检索结果-南通市图书馆

more abundant and healthier meat:will the mSTN editing epitome empower the commercialization of gene editing in livestock?

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science China(Life Sciences) 2022年第2期65卷 448-450页

作者： Xiaolong Wang björn Petersen Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712110China Institute of Farm Animal Genetics Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute(FLI)Mariensee 31535Germany

In recent years,various gene-edited crops and livestock have been developed to find rapid and unconventional solutions to boost agriculture,animal breeding,environmental sustain-ability,and animal welfare.In the animal production field,significant gene-edited livestock with economic beneficial traits,like the mSTN-edited double muscles,can be com-mercialized on a large scale to benefit more people with real need.Nutritional demand for animal proteins increases an-nually with improvement of living conditions in modern societies and developing countries.Additionally,the number of people with special needs for healthier meat(with high-protein and low-fat)is growing(e.g.,elderly patients with cardio/cerebrovascular diseases).With steady global en-vironmental deterioration,increasing human population,growing food demand,continuous disease outbreaks,and concerns regarding animal welfare。

关键词： abundant crops breeding

CD74:a prospective marker for reactive microglia?

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2673-2674页

作者： Phani Sankar Potru björn Spittau Anatomy and Cell Biology Medical School OWLBielefeld UniversityBielefeldGermany(Potru PS)Faculty of BiologyBielefeld UniversityBielefeldGermany

Cluster of differentiation 74(CD74),also called as major histocompatibility complex class Ⅱ(mHCⅡ)invariant chain,is involved in trafficking mHCⅡ cell surface molecules on antigen-presenting cells and has been implicated in many signaling pathways.For example,the interaction between CD74 and macrophage migration inhibitory factor cyto kine(mIF) leads to the activation of a plethora of pathways such as extracellular regulated protein kinases,phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

关键词： CD74 prospective mHCⅡ

Norwegian oil and gas storage in rock caverns-Technology based on experience from hydropower development

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Rock mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第2期13卷 479-486页

作者： bjørn Nilsen Department of Geoscience and Petroleum Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)TrondheimNorway

Underground storage in rock caverns is widely used in Norway for many different petroleum products,such as crude oil,fuel,propane and butane.Basically,the caverns for such storages are unlined,i.***.containment is ensured without using any steel lining or membrane.The main basis for the storage technology originates from the extensive hydropower development in Norway.As part of this activity,about 4500 km of tunnels and shafts have been excavated,and around 200 large powerhouse caverns have been constructed.The hydropower tunnels are mainly unlined,with hydrostatic water pressure on unlined rock of up to 1000 m.Some of the projects also include air cushion chambers with volumes of up to 1×10^(5)m^(3)and air pressure up to 7.7 mPa.many lessons which are valuable also for underground oil and gas storage have been learnt from these projects.For a storage project to become successful,systematic,well planned design and ground investigation procedures are crucial.The main steps of the design procedure are first to define the optimum location of the project,and then to optimize orientation,shape/geometry and dimensions of caverns and tunnels.As part of the procedure,ground investigations have to be carried out at several steps integrated with the progress of design.The investigation and design procedures,and the great significance of these for the project to become successful will be discussed.Case examples of oil and gas storage in unlined rock caverns are given,illustrating the relevancy of experience from high-pressure hydropower projects for planning and design of unlined caverns for oil and gas storage.

关键词： Underground storage Oil Gas Liquefied petroleum gas(LPG) Hydropower Air cushion chamber

Is a catalyst always beneficial in plasma catalysis? Insights from the many physical and chemical interactions

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第10期85卷 501-533,I0013页

作者： björn Loenders Roel michiels Annemie Bogaerts Research group PLASmANT Department of ChemistryUniversity of AntwerpUniversiteitsplein 1B-2610 Wilrijk-AntwerpBelgium

Plasma-catalytic dry reforming of CH_(4)(DRm) is promising to convert the greenhouse gasses CH_(4) and CO_(2) into value-added chemicals, thus simultaneously providing an alternative to fossil resources as feedstock for the chemical industry. However, while many experiments have been dedicated to plasma-catalytic DRm, there is no consensus yet in literature on the optimal choice of catalyst for targeted products,because the underlying mechanisms are far from understood. Indeed, plasma catalysis is very complex,as it encompasses various chemical and physical interactions between plasma and catalyst, which depend on many parameters. This complexity hampers the comparison of experimental results from different studies, which, in our opinion, is an important bottleneck in the further development of this promising research field. Hence, in this perspective paper, we describe the important physical and chemical effects that should be accounted for when designing plasma-catalytic experiments in general, high-lighting the need for standardized experimental setups, as well as careful documentation of packing properties and reaction conditions, to further advance this research field. On the other hand, many parameters also create many windows of opportunity for further optimizing plasma-catalytic systems.Finally, various experiments also reveal the lack of improvement in plasma catalysis compared to plasma-only, specifically for DRm, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Therefore, we present our newly developed coupled plasma-surface kinetics model for DRm, to provide more insight in the underlying reasons. Our model illustrates that transition metal catalysts can adversely affect plasmacatalytic DRm, if radicals dominate the plasma-catalyst interactions. Thus, we demonstrate that a good understanding of the plasma-catalyst interactions is crucial to avoiding conditions at which these interactions negatively affect the results, and we provide some recommendations for improvement. For instance, we believe that plasma-

关键词： Plasma catalysis Dry reforming of methane Discharges Reaction kinetics modelling

Construction of Conservative Numerical Fluxes for the Entropy Split method

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Communications on Applied mathematics and Computation 2023年第2期5卷 653-678页

作者： björn Sjögreen H.C.Yee multid Analyses AB GothenburgSweden NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCA 94035USA

The entropy split method is based on the physical entropies of the thermally perfect gas Euler equations.The Euler flux derivatives are approximated as a sum of a conservative portion and a non-conservative portion in conjunction with summation-by-parts(SBP)difference boundary closure of(Gerritsen and Olsson in J Comput Phys 129:245-262,1996;Olsson and Oliger in RIACS Tech Rep 94.01,1994;Yee et al.in J Comp Phys 162:33-81,2000).Sj?green and Yee(J Sci Comput)recently proved that the entropy split method is entropy conservative and stable.Stand-ard high-order spatial central differencing as well as high order central spatial dispersion relation preserving(DRP)spatial differencing is part of the entropy stable split methodol-ogy framework.The current work is our first attempt to derive a high order conservative numerical flux for the non-conservative portion of the entropy splitting of the Euler flux derivatives.Due to the construction,this conservative numerical flux requires higher oper-ations count and is less stable than the original semi-conservative split method.However,the Tadmor entropy conservative(EC)method(Tadmor in Acta Numerica 12:451-512,2003)of the same order requires more operations count than the new construction.Since the entropy split method is a semi-conservative skew-symmetric splitting of the Euler flux derivative,a modified nonlinear filter approach of(Yee et al.in J Comput Phys 150:199-238,1999,J Comp Phys 162:3381,2000;Yee and Sj?green in J Comput Phys 225:910934,2007,High Order Filter methods for Wide Range of Compressible flow Speeds.Proceedings of the ICOSAHOm09,June 22-26,Trondheim,Norway,2009)is proposed in conjunction with the entropy split method as the base method for problems containing shock waves.Long-time integration of 2D and 3D test cases is included to show the com-parison of these new approaches.

关键词： Finite-difference method Entropy conservation Entropy splitting Shock capturing

ULK1 as a novel therapeutic target in neurodegeneration

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1212-1213页

作者： björn Friedhelm Vahsen Paul Lingor Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of OxfordJohn Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUK Department of Neurology University Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration(BIN) DFG Cluster of Excellence Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain(CNMPB)University Medical Center GöttingenGöttingen Department of Neurology Rechts der Isar Hospital of the Technical University MunichMunichGermany

Axonal degeneration is an early and key pathophysiological feature of many traumatic and neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system(CNS),such as spinal cord injury(SCI),Parkinson’s disease(PD),and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS).As the regenerative capacity of injured axons is severely restricted in the CNS,axonal degeneration frequently results in the irreversible loss of neuronal connections causing progressive neurological deficits and clinical disability.A better understanding of the mechanisms of axon degeneration is therefore hoped to unravel new therapeutic avenues to combat neurodegeneration(Lingor et al.,2012).

关键词： degeneration therapeutic neurodegeneration

Transforming growth factor β1-mediated anti-inflammation slows progression of midbrain dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease?

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第10期10卷 1578-1580页

作者： björn Spittau Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology Department of Molecular EmbryologyAlbert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg

Parkinson’s disease（PD）is characterized by the progressive loss of midbrain dopaminergic（m DA）neurons and a subsequent decrease in striatal dopamine levels,which cause the typical clinical motor symptoms such as ... 详细信息

关键词： Transforming growth factor mediated anti-inflammation slows progression of midbrain dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease TGF

mechanisms behind the environmental sensitivity of carbon fiber reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Friction 2024年第5期12卷 997-1015页

作者： Pontus JOHANSSON P.mARKLUND m.bjORLING Y.SHI Division of machine Element LuleåUniversity of TechnologyLuleåSE-97187Sweden

Carbon fiber reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene (CF/PTFE) composites are known for their exceptional tribological performance when sliding against steel or cast iron in inert gas environments. Compared to experiments in humid air, about an order of magnitude lower wear rate and several times lower coefficient of friction have been reported for tests conducted in dry nitrogen and hydrogen. moreover, trace moisture has been shown to affect the friction and wear significantly of this tribosystem, although a possible effect of oxygen cannot be ruled out due to uncertainties regarding the oxygen concentrations. While several studies have pointed out the environmental sensitivity of CF/PTFE, the understanding of the underlying mechanisms are very limited. The objective of this research is to investigate the individual and combined effect of oxygen and moisture on the tribological behavior of CF/PTFE sliding against steel. Additionally, this study aims to elucidate the underlying mechanisms that govern the environmental sensitivity of the system. Climate-controlled three-pin-on-disc experiments were conducted in nitrogen atmospheres at various concentrations of oxygen and moisture. The tribological results clearly demonstrate that both moisture and oxygen contribute to increased friction and wear. However, the adverse effect was much more pronounced for oxygen than moisture. A qualitative method was developed to estimate the tribofilm coverage on the CF/PTFE surface. Results showed strong correlation between high coverage of strongly adhered tribofilm and low wear rate. moreover, a loosely adhered tribofilm was observed on top of the CF/PTFE surface in presence of moisture. FTIR analysis indicated that the loosely adhered tribofilm found in the moisture-enriched environment contained a significant amount of adsorbed water, which may explain the lower coefficient of friction in presence of moisture compared to oxygen. The adsorbed water in the loosely adhered tribofilm could be an indication of moisture-driven lubricatio

关键词： polymer composite tribofilm tribochemistry atmosphere

Epidemiology and clinical course of Crohn's disease:Results from observational studies

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第15期18卷 1723-1731页

作者： istein Hovde bjrn A moum Department of Internal medicine/Gastroenterology Innlandet Hospital Trust2819 GjvikOpplandNorway Department of Gastroenterology Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo0514 OsloNorway

The authors review the clinical outcome in patients with Crohn's disease(CD)based on studies describing the natural course of the disease.Population-based studies have demonstrated that the incidence rates and prevalence rates for CD have increased since the mid-1970s.The authors search for English language articles from 1980 until 2011.Geographical variations,incidence,prevalence,smoking habits,sex,mortality and medications are investigated.An increasing incidence and prevalence of CD have been found over the last three decades.The disease seems to be most common in northern Europe and North America,but is probably increasing also in Asia and Africa.Smoking is associated with an increased risk of developing CD.Age mplications,need for systemic steroids,and disease location in terminal ileum are factors associated with higher relapse rates.A slight predominance of women diagnosed with CD has been found.Ileocecal resection is the most commonly performed surgical procedure,and within the first five years after the diagnosis about one third of the patients have had intestinal surgery.Smoking is associated with a worse clinical course and withincreased risk of flare-ups.In most studies the overall mortality is comparable to the background population.To date,the most effective treatment options in acute flares are glucocorticosteroids and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α-blockers.Azathioprine/methotrexate and TNF-α-blockers are effective in maintaining remission.

关键词：临床疗效流行病学受体阻滞剂 TNF-α 观测肿瘤坏死因子手术过程糖皮质激素