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The impact of chemotherapy-naïve open radical cystectomy delay and perioperative transfusion on the recurrence-free survival: A perioperative parameters-based nomogram

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 294-303页

作者： Ahmed m.harraz Ahmed Elkarta mohamed h.Zahran Ahmed mosbah Atallah A.Shaaban hassan Abol-Enein Urology and Nephrology Center Mansoura UniversityEgypt

Objective: To develop and internally validate a nomogram to predict recurrence-free survival (RFS) including the time to radical cystectomy (RC) and perioperative blood transfusion (PBT) as potential ***: Patients who underwent open RC and ileal conduit between January 1996 to December 2016 were split into developing (n=948) and validating (n=237) cohorts. The time to radical cystectomy (TTC) was defined as the interval between the onset of symptoms and RC. The regression coefficients of the independent predictors obtained by Cox regression were used to construct the nomogram. Discrimination, validation, and clinical usefulness in the validation cohort were assessed by the area under the curve, the calibration plot, and decision curve ***: In the developing dataset, the 1-, 5-, and 10-year RFS were 83.0%, 47.2%, and 44.4%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, independent predictors were TTC (hazards ratio [hR] 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.08, phR 1.40, 95% CI 1.03-1.90, p=0.03;two or more units: hR 1.72, 95% CI 1.29-2.29, pral hydronephrosis (hR 1.54, 95% CI 1.21-1.97, pmous cell carcinoma (hR 0.60, 95% CI 0.45-0.81, p=0.001), pT3-T4 (hR 1.77, 95% CI 1.41-2.22, pmph node status (hR 1.53, 95% CI 1.21-1.95, pmphovascular invasion (hR 1.28, 95% CI 1.01-1.62, p=0.044). The areas under the curve in the validation dataset were 79.3%, 69.6%, and 76.2%, for 1-, 5-, and 10-year RFS, respectively. Calibration plots showed considerable correspondence between predicted and actual survival probabilities. The decision curve analysis revealed a better net benefit of the ***: A nomogram with good discrimination, validation, and clinical utility was constructed utilizing TTC and PBT in addition to standard pathological criteria.

关键词： radicalcystectomy Blood transfusion Time to radical cystectomy Survival Nomogram

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Energy enhancement of laser-driven ions by radiation reaction and Breit-Wheeler pair production in the ultra-relativistic transparency regime

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high Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 60-73页

作者： Shikha Bhadoria mattias marklund Christoph h.Keitel max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik HeidelbergGermany Department of Physics University of GothenburgGöteborgSweden

The impact of radiation reaction and Breit±Wheeler pair production on the acceleration of fully ionized carbon ions driven by an intense linearly polarized laser pulse has been investigated in the ultra-relativistic transparency *** initial expectations, the radiation reaction and pair production at ultra-high laser intensities are found to enhance the energy gained by the ions. The electrons lose most of their transverse momentum, and the additionally produced pair plasma of Breit±Wheeler electrons and positrons co-streams in the forward direction as opposed to the existing electrons streaming at an angle above zero degree. We discuss how these observations could be explained by the changes in the phase velocity of the Buneman instability, which is known to aid ion acceleration in the breakout afterburner regime, by tapping the free energy in the relative electron and ion streams. We present evidence that these non-classical effects can further improve the highest carbon ion energies in this transparency regime.

关键词： ion acceleration quantum electrodynamic effects

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Bridging digital and electromagnetic realms for enhanced wireless communication: current space

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 9-10页

作者： Qammer h.Abbasi James Watt School of Engineering University of Glasgow

Digital, coding, and programmable metasurfaces have attracted widespread attention in wireless communication fields owing to their distinguished capability in manipulating electromagnetic (Em)waves [1]. metasurfaces consist of planar subwavelength meta-atoms and are a twodimensional form of metamaterials [2].These engineered surfaces can flexibly control the properties of Em waves, such as magnitude, phase, and polarization. In particular, coding metasurfaces provide a bridge between the digital world and the physical world. Accordingly, modeling and analyzing the coding metasurfaces from the perspective of information theory has become one of the most important research focuses of the scientific community [3,4].

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microstructure evolution and shape memory behaviors of Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)alloy subjected to multistep thermomechanical loading with different prestrain levels

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2024年第4期171卷 80-93页

作者： Y.h.Zhang h.Li Z.W.Yang X.Liu Q.F.Gu State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of high-Performance Precision Forming Technology and Equipment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)shape memory alloy(SmA)is a promising material in the aerospace field due to its wide transformation *** application of shape memory effect depends on multistep thermomechan-ical loading,viz.,low-temperature deformation and subsequent heating to ***-temperature deformation prestrain plays a pivotal role in shape memory properties tailoring of SmA ***,microstructure evolution and deformation mechanisms of Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)SmA subjected to vari-ous prestrain levels are still *** this end,microstructure evolution and shape memory behaviors of Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)alloy subjected to multistep thermomechanical loading with prestrain levels of 8%-16%at-28℃(m_(s)+30℃)were *** results demonstrate that the stress-strain curve of the specimen exhibits four distinct stages at a maximal prestrain of 16%.Whereas stageⅡand stageⅢend at prestrains of∼8%and∼12%,*** stageⅡ,the stress-induced martensitic transformation is accompanied by the dislocation slip of the NiTi matrix andβ-Nb *** stageⅢ,in addition to the higher density of dislocations and further growth of stress-induced martensite variants(SImVs),(001)compound twins are introduced as a result of the(001)deformation twinning in stress-induced ***{20-1}martensite twins are gradually introduced in stageⅣ.Correspondingly,after subsequent unloading and heating,a higher density of{114}austenite twins form in the specimen with a larger prestrain of 16%.With increasing prestrain from 8%to 16%,the recoverable strainε_(re)^(T)upon heating increases first and then ***ε_(re)^(T)obtains a maximum of 7.03%at 10%prestrain and de-creases to 6.17%at 16%*** increase ofε_(re)^(T)can be attributed to the formation of new SImVs,the further growth of existing SImVs,and the recoverable(001)compound *** the decrease ofε_(re)^(T)is mainly associated with the irrecoverable strain by{20−1}martensite *** effe

关键词： Ni_(47)Ti_(44)Nb_(9)shape memory alloy Wide transformation hysteresis Thermomechanical loading microstructure evolution Shape memory behaviors Stress-induced martensitic transformation Deformation twinning

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A Comprehensive Review on Charging Topologies and Power Electronic Converter Solutions for Electric Vehicles

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Journal of modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 675-694页

作者： Abdelfatah Ali hossam h.h.mousa mostafa F.Shaaban maher A.Azzouz Ahmed S.A.Awad the Department of Electrical Engineering American University of Sharjah26666 SharjahUnited Arab Emirates the Department of Electrical Engineering South Valley University83523 QenaEgypt the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WindsorWindsorON N9B 3P4 Canada Electrical Engineering Department Qatar UniversityDoha 2713Qatar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat123Oman

Electric vehicles(EVs)are becoming more popular worldwide due to environmental concerns,fuel security,and price *** performance of EVs relies on the energy stored in their batteries,which can be charged using either AC(slow)or DC(fast)***,EVs can also be used as mobile power storage devices using vehicle-to-grid(V2G)*** electronic converters(PECs)have a constructive role in EV applications,both in charging EVs and in ***,this paper comprehensively investigates the state of the art of EV charging topologies and PEC solutions for EV *** examines PECs from the point of view of their classifications,configurations,control approaches,and future research prospects and their impacts on power *** can be classified into various topologies:DC-DC converters,AC-DC converters,DC-AC converters,and AC-AC *** address the limitations of traditional DC-DC converters such as switching losses,size,and high-electromagnetic interference(EmI),resonant converters and multiport converters are being used in high-voltage EV ***,power-train converters have been modified for high-efficiency and reliability in EV *** paper offers an overview of charging topologies,PECs,challenges with solutions,and future trends in the field of the EV charging station applications.

关键词： Charging station charging topology electric vehicle power electronic converter vehicle-to-grid

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Engineering of efficient visible light photocatalysts:Ti_(1-x+y)Cu_(x)La_(y)O_(2)(x=0.03;y=0,0.005,0.01) compositions

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Journal of rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 497-505,I0003页

作者： S.m.Yakout A.m.Youssef Inorganic Chemistry Department National Research Centre(NRC)El Buhouth StDokkiCairo12622Egypt

In dye-photocatalysis, widening the wavelengths absorption range of catalysts as well as aborting the recombination of the photoexcited charge carriers(electrons-holes pairs) are of paramount *** the current study, we report the photocatalytic characteristics of four compositions composed of TiO_(2),Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2), Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders for two harmful dyes(Congo red and methylene blue). The X-ray diffraction technique verified the configuration of mixed anatase and rutile phases in pure TiO_(2)and Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2)powders while Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders possess anatase phase only. The changes of the band gap structure and dimensions of the unit cell volume of TiO_(2)confirm the substitution of Ti^(4+)sites by Cu^(2+)and La^(3+)ions. Remarkable widening of wavelengths absorption with formation of long absorption tails were found in TiO_(2)(3.13 e V) through insertion of La^(3+)plus Cu^(2+)ions. Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)samples exhibit a visible light band gap of 2.3 and 2.7 e V, respectively. Based on SEm images, incorporation of Cu^(2+)and La^(3+)ions influences the surface morphology of TiO_(2). The resulting Ti_(0.97)Cu_(0.03)O_(2), Ti_(0.965)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.005)O_(2)and Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)powders present enhanced photocatalytic activity towards Congo red dye degradation compared to pure one under natural solar spectrum. The best Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)catalyst exhibits superior photocatalytic activity of 96% for 10 ppm CR dye in 20 min as well as above average photocatalytic efficiency of 63% for 30 ppm CR dye in 120 min. As well, it showed acceptable photodegradation activity of 52% for 30 ppm mB solution in 140 min of sunlight irradiation. The heightened photodegradation efficiency of Ti_(0.96)Cu_(0.03)La_(0.01)O_(2)catalyst can be clarified in terms of higher ch

关键词： Semiconductor TiO_(2) rare earths Congo red methylene blue Solar spectrum Photodegradation

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Optimizing Average Electric Power During the Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries Through the Taguchi method

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第2期30卷 152-166页

作者： mohd h.S.Alrashdan Department of Electrical Engineering Al-Hussein Bin Talal UniversityMaan 71110Jordan

In recent times, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used owing to their high energy density, extended cycle lifespan, and minimal self-discharge rate. The design of high-speed rechargeable lithium-ion batteries faces a significant challenge owing to the need to increase average electric power during charging. This challenge results from the direct influence of the power level on the rate of chemical reactions occurring in the battery electrodes. In this study, the Taguchi optimization method was used to enhance the average electric power during the charging process of lithium-ion batteries. The Taguchi technique is a statistical strategy that facilitates the systematic and efficient evaluation of numerous experimental variables. The proposed method involved varying seven input factors, including positive electrode thickness, positive electrode material, positive electrode active material volume fraction, negative electrode active material volume fraction, separator thickness, positive current collector thickness, and negative current collector thickness. Three levels were assigned to each control factor to identify the optimal conditions and maximize the average electric power during charging. moreover, a variance assessment analysis was conducted to validate the results obtained from the Taguchi analysis. The results revealed that the Taguchi method was an eff ective approach for optimizing the average electric power during the charging of lithium-ion batteries. This indicates that the positive electrode material, followed by the separator thickness and the negative electrode active material volume fraction, was key factors significantly infl uencing the average electric power during the charging of lithium-ion batteries response. The identification of optimal conditions resulted in the improved performance of lithium-ion batteries, extending their potential in various applications. Particularly, lithium-ion batteries with average electric power of 16 W and 17

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Average electric power during charging Taguchi method COmSOL multiphysics software C rate L27 orthogonal array

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Prospect Theory Based Individual Irrationality modelling and Behavior Inducement in Pandemic Control

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第7期140卷 139-170页

作者： Wenxiang Dong h.Vicky Zhao Department of Automation BNRistTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Understanding and modeling individuals’behaviors during epidemics is crucial for effective epidemic ***,existing research ignores the impact of users’irrationality on decision-making in the ***,existing disease control methods often assume users’full compliance with measures like mandatory isolation,which does not align with the actual *** address these issues,this paper proposes a prospect theorybased framework to model users’decision-making process in epidemics and analyzes how irrationality affects individuals’behaviors and epidemic *** to the analysis results,irrationality tends to prompt conservative behaviors when the infection risk is low but encourages risk-seeking behaviors when the risk is ***,this paper proposes a behavior inducement algorithm to guide individuals’behaviors and control the spread of *** and real user tests validate our analysis,and simulation results show that the proposed behavior inducement algorithm can effectively guide individuals’behavior.

关键词： Disease spread behavior model irrationality prospect theory

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rational design of AgGaS/ZnS/ZnS quantum dots with a near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield via double shelling scheme

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 235-242页

作者： h.X.Lu h.Liu Z.Z.Fu Y.Y.Chen h.Q.Dai Z.hu W.L.Zhang R.Q.Guo Institute for Electric Light Sources School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Institute of Future Lighting Academy for Engineering and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University YiwuZhejiang 322000China Zhongshan-Fudan Joint Innovation Center Zhongshan 528437China

In this study,a two-step method was used to synthesize highly luminescent AgGaS/ZnS/ZnS quantum dots(QDs).In the first step,an inner ZnS shell was formed via a one-pot method,which resulted in a smaller lattice mismatch between the AgGaS core and the outer ZnS shell,thereby facilitating the formation of a thick outer *** the two-step shelling process,the synthesized AgGaS/ZnS/ZnS QDs showed an excellent photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)of 96.4%with a peak wavelength of 508 nm,repre-senting the highest PLQY reported thus far for AgGaS ***,the effect of halogen ions in Zn precursors on the shelling process was *** was proposed that the capacity of halogen ions to coordinate with the QDs influenced the balance between Zn cation diffusion and ZnS shelling ***,the ZnS shelling reaction was dominant when ZnCl_(2)was employed,while Zn cation diffusion was the dominant process under the I^(−)-rich *** work provides insights into the interfacial restructuring during the ZnS shelling and offers a clear map for the tailored synthesis of core/shell QDs.

关键词： AgGaS Quantum dots Photoluminescence Core/shell Alloyed core/shell interface

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Nonlinear dynamic modeling of planar moving Timoshenko beam considering non-rigid non-elastic axial effects

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 479-496页

作者： m.ABBASI GAVARI m.R.hOmAEINEZhAD Faculty of mechanical Engineering K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehran 19991-43344Iran

Due to the importance of vibration effects on the functional accuracy of mechanical systems,this research aims to develop a precise model of a nonlinearly vibrating single-link mobile flexible *** manipulator consists of an elastic arm,a rotary motor,and a rigid carrier,and undergoes general in-plane rigid body motion along with elastic transverse *** accurately model the elastic behavior,Timoshenko’s beam theory is used to describe the flexible arm,which accounts for rotary inertia and shear deformation *** applying Newton’s second law,the nonlinear governing equations of motion for the manipulator are derived as a coupled system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs)and partial differential equations(PDEs).Then,the assumed mode method(Amm)is used to solve this nonlinear system of governing equations with appropriate shape *** assumed modes can be obtained after solving the characteristic equation of a Timoshenko beam with clamped boundary conditions at one end and an attached mass/inertia at the *** addition,the effect of the transverse vibration of the inextensible arm on its axial behavior is *** the axial rigidity,the effect makes the rigid body dynamics invalid for the axial behavior of the ***,numerical simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the developed model,and the results are compared with those obtained by the finite element *** comparison confirms the validity of the proposed dynamic model for the *** to the mentioned features,this model can be reliable for investigating the system’s vibrational behavior and implementing vibration control algorithms.

关键词： planar moving Timoshenko beam non-rigid non-elastic axial effect as-sumed mode method(Amm) nonlinear motion analysis

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