with the traditional proppant, the transportation efficiency and the packing area of the dandelion-based bionic proppant significantly improved in tap water or low-viscosity fluid. Compared with the traditional proppant, the dandelionbased bionic proppant had 0.1-4 times longer transportation length, 0.3-5 times higher piling-up height, and 2-10 times larger placement area. The newly developed proppant also had some other extraordinary features. The tortuosity of the fracture did not influence the transportation of the novel proppant. This proppant could easily enter the branch fracture and n

关键词： Dandelion-based bionic proppant Low-viscosity fracturing fluid Unconventional reservoir Volumetric fracturing stimulation

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