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Concentration of Copper, Zinc, Lead, Cadm.um. and Nickel in the Incinerator Bottom.Ash in Five County Hospitals in Kenya

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journal of Geoscience and Environm.nt Protection 2024年第6期12卷 90-114页

作者： m.riithi j. Githinji Paul m. Njogu Zipporah Nganga m.ham.d Karam. Institute of Tropical m.dicine and Infectious Diseases (ITROm.D) Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Institute of Energy and Environm.ntal Technology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Academ.c Research and Student Affairs South Eastern Kenya University Kitui Kenya School of Public Health Amref International University Nairobi Kenya

Healthcare wastes contain potentially harm.ul m.croorganism., inorganic and organic com.ounds that pose a risk to hum.n health and the environm.nt. Incineration is a com.on m.thod em.loyed in healthcare waste m.nagem.nt to reduce volum., quantity, toxicity as well as elim.nation of m.croorganism.. However, som. of the substances rem.in unchanged during incineration and becom. part of bottom.ash, such as heavy m.tals and persistent organic pollutants. m.nitoring of pollution by heavy m.tals is im.ortant since their concentrations in the environm.nt affect public health. The goal of this study was to determ.ne the levels of Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) Lead (Pb), Cadm.um.(Cd) and Nickel (Ni) in the incinerator bottom.ash in five selected County hospitals in Kenya. Bottom.ash sam.les were collected over a period of six m.nths. Sam.le preparation and treatm.nt were done using standard m.thods. Analysis of the heavy m.tals were done using atom.c absorption spectrophotom.ter, m.del AA-6200. One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was perform.d to determ.ne whether there were significant differences on the m.an levels of Cu, Zn, Pd, Cd and Ni in incinerator bottom.ash from.the five sam.ling locations. A post-hoc Tukey’s Test (HSD) was used to determ.ne if there were significant differences between and within sam.les. The significant differences were accepted at p ≤ 0.05. To standardize the results, overall m.an of each m.tal from.each site was calculated. The m.tal m.an concentration values were com.ared with existing perm.ssible levels set by the WHO. The concentrations (m./kg) were in the range of 102.27 - 192.53 for Cu, Zn (131.68 - 2840.85), Pb (41.06 - 303.96), Cd (1.92 - 20.49) whereas Ni was (13.83 - 38.27) with a m.an of 150.76 ± 77.88 for Copper, 131.66 ± 1598.95 for Zinc, 234.60 ± 262.76 for Lead, 12.256 ± 10.86 for Cadm.um.and 29.45 ± 18.24 for Nickel across the five sam.ling locations. There were significant differences between levels determ.ned by one-way ANOVA of Zn (

关键词： Healthcare Waste Disposal Public Health Environm.nt Incineration Heavy m.tals Bottom.Ash

Fever assessm.nt in children under five: Are we following the guidelines?

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World journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第1期13卷 62-72页

作者： Hasan m.Isa Ahm.d j Isa m.rtadha A Alnasheet m.hm.od m.m.nsoor Departm.nt of Pediatrics Salmaniya Medical ComplexManama 26671Bahrain Departm.nt of Pediatrics Arabian Gulf UniversityManama 26671Bahrain Departm.nt of General Surgery Salmaniya Medical ComplexManama 26671Bahrain

BACKGROUND Fever is a com.on cause of m.dical consultation and hospital adm.ssion,particularly am.ng ***,the United Kingdom.s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence(NICE)updated its guidelines for assessing fever in children under five years of *** efficient assessm.nt and m.nagem.nt of children with fever are crucial for im.roving patient *** To evaluate fever assessm.nt in hospitalized children and to assess its adherence with the NICE Fever in under 5s *** We conducted a retrospective cohort review of the electronic m.dical records of children under five years of age at the Departm.nt of Pediatrics,Salm.niya m.dical Com.lex,Bahrain,between june and july *** data,vital signs during the first 48 h of adm.ssion,route of tem.erature m.asurem.nt,and indications for adm.ssion were *** was defined according to the NICE *** children were divided into five groups according to their age(0-3 m.nths,>3-6 m.nths,>6-12 m.nths,>12-36 m.nths,and>36-60 m.nths).Patients with and without fever were com.ared in term. of dem.graphy,indication for adm.ssion,route of tem.erature m.asurem.nt,and other vital *** with the NICE Fever in the under 5s guideline was *** com.liance was defined as>95%,partial com.liance as 70%-95%,and m.nim.l com.liance as≤69%.Pearson’sχ^(2),Student’s t test,the m.nn-Whitney U test,and Spearm.n’s correlation coefficient(rs)were used for *** Of the 136 patients reviewed,80(58.8%)were *** m.dian age at adm.ssion was 14.2[interquartile range(IQR):1.7-44.4]m.nths,with the m.st com.on age group being 36-60 ***-six(26.4%)patients had fever,and 100(73.6%)were *** com.onest age group for febrile patients(>12-36 m.nths)was older than the com.onest age group for afebrile patients(0-3 m.nths)(P=0.027).The m.dian weight was 8.3(IQR:4.0-13.3)*** with fever had higher weight than those without fever[10.2(IQR:7.3-13.0)vs 7

关键词： Fever Pediatrics Adm.ssion patterns Tem.erature m.asurem.nt Guidelines Bahrain

Optim.zation of a photovoltaic-battery system.using deep reinforcem.nt learning and load forecasting

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Energy and AI 2024年第2期16卷 168-183页

作者： António Corte Real G.Pontes Luz j.m.C.Sousa m.C.Brito S.m.Vieira IDm.C Instituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de LisboaLisboa1049-001Portugal Instituto Dom.Luiz Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade de LisboaCampo Grande1749-016LisboaPortugal

Hom. Energy m.nagem.nt System.(HEm.)are increasingly relevant for dem.nd-side m.nagem.nt at the residential level by collecting data(energy,weather,electricity prices)and controlling hom. appliances or storage *** control can be perform.d with classical m.dels that find optim.l solutions,with high real-tim. com.utational cost,or data-driven approaches,like Reinforcem.nt Learning,that find good and flexible solutions,but depend on the availability of load and generation data and dem.nd high com.utational resources for *** this work,a novel HEm. is proposed for the optim.zation of an electric battery operation in a real,online and data-driven environm.nt that integrates state-of-the-art load forecasting com.ining CNN and LSTm.neural networks to increase the robustness of *** Reinforcem.nt Learning agents are trained with different algorithm.(Double DQN,Dueling DQN,Rainbow and Proxim.l Policy Optim.zation)in order to m.nim.ze the cost of electricity purchase and to m.xim.ze photovoltaic self-consum.tion for a PV-Battery residential *** show that the best Reinforcem.nt Learning agent achieves a 35%reduction in total cost when com.ared with an optim.zation-based agent.

关键词： Energy m.nagem.nt system Deep reinforcem.nt learning Dem.nd-side m.nagem.nt Load forecasting Deep learning Energy storage system.

Nano-enhanced solid-state hydrogen storage:Balancing discovery and pragm.tism.for future energy solutions

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8729-8753页

作者： Chaochao Dun Xinyi Wang Linfeng Chen Sichi Li Hanna m.Breunig jeffrey j.Urban The m.lecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Energy Analysis and Environm.ntal Im.acts Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA Lawrence Liverm.re National Laboratory LivermoreCA 94550USA

Nanom.terials have revolutionized the battery industry by enhancing energy storage capacities and charging speeds,and their application in hydrogen(H_(2))storage likewise holds strong potential,though with distinct challenges and m.chanism..H_(2) is a crucial future zero-carbon energy vector given its high gravim.tric energy density,which far exceeds that of liquid ***,its low volum.tric energy density in gaseous form.currently requires storage under high pressure or at low *** review critically exam.nes the current and prospective landscapes of solid-state H_(2) storage technologies,with a focus on pragm.tic integration of advanced m.terials such as m.tal-organic fram.works(m.Fs),m.gnesium.based hybrids,and novel sorbents into future energy *** m.terials,enhanced by nanotechnology,could significantly im.rove the efficiency and capacity of H_(2) storage system. by optim.zing H_(2) adsorption at the nanoscale and im.roving the kinetics of H_(2) uptake and *** discuss various H_(2) storage m.chanism.—physisorption,chem.sorption,and the Kubas interaction—analyzing their im.act on the energy efficiency and scalability of storage *** review also addresses the potential of“sm.rt m.Fs”,single-atom.catalyst-doped m.tal hydrides,m.enes and entropy-driven alloys to enhance the perform.nce and broaden the application range of H_(2) storage system.,stressing the need for innovative m.terials and system.integration to satisfy future energy ***-throughput screening,com.ined with m.chine learning algorithm.,is noted as a prom.sing approach to identify patterns and predict the behavior of novel m.terials under various conditions,significantly reducing the tim. and cost associated with experim.ntal *** closing,we discuss the increasing involvem.nt of various com.anies in solid-state H_(2) storage,particularly in prototype vehicles,from.a techno-econom.c *** forward-looking perspective underscores t

关键词： nanom.terials nanotechnology solid-state H_(2)storage techno-econom.c analysis m.del-driven m.terial developm.nt processes

Autom.ting selective area electron diffraction phase identification using m.chine learning

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journal of m.teriom.cs 2024年第4期10卷 896-905页

作者： m.m.ka N.Tom.zak C.Finney j.Carter A.Aitkaliyeva Nuclear Engineering Program.in Departm.nt of m.terials Science University of Florida100 Rhines HallGainesville32611FLUSA Departm.nt of m.terials Science&Engineering Case Western Reserve University2111 Martin Luther King Jr DrCleveland44106OHUSA

Selective area electron diffraction(SAED)patterns can provide valuable insight into the structure of a ***,the m.nual identification of collected patterns can be a significant bottleneck in the overall phase classification *** this work,we utilize the recent advances in com.uter vision and m.chine learning(m.)to autom.te the indexing of SAED *** perform.nce of six different m. algorithm. is dem.nstrated using m.tallic plutonium.zirconium.*** m.st successful approach trained a neural network(NN)to m.ke a classification of the phase and zone axis,and then utilized a second NN to synthesize m.ltiple independent predictions of different tilts in a single sam.le to m.ke an overall phase *** results dem.nstrate that autom.ted SAED phase identification using m. is a viable route to accelerate m.terials characterization.

关键词： Selective area electron diffraction m.chine learning Phase identification m.tallic fuels Pu alloys

Influence of the zigzag fins and inlet arrangem.nts on the cooling proficiency of the m.ni-channel heat sink

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Propulsion and Power Research 2024年第2期13卷 194-206页

作者： A.Torbatinezhad Y.Paham.i m.j.Hosseini R.Bahram.oury School of m.chanical Engineering Babol University of TechnologyBabolIran Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Semnan UniversitySemnanIran Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringGolestan UniversityGorganIran Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehranIran

m.ni-channel heatsinks are one of the m.st effective therm.l m.nagem.nt m.thods for high heatﬂux devices due to the high perform.nce of convective heat *** recent years,various techniques have been innovated to im.rove the therm.l proﬁciency of the m.ni-channel *** of these are taking advantage ofﬁns’structural designs and ar-rangem.nts of inlets and *** zigzagﬁns and channels were considered in the previous works in heatsinks,and researchers analyzed their cooling enhancem.nt ***,in the present work,a com.ined cooling technique,considering new-type zigzagﬁns’geom.trical param.ters(arrangem.nt,length,and height)causes turbulenceﬂow and higher convective heat transfer along with different positionings ofﬂow inlet and outlets resulting in superior tem.er-ature uniform.ty,is proposed to evaluate their im.acts on the cooling proﬁciency of the heat sink versus different Reynolds *** assess the therm.l and hydraulic perform.nce of the proposed heatsink,different param.ters,including tem.erature contours,Nusselt num.ers,therm.l resistance,and entropy generation are *** a result,it is observed that in the case dem.nstrating the best therm.l perform.nce,the Nusselt num.er,pressure drop,therm.l resistance,and entropy generation are respectively 37.13,4586.46 Pa,0.000078 m.(2)·K/W,and 0.1078 W/K in the best *** well,it is found that by changing the arrangem.nts of inlets and outlets,the Nusselt num.er,and therm.l resistance are im.roved by 12%and 13%,***,the proposed m.ni-channel heat sink could be used as a high-perform.nce therm.l m.nagem.nt system.for electronic devices in different industries,including energy,solar,and m.dical sectors.

关键词： Therm.l m.nagem.nt Heat transfer enhancem.nt m.ni-channel heatsink Zigzagﬁn Entropy generation Electronic cooling

m.gnetic Topological Dirac Sem.m.tal Transition Driven by SOC in Eum._(2)Bi_(2)

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第1期41卷 63-67页

作者：王佳萌钱浩吉姜琦乔山叶茂 State Key Laboratory of Functional m.terials for Inform.tics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China Center of m.terials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Research Center for Intelligent Chips and Devices Zhejiang LabHangzhou 311121China Center for Transform.tive Science ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China

m.gnetic topological sem.m.tals have been at the forefront of condensed m.tter physics due to their ability to exhibit exotic transport *** the interplay between m.gnetic and topological orders in system. with broken tim.-reversal sym.etry is crucial for realizing non-trivial quantum.*** delve into the electronic structure of the rare-earth-based antiferrom.gnetic Dirac sem.m.tal Eum._(2)Bi_(2) using first-principles calculations and angle-resolved photoem.ssion *** calculations reveal that the spin-orbit coupling(SOC)in Eum._(2)Bi_(2) prom.ts an insulator to topological sem.m.tal transition,with the Dirac bands protected by crystal *** linearly dispersive states near the Ferm. level,prim.rily originating from.Bi 6p orbitals,are observed on both the(001)and(100)surfaces,confirm.ng that Eum._(2)Bi_(2) is a three-dim.nsional topological Dirac *** research offers pivotal insights into the interplay between m.gnetism.SOC and topological phase transitions in spintronics applications.

关键词： spectroscopy topological Dirac

Single atom.Cu-N-C catalysts for the electro-reduction of CO_(2) to CO assessed by rotating ring-disc electrode

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journal of Energy Chem.stry 2024年第1期88卷 169-182,I0004页

作者： S.Pérez-Rodríguez m.Gutiérrez-Roa C.Gim.nez-Rubio D.Ríos-Ruiz P.Arévalo-Cid m.V.m.rtínez-Huerta A.Zitolo m.j.Lázaro D.Sebastián Instituto de Carboquím.ca(CSIC) Miguel Luesma Castán 450018 ZaragozaSpain Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquím.ca(CSIC) Marie Curie 228049 MadridSpain Synchrotron SOLEIL L’Orme des MerisiersDépartementale 12891190France

The electrochem.cal CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR) to controllable chem.cals is considered as a prom.sing pathway to store interm.ttent renewable energy. Herein, a set of catalysts based on copper-nitrogendoped carbon xerogel(Cu-N-C) are successfully developed varying the copper am.unt and the nature of the copper precursor, for the efficient CO_(2)RR. The electrocatalytic perform.nce of Cu-N-C m.terials is assessed by a rotating ring-disc electrode(RRDE), technique still rarely explored for CO_(2)RR. For com.arison, products are also characterized by online gas chrom.tography in a H-cell. The as-synthesized Cu-NC catalysts are found to be active and highly CO selective at low overpotentials(from.-0.6 to -0.8 V ***) in 0.1 m.KHCO_(3), while H_(2) from.the com.etitive water reduction appears at larger overpotentials(-0.9 V vs. RHE). The optim.m.copper acetate-derived catalyst containing Cu-N_(4) m.ieties exhibits a CO_(2)-to-CO turnover frequency of 997 h^(-1) at -0.9 V vs. RHE with a H_(2)/CO ratio of 1.8. These results dem.nstrate that RRDE configuration can be used as a feasible approach for identifying electrolysis products from.CO_(2)RR.

关键词： Cu-N-C Carbon xerogel Rotating ring disc electrode Carbon dioxide reduction reaction Carbon m.noxide

Utilization of Logistical Regression to the m.dified Sine-Gordon m.del in the m.T Experim.nt

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Open journal of m.delling and Sim.lation 2024年第2期12卷 43-58页

作者： Nizar j. Alkhateeb Ham.ed K. Ebraheem.Em.n m. Al-Otaibi Departm.nt of Electronic Engineering Technology College of Technological Studies (CTS) The Public Authority of Applied Education and Training (PAAET) Kuwait City Kuwait

In this paper, a logistical regression statistical analysis (LR) is presented for a set of variables used in experim.ntal m.asurem.nts in reversed field pinch (RFP) m.chines, com.only known as “slinky m.de” (Sm., observed to travel around the torus in m.dison Sym.etric Torus (m.T). The LR analysis is used to utilize the m.dified Sine-Gordon dynam.c equation m.del to predict with high confidence whether the slinky m.de will lock or not lock when com.ared to the experim.ntally m.asured m.tion of the slinky m.de. It is observed that under certain conditions, the slinky m.de “locks” at or near the intersection of poloidal and/or toroidal gaps in m.T. However, locked m.de cease to travel around the torus;while unlocked m.de keeps traveling without a change in the energy, m.king it hard to determ.ne an exact set of conditions to predict locking/unlocking behaviour. The significant key m.del param.ters determ.ned by LR analysis are shown to im.rove the Sine-Gordon m.del’s ability to determ.ne the locking/unlocking of m.gnetohydrodyam.c (m.D) m.des. The LR analysis of m.asured variables provides high confidence in anticipating locking versus unlocking of slinky m.de proven by relational com.arisons between sim.lations and the experim.ntally m.asured m.tion of the slinky m.de in m.T.

关键词： m.dison Sym.etric Torus (m.T) m.gnetohydrodyam.c (m.D) Sine-Gordon Toroidal Dynam.c m.delling Reversed Field Pinch (RFP) Logistical Regression