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Indexing habitat suitability and human-elephant conflicts using GIS-mCdA in a human-dominated landscape

Geography and Sustainability 2023年第4期4卷 343-355页

作者： W.k.N.C.Withanage m.d.k.l.gunathilaka Prabuddh kumar mishra W.m.d.C.Wijesinghe Sumita Tripathi department of Geography Faculty of Humanities and Social SciencesUniversity of Ruhun1Matara 81000Sri Lanka department of Geographical Information Science School of Geographical SciencesSouthwest UniversityBebei DistrictChongqing 400715China department of Geography University of ColomboColombo 300300Sri Lanka department of Geography Shivaji CollegeUniversity of DelhiNew Delhi 110027India department of Environment Studies Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri National Sanskrit UniversityNew Delhi 110016India

Concerns for biodiversity loss, wildlife conservation, and habitat destruction have dominated the policy agenda worldwide for decades. Unsustainable human-induced development and negative interaction between humans and wildlife have emerged as predominant issues globally. The present study deals with human and elephant conflicts (HEC) in the Polpitigama divisional Secretariat, Sri lanka, which is located in the kahalla-Pallekele elephant corridor and connects Wilpattu and kaudulla wildlife sanctuaries. The research objectives are identifying spatial patterns of elephant habitat suitability and probable risk zones for HEC. The elephant habitat suitability and HEC risk zones were identified on spatial and temporal scales using Geographic Information System integrating multi-Criteria decision Analysis. different factors, including habitat suitability, distance to roads, distance to croplands, distance to forests and protected areas, settlements, and population density, were considered to determine HEC risk zones in the area. Topography, water, and vegetation criteria are considered when determining elephant habitat suitability. The results of the Analytic Hierarchy Process run the spatially explicit model. The results revealed that of the total area, 15.3% is very highly suitable for elephant habitats, while the least suitable areas contribute only 4%. About 33.8% of the area is moderately suitable for elephants. The risk map indicates that 23.7% of the total area is under very high risk for HEC, and the least risk areas only account for 5.4%. About 26.2% of the area falls under the moderate risk zone for HEC. Since the model considered three aspects of HEC, it will help policymakers in wildlife conservation to avoid and minimize the HEC.

关键词： Analytic hierarchy process Geographic information system Human-elephant conflict multi-criteria decision analysis Polpitigama

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Nickel sulfate solution fluoride separation with hydrous zirconium oxide

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Tungsten 2024年第2期6卷 367-381页

作者： Elbert m.Nigri Ummul k.Sultana André l.A.Santos James W.Vaughan Sonia d.F.Rocha department of mining Engineering Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 31270-901Brazil School of Chemical Engineering University of QueenslandSt Lucia 4072Australia

Fluoride is an impurity in nickel sulfate production,which is required for electric vehicle *** zirconium oxide(HZO)was evaluated for removing fl uoride from nickel sulfate *** fluoride removal occurred at pH value 4 and optimal pH value is 4–5,considering Zr *** availability decreases with pH due to hydrogen fluoride and zirconium fluoride aqueous *** removal is initially rapid,with 50 wt.%removal in 7 min,followed by slow removal up to 68 wt.%after 72 h and follows second order rate *** removal was dominated by an ion exchange mechanism and resulting Zr–F bonds were observed using Fourier-transform infrared *** presence of nickel sulfate decreased loading capacity compared to a salt-free *** maintained adsorption capacity through five cycles of loading and regeneration.

关键词： Hydrous zirconium oxide Nickel sulfate Fluoride Adsorption Anion exchange

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Effect of Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles on bioactivity,composition,structure,in vitro and in vivo behavior of PEO coatings on mg-alloy

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2360-2379页

作者： d.V.mashtalyar I.m.Imshinetskiy V.V.kashepa k.V.Nadaraia m.A.Piatkova A.I.Pleshkova k.A.Fomenko A.Yu.Ustinov S.l.Sinebryukhov S.V.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry Far Eastern BranchRussian Academy of SciencesVladivostok690022Russia Far Eastern Federal University Vladivostok690950Russia Regional Clinical dermatovenerological dispensary Vladivostok690033Russia

The present study investigates the physical and chemical characteristics,behavior in vitro and in vivo,and biocompatibility of coatings containing Ta_(2)O_(5),which are obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)on mA8 magnesium *** obtained coatings demonstrate in vivo biocompatibility and in vitro *** to the base PEO coating,the layers containing Ta_(2)O_(5)facilitate the development of apatite in simulated body fluid,suggesting that the inclusion of nanoparticles improves bioactivity of the *** was found that incorporation of Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles increases roughness and porosity of the formed layers by increasing particle concentration in electrolytes for the PEO process contributing to sufficient soft tissue ingrowth in *** on in vivo studies,these coatings also provide favorable tissue response and minimal inflammatory reaction in comparison with the bare magnesium alloy due to protection of living tissues from deleterious corrosion events of magnesium implant such as local alkalization and intense hydrogen *** results obtained in the present study concluded biocompatibility,tissue integration of the PEO coatings containing Ta_(2)O_(5)nanoparticles making them a promising protective layer for biodegradable magnesium implants.

关键词： Plasma electrolytic oxidation Bioactive coatings Tantalum pentoxide Simulated body fluid(SBF) Apatite formation Histology

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Radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

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matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： m.R.d.Rodrigues A.Bonasera m.Scisciò J.A.Pérez-Hernández m.Ehret F.Filippi P.l.Andreoli m.Huault H.larreur d.Singappuli d.molloy d.Raffestin m.Alonzo G.G.Rapisarda d.lattuada G.l.Guardo C.Verona Fe.Consoli G.Petringa A.mcNamee m.la Cognata S.Palmerini T.Carriere m.Cipriani G.di Giorgio G.Cristofari R.de Angelis G.A.P.Cirrone d.margarone l.Giuffrida d.Batani P.Nicolai k.Batani R.lera l.Volpe d.Giulietti S.Agarwal m.krupka S.Singh Fa.Consoli Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA laboratori Nazionali del Sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de láseres Pulsados(clpu) VillamayorSpain Universidad de Salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre lasers Intenses et Applications(CElIA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance HB11 Energy Holdings Pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia School of mathematics and Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“E.majorana ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi Ingegneria e Architettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly ElI Beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic ETSIA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain dipartimento Fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–Institute of Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of Czech Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic

The discovery of chirped pulse amplification has led to great improvements in laser technology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compressed to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focused to a few *** with energies of tens of meV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sheath acceleration and focused on secondary *** such conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with the production of radioisotopes suitable for medical *** use of high-repetition lasers to produce such isotopes is competitive with conventional methods mostly based on *** this paper,we study the production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,which are currently used in positron emission tomography and other *** the same time,we study the reactions^(10)B(p,α)^(7)Be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)Ga to put further constraints on the proton distributions at different angles,as well as the reaction^(11)B(p,α)^(8)Be relevant for energy *** experiment was performed at the 1 PW laser facility at VegaⅢin Salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in the forward(with respect to the laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a high purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with numerical estimates obtained following the approach of kimura and Bonasera[*** ***.,Sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estimates backward

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Process engineering of demineralisation of moderate to high ash Indian coals through NaOH‑HCl leaching and HF leaching

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第2期11卷 111-122页

作者： Heena dhawan d.k.Sharma ANRF Ministry of ScienceNew DelhiIndia department of Energy Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India

Chemical leaching of coals would be required to produce cleaner coals for some special applications where physical benefi-ciation may not be effective *** would also help in recovering li and rare earth metals besides in the sequestration of CO_(2).About 20 Indian coals having complexly distributed moderate to high ash contents were sequentially treated with various alkali–acid such as NaOH-HCl,HF,HCl,HCl-HF,and NaOH-HCl-HF *** aimed to establish and design the best stepwise sequential process for the highest degree of demineralisation through a chemical leaching *** and process intensification studies were carried *** than 80%demineralisation of madhaipur and Neemcha coals was observed using the best sequential treatment designed *** repeated stepwise treatment of the alkali and the acid was also studied,which was found to significantly enhance the degree of demineralisation of *** integrated process of alkali–acid leaching followed by solvent extraction(Organo-refining)and vice versa of the treated coal was also studied for producing cleaner coals.

关键词： Alkali–acid leaching demineralisation Integrated process Rare earth elements

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Assessing the biennial conference on science and technology(BICOST IX)2023 technical output on renewable energy,energy storage,and green hydrogen in line with UN SdG commitments

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Clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 85-88页

作者： S.k.B.d.Silva k.G.d.Piyumali Rasitha Thilini Suranjana Perera k.d.k.G.kaluarachchi Thilini munagamage R.m.R.Ahammed C.S.P.Piyankarage Seyed Shahmy Veranja karunaratne National Science and Technology Commission of Sri lanka ColomboSri Lanka Sri lanka Technological Campus(SlTC) PadukkaSri Lanka University of Peradeniya PeradeniyaSri Lanka

The development,production and utilization of renewable energy,energy storage and green hydrogen and the associated technologies in Sri lanka have great potential to contribute to the United Nations’Sustainable development Goals(SdGs).The island aims to achieve 70%electricity generation from renewable energy sources by 2030(within the target of 40%utilization of renewable energy sources for the entire energy generation of the country by 2030).The power sector has to invest US$11 billion from 2023 to 2030 to contribute to reaching this *** commentary aims to provide a critical perspective on the recommendations of the report from the National Science and Technology Commission’s 9th biennial conference in 2023 on science and technology,the sub-thematic technical report on clean energy,energy storage and green hydrogen in line with the SdGs in the Sri lankan *** technical report provides insightful recommendations for Sri lanka’s energy sector under three main sections:renewable energy,energy storage and green ***,it explores the potential of various renewable energy sources,energy storage systems and green hydrogen as sustainable solutions to address the country’s energy challenges while emphasizing the spillover effects of them,which could contribute to the enterprise’s job creation and uplift the economy.

关键词： renewable energy energy storage green hydrogen sustainable development goals Sri lanka social economic environmental sustainable affordable

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Antibacterial HA-coatings on bioresorbable mg alloy

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1965-1985页

作者： k.V.Nadaraia d.V.mashtalyar m.A.Piatkova A.I.Pleshkova I.m.Imshinetskiy m.S.Gerasimenko E.A.Belov V.V.kumeiko d.N.kozyrev k.A.Fomenko V.V.mostovaya B.R.Torpanov A.R.Biktimirov I.S.Osmushko S.l.Sinebryukhov S.V.Gnedenkov Institute of Chemistry FEB RAS 159 Pr.100-letiya VladivostokaVladivostok 690022Russia Far Eastern Federal University 10 Ajax BayRussky IslandVladivostok 690922Russia A.V.Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of marine Biology FEB RAS 17 St.PalchevskogoVladivostok 690041Russia Regional Clinical dermatovenerological dispensary 18 V St.GamarnikaVladivostok 690033Russia NmIC“Treatment and Rehabilitation Center” 3 Ivankovskoe highwayMoscow 125367Russia

In this study,a calcium-phosphate coating was formed on a mg-mn-Ce alloy by the plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO).The antibiotic vancomycin,widely used in the treatment of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus(***),was impregnated into the *** with vancomycin showed high bactericidal activity against *** mechanical and electrochemical properties of the formed coatings were studied,as well as in vitro cytotoxicity tests and in vivo tests on mature male rats were *** to SEm,EdS,XRd and XPS data,coatings had a developed morphology and contained hydroxyapatite,which indicates high *** analysis of roughness of coatings without and with vancomycin did not reveal any differences,confirming the high roughness of the *** electrochemical tests,an increase in corrosion resistance by more than two times after the application of PEO coatings was *** to the results of an in vivo study,after 28 days of the implantation of samples with calcium phosphate PEO coating and vancomycin,no signs of inflammation were observed,while an inflammatory reaction developed in the area of implantation of bare alloy,followed by *** release tests from the coatings show a sharp decrease in the concentration of the released antibiotic on day 7 and then a gradual decrease until day *** the experiment,no significant deviations in the condition and behavior of the animals were observed;clinical tests did not reveal a systemic toxic reaction.

关键词： Bioactive coatings Biocompatibility mg alloy Plasma electrolytic oxidation Hydroxyapatite Vancomycin

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On calculating glacial isostatic adjustment

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第5期15卷 441-452页

作者： l.m.Cathles Cornell University IthacaNY 14853USA

modeling the earth's fluid and elastic response to the melting of the glaciers of the last ice age is the most direct way to infer the earth's radial viscosity ***,we compare two methods for calculating the viscoelastic response to surface *** one,the elastic equation of motion is converted to a viscoelastic equation using the Correspondence *** the other,elastic deformation is added to the viscous flow as isostatic adjustment *** two modeling methods predict adjustment histories that are different enough to potentially impact the interpretation of the observed glacial isostatic adjustment(GIA).The differences arise from buoyancy and whether fluid displacements are subjected to hydrostatic *** methods agree if they use the same equations and boundary *** origin of the differences is determined by varying the boundary conditions and pre-stress application.

关键词： Glacial isostatic adjustment Viscoelastic normal modes Hydrostatic pre-stress Elastic buoyancy Correspondence principle

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Empirical model for fusion cross sections of Ca-induced reactions

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 126-132页

作者： Reddi Rani.l N.Sowmya k.N Sridhar H C.manjunatha m.m.Armstrong Arasu department of Physics St.Joseph's College(Autonomous)Affiliated to Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli620002TNIndia department of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeChikkaballapur-562101KarnatakaIndia department of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeMalur-563160KarnatakaIndia department of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeDevanahalli-562110KarnatakaIndia

A new empirical formula for the astrophysical S-factor has been suggested as a function of the Coulomb interaction parameter,center of mass energy,and barrier *** 22 fusion reactions with ^(40,48)Ca as projectiles were considered for different targets,leading to compound nuclei with atomic and mass numbers varying between 40≤Z≤≤Z≤112 and 88≤A≤27888≤A≤278,*** fusion cross-sections have been estimated using the geometric factor,the Gamow-Sommerfield factor,and the empirical formula for the *** study's findings showed better agreement with those of available experiments when compared to Wong's *** present work leads to a smaller standard deviation value than Wong's formula when used to correlate the experimental data of calcium-induced fusion ***'s formula provides a good approximation of fusion cross-sections when the center of mass energy is below the fusion barrier when compared to above the fusion barrier.

关键词： fusion cross-sections Wong formula Gamow-Sommerfield-factor Geometric-factor S-factor

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In vivo and in vitro study of resorbable magnesium wires for medical implants:mg purity,surface quality,Zn alloying and polymer coating

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2472-2488页

作者： k.Tesar J.luňácková m.Jex m.Žaloudková R.Vrbová m.Bartoš P.klein l.Vištejnová J.dušková E.Filová Z.Sucharda m.Steinerová S.Habr k.Balík A.Singh department of materials Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueTrojanova 13Prague 12000Czech Republic Institute of Physics Czech Academy of SciencesNa Slovance 2Prague 18221Czech Republic Institute of dental medicine First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueKaterinská32Prague 12801Czech Republic department of Physics Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueBrehová7Prague 11519Czech Republic department of Composites and Carbon materials Institute of Rock Structure and MechanicsCzech Academy of SciencesV Holešovickách 41Prague 18209Czech Republic Institute of Anatomy First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityU Nemocnice 3Prague 12800Czech Republic Biomedical Center Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 76Pilsen 32300Czech Republic department of Pathological Physiology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic department of Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic Institute of Pathology First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueStudnickova 2Prague 12800Czech Republic department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Institute of PhysiologyCzech Academy of SciencesVidenska 1083Prague 14200Czech Republic Research Center for Structural materials National Institute for Materials Science1-2-1 SengenTsukuba 305-0047Japan

magnesium is an excellent material in terms of biocompatibility and its corrosion products can serve as an active source for new bone ***,localized corrosion and H_(2)generation limit the potential of mg-based *** low-alloyed mg-Zn wires can strongly reduce problems with large H_(2)bubbles and improve the mechanical properties considerably while maintaining excellent long-term *** pickling and a polymer coating can be effectively used to lower the rate of in vivo *** this work,microstructural,mechanical,and in vitro characterization of 250μm and 300μm extruded wires made from ultra-pure mg,commercially pure mg,mg-0.15Zn,mg-0.4Zn and mg-1Zn was ***,mg-0.4Zn wires together with a variant coated with a copolymer of l-lactide andε-caprolactone were tested in vivo on artificially damaged Wistar rat *** on the observed mg-induced osteogenesis,polymer-coated mg wires with a small addition of Zn are a perspective material for bone-support applications,such as cerclage and fixation wires.

关键词： magnesium Resorbable mg wire mg-Zn implant degradation Biocompatibility study Zn grain boundary segregation

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