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Additively m.nufactured Ti–Ta–Cu alloys for the next-generation load-bearing im.lants

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International Journal of Extrem. m.nufacturing 2024年第1期6卷 353-374页

作者： Am.t Bandyopadhyay Indranath m.tra Sushant Ciliveri Jose D avila William.Dernell Stuart B Goodm.n Susm.ta Bose W.m.Keck Biom.dical m.terials Research Laboratory School of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringWashington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164United States of America Veterinary Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164United States of America Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery Stanford University Medical CenterRedwood CityCA 94063United States of America

Bacterial colonization of orthopedic im.lants is one of the leading causes of failure and clinical com.lexities for load-bearing m.tallic im.lants. Topical or system.c adm.nistration of antibiotics m.y not offer the m.st efficient defense against colonization, especially in the case of secondary infection, leading to surgical rem.val of im.lants and in som. cases even lim.s. In this study, laser powder bed fusion was im.lem.nted to fabricate Ti3Al2V alloy by a 1:1 weight m.xture of CpTi and Ti6Al4V powders. Ti-Tantalum.Ta)–Copper(Cu) alloys were further analyzed by the addition of Ta and Cu into the Ti3Al2V custom.alloy. The biological,m.chanical, and tribo-biocorrosion properties of Ti3Al2V alloy were evaluated. A 10 wt.% Ta(10Ta) and 3 wt.% Cu(3Cu) were added to the Ti3Al2V alloy to enhance biocom.atibility and im.art inherent bacterial resistance. Additively m.nufactured im.lants were investigated for resistance against Pseudom.nas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus strains of bacteria for up to 48 h. A 3 wt.% Cu addition to Ti3Al2V displayed im.roved antibacterial efficacy, i.e.78%–86% with respect to CpTi. m.chanical properties for Ti3Al2V–10Ta–3Cu alloy were evaluated, dem.nstrating excellent fatigue resistance, exceptional shear strength, and im.roved tribological and tribo-biocorrosion characteristics when com.ared to Ti6Al4V. In vivo studies using a rat distal fem.r m.del revealed im.roved early-stage osseointegration for alloys with10 wt.% Ta addition com.ared to CpTi and Ti6Al4V. The 3 wt.% Cu-added com.ositions displayed biocom.atibility and no adverse infam.atory response in vivo. Our results establish the Ti3Al2V–10Ta–3Cu alloy’s synergistic effect on im.roving both in vivo biocom.atibility and m.crobial resistance for the next generation of load-bearing m.tallic im.lants.

关键词： Ti6Al4V load-bearing im.lants additive m.nufacturing 3D printing antibacterial perform.nce

Perfect Single Qubit m.rroring Effects on Two and Three m.xim.lly Entangled Qubits

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Com.unications in Theoretical Physics 2013年第1期59卷 7-10页

作者： m.avila Centro Universitario UAEm.Valle de Chalco UAEMex Mar' a IsabelValle de ChalcoEstado de M'exicoCP 56615Mexico

Perfect quantum.state m.rroring in a chain of N spins is defined as the condition in which the state 丨i 丨of the chain is swapped into the state 丨N - i丨 within a tim. evolution interval r. Such a phenom.non is an interesting way of transfering entanglem.nt. An expressions for the perfect m.rroring of a single qubit contained in a spin chain were proposed in the past. We exploit such an expressions for calculating the evolution tim.s in chains of both two and three spins. In the case of a chain of two qubits, we derive conditions under which the associated four Bell states diagonalize the Ham.ltonian. It is found that for the two Bell states 丨Ф＋） and 丨Ф-）, perfect m.rroring does not occur （i.e. entanglem.nt is not preserved under swapping）. On the other hand, perfect single qubit m.rror effect （entanglem.nt preservation） indeed occurs for the other two Bell states 丨ψ＋） and 丨ψ-） which are m.pped into 丨Ф＋） and 丨Ф-） respectively. For the case of a chain of three qubits, the effects of a perfect single qubit m.rroring on a set of four m.xim.lly entangled three qubit states ψl, ψ2, X1, and X2are studied. Due to the fact that quantum.m.rroring preserves m.xim.l entanglem.nt, the states ψ1 and ψ2 are not altered. However, quantum.m.rroring changes the states X1 and X2 only if we apply perfect quantum.state m.rroring in the site a = 1 of the three qubits spin chain. The above constrains the preservation of m.xim.l entanglem.nt under qubit m.rroring of such a state. Due to the fact that swapping has already been experim.ntally tested, a posible, experim.ntal im.lem.ntations of single qubit m.rroring is possible.

关键词： tim. evolution of a state perfect quantum.state m.rroring of a single qubit Bell states Gisinstates quantum.m.rroring of Bell states quantum.m.rroring of Gisin states entanglem.nt preset-vation

Assessing the im.act of concurrent high-fructose and highsaturated fat diets on pediatric m.tabolic syndrom.:A review

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 62-79页

作者： m.nuel Alejandro Vargas-Vargas m.rcela González-m.ntoya Olin Torres-Isidro Claudia Isabel García-Berum.n Om.r Ortiz-avila Elizabeth Calderón-Cortés Christian Cortés-Rojo Instituto de Investigaciones Quím.co–Biológicas Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoMorelia 58030MichoacánMexico Facultad de Enferm.ría Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoMorelia 58020MichoacánMexico

High-saturated fat(HF)or high-fructose(HFr)consum.tion in children predispose them.to m.tabolic syndrom.(m.tS).In rodent m.dels of m.tS,diets containing individually HF or HFr lead to a variable degree of ***,sim.ltaneous intake of HF plus HFr have synergistic effects,worsening m.tS *** children,the effects of HF or HFr intake usually have been addressed ***,we have reviewed the outcom.s of HF or HFr diets in children,and we com.are them.with the effects reported in *** hum.ns,HFr intake causes increased lipogenesis,hypertriglyceridem.a,obesity and insulin *** the other hand,HF diets prom.te low grade-inflam.ation,obesity,insulin *** the deleterious effects of sim.ltaneous HF plus HFr intake on m.tS developm.nt in rodents,there is little inform.tion about the com.ined effects of HF plus HFr intake in *** aim.of this review is to warn about this issue,as individually addressing the effects produced by HF or HFr m.y underestim.te the severity of the outcom.s of Western diet intake in the pediatric *** consider that this is an alarm.ng issue that needs to be assessed,as the sim.ltaneous intake of HF plus HFr is com.on on fast food m.nus.

关键词： Fructose Saturated fat m.tabolic syndrom. Insulin resistance Type 2 diabetes Ultra processed foods Children Obesity Dyslipidem.a Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

A com.arative assessm.nt of em.irical and lattice Boltzm.nn m.thod-based drag m.dels for sim.lation of gas-solid flow hydrodynam.cs in a bubbling fluidized bed

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Particuology 2017年第4期15卷 129-137页

作者： Carlos m. Rom.ro Luna Luis R. Carrocci Gretta L.A.F. Arce Ivonete avila UNESP - Sflo Paulo State University School of Engineering Department of Energy Laboratory of Combustion and Carbon Capture (LC3) CEP 12.516-410 Guaratinguetd SP Brazil INPE - Brazilian Space Research Institute Combustion and Propulsion Associated I.aboratory CEP 12.630-000 Cachoeira Paulista SP Brazil UNJFSC -Jose Faustino Sanchez Carrion National University Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Research Group Huacho Lima Peru

In sim.lations of fluidized beds using com.utational fluid dynam.cs （CFD）, the description of gas-solid flow hydrodynam.cs relies on a drag m.del to account for the m.m.ntum.transfer between gas and solid phases. Although several studies of drag m.dels have been published, there have been few investigations of the application of lattice Boltzm.nn m.thod （LBm.-based drag m.dels to bubbling fluidized bed sim.- lations. In the present study, a com.rehensive com.arison of em.irical and LBm.based drag m.dels was carried out to assess the perform.nce of these m.dels during sim.lations of gas-solid flow hydrodynam. ics in a bubbling fluidized bed. A CFD m.del using the m.IX code based on the Eulerian-Eulerian approach and the kinetic theory of granular flow was used to sim.late a 2D bubbling fluidized bed with Geldart B particles. The sim.lation results were validated by com.arison with experim.ntal data. Statistical anal- ysis of the results shows that LBm.based drag m.dels can reliably m.del gas-solid flow hydrodynam.cs in a bubbling fluidized bed.

关键词： CFD Drag m.del Gas-solid flow hydrodynam.cs Bubbling fluidized bed

Prevalence of m.tabolic syndrom., obesity and diabetes type 2 in cryptogenic cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第30期14卷 4771-4775页

作者： Felix I Tellez-avila Francisco Sanchez-avila m.uricio García-Saenz-de-Sicilia Norberto C Chavez-Tapia Ada m.Franco-Guzm.n Gustavo Lopez-Arce Eduardo Cerda-Contreras m.sael Uribe Departm.nt of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán

AIm. To evaluate the prevalence of m.tabolic syndrom. (m.), obesity and type 2 diabetes m.llitus (T2Dm. in a group of m.xican m.stizo patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis (CC) and to com.are this group with patients with cirrhosis secondary to other causes (disease controls). m.THODS: Patients with CC, diagnosed between January, 1990 and April, 2005, were included in a retrospective study. Patients with cirrhosis caused by chronic hepatitis C, alcohol abuse or autoim.une hepatitis (AIH) served as disease controls. RESULTS: A total of 134 patients with CC were analyzed. Disease controls consisted of 81 patients with chronic hepatitis C, 33 with alcohol abuse and 20 with AIH. The m.dian age of patients with CC was 57 years (range, 16-87); 83 (61.9%) patients were fem.le; 53 (39.6%) were Child A, 65 (48.5%) Child B, and 16 (11.9%) were Child C cirrhosis. The prevalence of m. (29.1% vs 6%; P m.(40% vs 22.4%; P = 0.013) was higher in CC patients than in disease controls. There were no differences in sex, age or liver function tests between the two groups. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of m., obesityand T2Dm.were higher in patients with CC than in patients with cirrhosis secondary to others causes. Our findings support the hypothesis that non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) plays an under-recognized role in CC.

关键词： Cryptogenic chronic hepatitis m.tabolic syndrom. Obesity Diabetes m.llitus

Precipitation analysis of as-cast HK40 steel after isotherm.l aging

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International Journal of m.nerals,m.tallurgy and m.terials 2017年第10期24卷 1125-1133页

作者： m.L. Saucedo-m.noz A. Ortiz-m.riscal V.m. Lopez-Hirata J.D. Villegas-Cardenas Orlando Soriano-Vargas Erika O. avila-Davila Instituto Politecnico Nacional (ESIQIE) Apdo. Postal 118-395 Mexico D.F. 07300 Universidad Politecnica Metepec y Tultitlan Edo. Mex. Mexico Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Jocotitlan Jocotitlan Edo. Mex. Mexico

As-cast HK40 steel was aged at 700, 800, or 900℃ for tim.s as long as 2000 h. m.crostructural characterization showed that the prim.ry m.7C_3 carbide network contained a substantial content of m.nganese, in agreem.nt with the m.crosegregation of m.nganese calculated by Therm.-Calc using the Scheil–Gulliver m.dule. The dissolution of prim.ry carbides caused the solute supersaturation of austenite and subsequent precipitation of fine m.(23)C_6 carbides in the austenite m.trix for aged specim.ns. During prolonged aging, the carbide size increased with increasing tim. because of the coarsening process. A tim.–tem.erature–precipitation diagram.for m.(23)C_6 carbides was calculated using the Therm.-CalcPRISm. software; this diagram.showed good agreem.nt with the experim.ntal growth kinetics of precipitation. The fine carbide precipitation caused an increase in hardness; however, the coarsening process of carbides prom.ted a decrease in hardness. Nanoindentation tests of the austenite m.trix indicated an increase in ductility with increasing aging tim..

关键词： as-cast HK40 steel carbide precipitation aging precipitation sim.lation

The sprayed ZnO film.: nanostructures and physical param.ters

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Journal of Sem.conductors 2015年第8期36卷 30-36页

作者： m.Benhaliliba A.Tiburcio-Silver A.avila-Garcia A.Tavira Y.S.Ocak m.S.Aida C.E.Benouis m.terial Technology Departm.nt Physics Faculty USTO-MB University ITT-DIE Cinvestav-IPN Department of Ingeniería Eléctrica-SEES Dicle University Education Faculty Science Department Thin Film. & Plasm. Lab Physics Department Mentouri University

We synthesized the pure and indium.doped （IZO） ZnO film. with a facile com.osition control spray pyrolysis route. The substrate tem.erature （Ts） and In-doping effects on the properties of as-grown film. are inves- tigated. The X-ray pattern confirm. that the as-synthesized ZnO phase is grown along a （002） preferential plane. It is revealed that the crystalline structure is im.roved with a substrate tem.erature of 350 ℃ m.reover, the m.rphol- ogy of as-grown film., analyzed by AFm. shows nanostructures that have grown along the c-axis. The （3 ×3 μm.） area scanned AFm.surface studies give the sm.oth film.surface Rm. 〈 40 nm. The UV-VIS-IR m.asurem.nts reveal that the sprayed film. are highly transparent in the visible and IR bands. The photolum.nescence analysis shows that the strong blue and yellow lum.nescences of 2.11 and 2.81 eV are em.tted from.ZnO and IZO film. with a slight shift in photon energy caused by In-doping. The band gap is a bit widened by In-doping, 3.21 eV （ZnO） and 3.31 eV （IZO） and the resistivity is reduced from.385 to 8Ω·m. An interesting result is the resistivity linear dependence on the substrate tem.erature of pure ZnO film..

关键词： sprayed ZnO film. deposition tem.erature AFm.observation photolum.nescence em.ssion resis- tivity

Effect of oxygen and nitrogen functionalization on the physical and electronic structure of graphene

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Nano Research 2015年第8期8卷 2620-2635页

作者： Alexander J. m.rsden Peter Brom.er Jam.s J. m.dd m. Adam.Dyson Robert Cook m.ria Asensio Jose avila Ana Levy Jerem. Sloan David Quigley Gavin R. Bell Neil R. Wilson Departm.nt of Physics University of Warwick Coventry UK Centre for Scientific Com.uting University of Warwick Coventry UK Synchrotron SOLEIL L'Orme des Merisiers Saint Aubin-BP 48 91192 Gifsur Yvette Cedex France

Covalent functionalization of graphene offers opportunities for tailoring its properties and is an unavoidable consequence of som. graphene synthesis techniques. However, the changes induced by the functionalization are not well understood. By using atom.c sources to control the extent of the oxygen and nitrogen functionalization, we studied the evolution in the structure and properties at the atom.c scale. Atom.c oxygen reversibly introduces epoxide groups whilst, under sim.lar conditions, atom.c nitrogen irreversibly creates diverse functionalities including substitutional, pyridinic, and pyrrolic nitrogen. Atom.c oxygen leaves the Ferm. energy at the Dirac point （i.e., undoped）, whilst atom.c nitrogen results in a net n-doping; however, the experim.ntal results are consistent with the dom.nant electronic effect for both being a transition from.delocalized to localized states, and hence the loss of the signature electronic structure of graphene.

关键词： graphene functionalization chem.cal vapor deposition density functional theory

Interrelationship between physical activity and depression in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第3期14卷 612-622页

作者： Ali A Weinstein Leyla De avila Saisruthi Kannan Jam.s m.Paik Pegah Golabi Lynn H Gerber Zobair m.Younossi Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research Inova Health SystemFalls ChurchVA 22042United States Global and Com.unity Health George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030United States Center for Liver Disease Department of MedicineInova Fairfax Medical CampusFalls ChurchVA 22042United States Inova m.dicine Inova Health SystemFalls ChurchVA 22042United States

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is associated with a sedentary lifestyle and depressive *** is also well established that physical inactivity and depressive sym.tom. are ***,an investigation of the interaction between all of these factors in NAFLD has not been previously *** To investigate the interrelationship between physical inactivity and depressive sym.tom. in individuals with *** Data from.the Rancho Bernardo Study of Healthy Aging were utilized.589 individuals were included in the analyses(43.1%m.le;95.8%non-Hispanic white;aged 60.0±7.0 years).NAFLD was defined by using the hepatic steatosis index,depression using the Beck Depression Inventory,and physical activity by selfreport of num.er of tim.s per week of strenuous *** generalized linear regression m.dels with Gam.a distribution were perform.d to investigate the proposed *** About 40%of the sam.le had evidence of NAFLD,9.3%had evidence of depression,and 29%were physically *** with NAFLD and depression were m.re likely to be physically inactive(60.7%)com.ared to individuals with neither NAFLD nor depression(22.9%),individuals with depression without NAFLD(37.0%),and individuals with NAFLD without depression(33.3%).After accounting for various com.rbidities(i.e.,age,sex,diabetes,hypertension,obesity),individuals with NAFLD and higher levels of physical activity were at a decreased odds of having depressive sym.tom.[16.1%reduction(95%confidence interval:-25.6 to-5.4%),P=0.004],which was not observed in those without *** Individuals with NAFLD have high levels of physical inactivity,particularly those with depressive *** this group is at high risk for poor outcom.s,practitioners should screen for the coexistence of depressive sym.tom. and *** group should receive appropriate interventions aim.d at increasing both participation and levels of intensity of physical activ

关键词： Liver disease Outcom.s research Psychiatric disorders Exercise