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Identifying the validity domain of machine learning models in building energy systems

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 328-341页

作者： martin Rätz Patrick Henkel Phillip Stoffel Rita Streblow Dirk müller RWTH Aachen University E.ON Energy Research CenterInstitute for Energy Efficient Buildings and Indoor ClimateMathieustraβe 10Aachen52074Germany

The building sector significantly contributes to climate *** improve its carbon footprint,applications like model predictive control and predictive maintenance rely on system ***,the high modeling effort hinders practical *** learning models can significantly reduce this modeling *** ensure a machine learning model’s reliability in all operating states,it is essential to know its validity *** states outside the validity domain m.ght lead to extrapolation,resulting in unpredictable *** paper addresses the challenge of identifying extrapolation in data-driven building energy system models and aims to raise knowledge about *** that,a novel approach is proposed that calibrates novelty detection algorithms towards the machine learning *** novelty detection algorithms are identified through a literature review and a benchmark test with 15 candidates.A subset of five algorithms is then evaluated on building energy ***,on two-dimensional data,displaying the results with a novel visualization *** on more complex multi-dimensional use *** methodology performs well,and the validity domain could be *** visualization allows for a profound analysis and an improved understanding of the fundamental effects behind a machine learning model’s validity domain and the extrapolation regimes.

关键词： Extrapolation detection Validity domain Novelty detection machine learning Artificial neural network Data-driven model predictive control Building energy systems

儿童哮喘的诊断和治疗:PRACTALL共识报告(待续)

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中华临床免疫和变态反应杂志 2009年第3期3卷 229-236页

作者： L.B.Bacharier A.Boner K.-H.Carlsen P.A.Eigenmann T.Frischer m.gtz P.J.Helms J.Hunt N.Papadopoulos T.Platts-mills P.Pohunek F.E.R.Simons E.Valovirta U.Wahn J.Wildhaber 青曼丽尹佳 The European Pediatric Asthma group 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院变态反应科

在多数工业化国家,哮喘是儿童慢性病中居于首位的疾病。然而,目前儿童哮喘的某些特殊方面,包括治疗策略的证据仍然有限,还没有最新的国际儿童哮喘指南。因此,欧洲变态反应及临床免疫学会(European Academy of Allergology and Clinical ... 详细信息

在多数工业化国家,哮喘是儿童慢性病中居于首位的疾病。然而,目前儿童哮喘的某些特殊方面,包括治疗策略的证据仍然有限,还没有最新的国际儿童哮喘指南。因此,欧洲变态反应及临床免疫学会(European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology,EAACI)和美国变态反应、哮喘及免疫学会(American Academy of Allergy,Asthma and Immunology,AAAAI)组成的专家组对此问题进行讨论后达成共识,并以此共识作为欧洲和北美的临床操作指南。该协议在某些策略上做出推荐,包括药物治疗、变应原以及诱因的避免和哮喘教育。该报告是PRACTALL共识报告的一部分,并被上述学会采用。

关键词：诊断教育指南监测儿童哮喘治疗

儿童哮喘的诊断和治疗：PRACTALL共识报告（续完）

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中华临床免疫和变态反应杂志 2009年第4期3卷 303-315页

作者： L.B.Bacharier A.Boner K.-H.Carlsen P.A.Eigenmann T.Frischer m.g(o)tz P.J.Helms J.Hunt A.Liu N.Papadopoulos T.Platts-mills P.Pohunek F.E.R.Simons E.Valovirta U.Wahn J.Wildhaber 青曼丽 The European Pediatric Asthma group 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院变态反应科

哮喘管理应该包括全面的治疗计划，包括避免气传变应原及刺激性诱因（如有可能），恰当的药物治疗及对患儿、家长和看护人员的哮喘教育。对有些患者，变应原特异性免疫治疗可能是有益的。

关键词：儿童哮喘治疗计划特异性免疫治疗气传变应原诊断药物治疗哮喘教育刺激性

胶质瘤的放射学分析:一种对于病人生存率的影像学预测,较既定的临床及放射风险模型有更好的效果

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国际医学放射学杂志 2016年第6期 682-682页

作者： P.Kickingereder S.Burth A.Wick m.g?tz O.Eidel H.P.Schlemmer 王浩宇 Department of Neuroradiology University of Heidelberg Medical Center

摘要目的评价基于mR影像的放射学特征评估对于新确诊胶质瘤病人的生存率预测是否有更高的准确性,并与已经确诊的临床及放射学风险模型对比。方法数据的回顾

关键词：胶质瘤生存率病人 PFS 胶质瘤病 SPC 放射学风险模型 IBS

Counting and measuring particles sized from soot to pollen

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China Particuology 2007年第5期5卷 359-361页

作者： martin Schmidt Sven Schütz Leander mlter Palas gmbH Greschbachstr. 3b76229 KarlsruheGermany

For number concentration measurements of superfine particles a condensation nucleus counter （CNC） is frequently used. The combination of a new CNC module with a white light aerosol spectrometer and a passive collector makes possible accurate time-resolved determination of particle number within the overall size range of 10 nm to 40 μm and at concentrations up to 10^5 particles/cm^3. With the aerosol spectrometer a high time-resolved particle size determination is also possible in the size range of 0.3-40 μm up to the same high number concentrations of 10^5 particles/cm^3.

关键词： CNC Particles Size

generation of polarized electron beams through self-injection in the interaction of a laser with a pre-polarized plasma

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 62-68页

作者： L.R.Yin X.F.Li Y.J.gu N.Cao Q.Kong m.Büscher S.m.Weng m.Chen Z.m.Sheng Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(moE) Institute of Modern PhysicsDepartment of Nuclear Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina SANKEN(Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research) Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Sichuan Research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChengduChina Peter grünberg Institut(PgI-6) Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany Institut für Laser-und Plasmaphysik Heinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas(moE) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Polarized electron beam production via laser wakefield acceleration in pre-polarized plasma is investigated by particlein-cell *** evolution of the electron beam polarization is studied based on the Thomas±Bargmann±michel±Telegdi equation for the transverse and longitudinal self-injection,and the depolarization process is found to be influenced by the injection *** the case of transverse self-injection,as found typically in the bubble regime,the spin precession of the accelerated electrons is mainly influenced by the ***,in the case of longitudinal injection in the quasi-1D regime(for example,*** et al.,***.110,135002(2013)),the direction of electron spin oscillates in the laser *** the electrons move around the laser axis,the net influence of the laser field is nearly zero and the contribution of the wakefield can be ***,an ultra-short electron beam with polarization of 99%can be obtained using longitudinal self-injection.

关键词： laser wakefield acceleration longitudinal self-injection particle-in-cell simulation polarized electron beam

TIPSS for variceal hemorrhage after living related liver transplantation:A dangerous indication

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2006年第3期12卷 493-495页

作者： Peter Schemmer Boris Radeleff Christa Flechtenmacher Arianeb mehrabi gtz m Richter markus W Büchler Jan Schmidt Department of general Surgery Ruprecht-KarlsUniversity69120 HeidelbergGermany Department of RadiologyRuprecht-Karls-University69120 HeidelbergGermany Department of PathologyRuprechtKarls-University69120 HeidelbergGermany

The introduction of transjugular intrahepatic portalsystemic stent-shunt （TIPSS） has been a major breakthrough in the treatment of portal hypertension, which has evolved to a large extent, into a routine procedure. A 21-year-old male patient with progressive graft fibrosis/cirrhosis requiring TIPSS for variceal hemorrhage in the esophagus due to portal hypertension was unresponsive to conventional measures two years after living related liver transplantation （LDLT）. Subsequently, variceal hemorrhage was controlled, however, liver function decreased dramatically with consecutive multi organ failure. CT scan revealed substantial necrosis in the liver. The patient underwent successful ＂high urgent＂ cadaveric liver transplantation and was discharged on postoperative d 20 in a stable condition.

关键词： Portal hypertension Liver necrosis Fibrosis Cirrhosis

Effect of cholecystokinin and secretin on contractile activity of isolated gastric muscle strips in guinea pigs

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2000年第1期6卷 93-95页

作者： Li W Zheng tz Qu SY Department of Physiology Lanzhou Medical CollegeLanzhou 730000Gansu ProvinceChina

AIm To study the effect of cholecystokinin-octapeptide（CCK-8）and secretin on contractileactivity of isolated gastric muscle strips inguinea *** Each isolated gastric muscle stripwas suspended in a tissue chamber containing5 mL Krebs solution constantly warmed by waterjacked at 37℃ and supplied with a mixed gas of95% O2 and 5% CO2 After incubating for lhunder 1 g tension,varied concentrations of CCK-8 and secretin were added respectively in thetissue chamber and the contractile response wasmeasured isometrically on ink-writing *** CCK-8 could increase①all regionalcircular and longitudinal muscular tension at rest（fundus Lm 19.7%±2.1%,Pm16.7%±2.2%,Pgastric body Lm 16.8%±2.3%,Pm 12.7%±2.6%,Pm Lm 12.3%±1.3%,Pm Cm 16.7%±4.5%,Pm12.7%±5.0%,Pm,both Lm and Cm ofantrum and pylorus Cm（5.1/min±0.2/min to5.6/min±0.2/min,5.9/min±0.2/min to 6.6/min±0.l/min,5.4/min±0.3/min to 6.3/min±0.4/rain,1.3/min±0.2/min to 2.3/min±0.3/min,respectively,Pmean contractileamplitude of antral circular muscle（58.6%±18.4%,Pmotility index ofpylorus Cm（145.0%±23.8%,Pmean contractile amplitude ofgastric body and antral Lm（-10.3%±3.3%,-10.5%±4.6%,respectively,Pgastricsmooth muscle *** CCK-8 possessed bothexcitatory and inhibitory action on contractileactivity of different regions of stomach in *** action was not mediated via cholinergicm receptor and endogenous prostagiandinreceptor,

关键词： Subject headings gastric muscle strips cholecystokinin secretin guinea pigs

400 μm stripe lasers for high-power fiber coupled pump modules

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2013年第1期1卷 60-67页

作者： Ren Platz gtz Erbert Wolfgang Pittroff moritz malchus Klaus Vogel gnther Trnkle Ferdinand-Braun-Institut Leibniz-Institut fr Hchstfrequenztechnik Gustav-Kirchhoff-Stra e 412489 BerlinGermany University of Applied Sciences munich Lothstra e 34 80335 MunichGermany

We present a 940 nm quasi-continuous wave semiconductor laser designed as a building block for high-power fiber coupled pump *** laser comprises a 400μm narrow-stripe array mounted on an aluminum nitride substrate using hard *** chip has been optimized for high optical power and low lateral far-field *** vertical and six lateral structure variations have been investigated to determine the best achievable *** at 1 ms pulse width and a repetition rate of 10 Hz,the laser device reaches a maximum pulse power of 86 W from a 400μm aperture and more than 62%maximum conversion *** lateral far-field angles(95%power enclosed)of11.5 and 13.5,depending on the epitaxial design,enable efficient multimode fiber *** potential for highly reliable applications has been demonstrated.

关键词： diode laser high-power laser array optical fiber coupling