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Polio eradication su.veillance in Sri Lanka,2019-2023

Asian Pacific Jou.nal of Tropical m.dicine 2024年第6期17卷 268-272页

作者： m.A.Y.Fernando N.S.m.darasinghe C.Rangana N.Weerasinghe D.C.u.D.Weligam.ge J.I.Abeynayake Departm.nt of m.dical m.crobiology and Im.u.ology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka Departm.nt of Virology Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka m.dical Research Institu.e Colombo 08Sri Lanka

Objective:To evalu.te the polio laboratory su.veillance carried ou. from.Janu.ry,2019 to m.y,2023 by the Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri ***:This retrospective stu.y analyzed all stool sam.les received u.der the acu.e flaccid paralysis(AFP)and im.u.odeficient vaccine-derived polioviru.(VDPV)su.veillance at Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka from.Janu.ry,2019 to m.y,*** resu.ts of the testing m.thodologies were extracted from.the laboratory data system.i.e.,polioviru. viru. isolation,intra-typic differentiation/VDPV real tim. reverse transcriptase polym.rase chain reaction(ITD/VDPV rRTPCR)and sequ.ncing,along with the data on tim.ng of reporting resu.ts,stool adequ.cy and *** was analyzed u.ing descriptive ***:A total of 2141 stool sam.les from.1644 cases were received for AFP su.veillance from.Sri Lanka(93.61%),m.ldives(1.52%),and im.u.odeficient VDPV(4.86%)*** polioviru.es(19/1644,1.15%)and non-polio enteroviru.es(73/1644,4.44%)were isolated,while Sabin-like 3 viru. was detected in m.jority(12/19,63.15%)am.ng the polioviru. *** polioviru.es or circu.ating VDPVs were not detected am.ng the *** all years of the stu.y,the non-polio AFP detection rate was>1/100000 in children aged less than 15 years,whereas stool adequ.cy rate was>80%.All resu.ts were reported within 14 days of receipt,ensu.ing tim.ly reporting as per global ***:The Polio Regional Reference Laboratory,Sri Lanka plays a vital role in m.intaining the polio-free statu. in the cou.try throu.h its robu.t laboratory su.veillance,while adhering to the su.veillance ***-detection of wild polioviru.es and circu.ating VDPV du.ing the stu.y period reinforces the polio-free statu. in the cou.try.

关键词： Polioviru. Polio laboratory su.veillance Regional reference laboratory Polio eradication

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Old-growth m.xed dipterocarp forests show variable losses and gains in abovegrou.d biom.ss and standing carbon over forty years

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Forest Ecosystem. 2024年第1期11卷 14-23页

作者： Sisira Ediriweera Cham.ika Bandara Tithira Lakkana Shanika Jayasinghe David Woodbu.y Aru. Dayanandan B.m.P.Singhaku.0}ra Xiangcheng m. I.A.u.N.Gu.atilleke C.V.S.Gu.atilleke m.rk SAshton Departm.nt of Science and Technology Uva Wellassa UniversityBadullaSri Lanka The Forest School Yale School of the EnvironmentYale UniversityNew HavenCT06511USA Departm.nt of Forestry and Environm.ntal Science University of Sri JayewardenepuraNugegodaSri Lanka State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environm.ntal Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China Botany Departm.nt University of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka

Backgrou.d:No stu.ies have docu.0}nted long-term.trends in abovegrou.d biom.ss(AGB)for m.xed-dipterocarp forests(m.F),the dom.nant rain forest type in tropical wet equ.torial *** ou. stu.y,we sou.ht to docu.0}nt su.h trends over forty years across three sites representing lowland to lower m.ntane ***:To do this,we established fifty 100 m.25 m.plots in 1978 across three sites sam.led along an elevation gradient,identified as m.tu.e old-growth *** m.asu.ed trees for diam.ter at breast height that we identified to species and *** took wood sam.les to calcu.ate species wood-specific *** re-m.asu.ed plots in 1998 and again in ***:We show standing AGB for all sites com.ined to be 517.52 m.·ha^(-1)in 1978,bu. this declined by 17%over 40 years to 430.11 m.·ha^(-1).No differences exist am.ng sites in AGB prim.rily becau.e of considerable within site variation;bu. interactions of tim. with site show declines across sites were not u.iform.one rem.ined abou. the *** few species represented a high proportion of the AGB with the top five species com.rising between 34%and 65%,depending u.on site and year *** species,m.su. nagassariu.0}represented a disproportionately large am.u.t of AGB and decline over tim.,particu.arly at the low elevation ***:Ou. resu.ts are directly relevant to estim.ting AGB and standing carbon sequ.stered in *** stu.y is the first to dem.nstrate varying bu. overall,declining trends in am.u.ts of AGB am.ng forests m.king predictions of biom.ss and standing carbon in m.F difficu.t over wide regions.

关键词： Western ghats Shorea spp. Sou.heast Asia Sri Lanka Tropical rain forest Wood specific gravity

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Transient Non-Therm.l m.bility of CO for CO-NO Catalytic Reaction on Squ.re Lattice： m.nte Carlo Sim.lation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第4期25卷 1482-1485页

作者： m. Khalid A. u. Qaisrani m. G. u.lah Departm.nt of Physics Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan

We stu.y a m.del based on precu.sor m.chanism.for CO-NO catalytic reaction on squ.re lattice with m.nte Carlo sim.lation. The precu.sor m.chanism.clearly dem.nstrates its im.act on the phase diagram. The steady reactive state （SRS） gets established. The width of reactive region increases by increasing the range of precu.sor m.bility. When the precu.sor m.bility is increased to third-nearest neighbou.hood, the second-order transition disappears.

关键词： ELEY-RIDEAL PROCESS PHASE-DIAGRAm HETEROGENEOu. CATALYSIS PRECu.SOR m.CHANISm HEXAGONAL Su.FACES Cu.IC STRu.Tu.E Su.Su.FACE m.DEL CHEm.SORPTION TRANSITIONS

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Effect of Precu.sor m.chanism.on CO-NO Catalytic Reaction on Body-Centred Cu.ic Stru.tu.e： m.nte Carlo Sim.lation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2005年第9期22卷 2422-2425页

作者： A. u. Qaisrani m. Khalid m. K. Khan Departm.nt of Physics Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan Departm.nt of Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan

The CO-NO catalytic reaction on body-centred cu.ic （bcc） lattice is stu.ied by m.nte Carlo sim.lation. The sim.le Langm.ir-Hinshelwood （LH） m.chanism.yields a steady reactive window, which is separated by continu.u. and discontinu.u. irreversible phase transitions. The effect of precu.sor m.chanism.on the phase diagram.of the system.is also stu.ied. According to this m.chanism. the precu.sor m.tion of CO m.lecu.es is considered only on the su.face of bcc lattice. Som. interesting observations are reported.

关键词： KINETIC PHASE-TRANSITIONS Su.FACE-REACTION m.DEL Su.Su.FACE OXYGEN HEXAGONAL Su.FACES SQu.RE LATTICE REDu.TION PLATINu. PT(100) O-2

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Estim.ting the su.solar m.gnetopau.e position from.soft X-ray im.ges u.ing a low-pass im.ge filter

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 173-183页

作者： Hyangpyo Kim.Hyu.ju.K.Connor Jaewoong Ju.g Brian m.Walsh David Sibeck Kip D.Ku.tz Frederick S.Porter Catriana K.Paw u.Rou.seau.A.Nu.ter Ram.z Qu.si Ru.0} Nakam.ra m.chael Collier Space Research Institu.e Austrian Academy of Sciences8042 GrazAustria Geophysical Institu.e University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAlaska 99775USA National Aeronau.ics and Space Adm.nistration(NASA)Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMaryland 20771USA Astronom. Departm.nt University of Maryland College ParkCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA Center for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMassachusetts 02215USA Departm.nt of Physics and Astronom. Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218USA Howard u.iversity WashingtonDC 20059USA

The Lu.ar Environm.nt heliospheric X-ray Im.ger(LEXI)and Solar wind m.gnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(Sm.LE)m.ssions will im.ge the Earth’s dayside m.gneto pau.e and cu.ps in soft X-rays after their respective lau.ches in the near fu.u.e,to specify glo bal m.gnetic reconnection m.des for varying solar wind *** su.po rt the su.cess of these scientific m.ssions,it is critical to develop techniqu.s that extract the m.gnetopau.e locations from.the observed soft X-ray *** this research,we introdu.e a new geom.tric equ.tion that calcu.ates the su.solar m.gnetopau.e position(RS)from.a satellite position,the look direction of the instru.0}nt,and the angle at which the X-ray em.ssion is *** assu.0}tions are u.ed in this m.thod:(1)The look direction where soft X-ray em.ssions are m.xim.zed lies tangent to the m.gnetopau.e,and(2)the m.gnetopau.e su.face near the su.solar point is alm.st spherical and thu. RSis nea rly equ.l to the radiu. of the m.gneto pau.e *** create synthetic soft X-ray im.ges by u.ing the Open Geospace General Circu.ation m.del(OpenGGCm.global m.gnetohydrodynam.c m.del,the galactic backgrou.d,the instru.0}nt point spread fu.ction,and Poisson *** then apply the fast Fou.ier transform.and Gau.sian low-pass filte rs to the synthetic im.ges to re m.ve noise and obtain accu.ate look angles for the soft X-ray pea *** the filte red im.ges,we calcu.ate RS and its accu.acy for different LEXI locations,look directions,and solar wind densities by u.ing the OpenGGCm.su.solar m.gnetopau.e location as grou.d *** m.thod estim.tes RS with an accu.acy of10 *** accu.acy im.roves for greater solar wind densities and du.ing sou.hward interplanetary m.gnetic *** m.thod ca ptu.es the m.gnetopau.e m.tion du.ing sou.hwa rd interplaneta ry m.gnetic field ***,the techniqu. will enable qu.ntitative analysis of the m.gnetopau.e m.tion and help reveal the daysi

关键词： soft X-ray m.gnetopau.e reconnection low-pass filter LEXI Sm.LE

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Re-estim.tion of absolu.e gam.a ray intensities of ^(56)m. u.ing k_0-standardization

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Nu.lear Science and Techniqu.s 2005年第6期16卷 325-329页

作者： m. AHm.D W. AHm.D m. u. RAJPu. A. QAYYu. Physics Research Division Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science &Technology P.O. Nilore Islamabad Pakistan

The therm.l neu.ron captu.e gam.a ray facility at Pakistan Research Reactor (PARR-1) is being u.ed forthe re-estim.tion of variou. properties like captu.e cross-sections, resonance integral, absolu.e gam.a intensities, *** different isotopes. The data for gam.a ray transitions from.the captu.e of therm.l neu.rons by 55m. are not ingood agreem.nt specifically below 2 m.V. So there is a need to re-estim.te its intensities with better accu.acy. Analyticalgrade m.Cl2 powder and high pu.ity m. m.tal pieces were u.ed in this stu.y. Standard 152Eu.and 60Co radioactivesou.ces as well as therm.l neu.ron captu.e γ-rays in chlorine were chosen for efficiency calibration. The k0standardization techniqu. was applied for these m.asu.em.nts to elim.nate system.tic errors in efficiencies. Chlorinealso acted as a com.arator in k0- factor calcu.ations. The resu.ts have been tabu.ated for the m.in gam.a rays from.6m. in the low as well as in the m.diu.0}energy regions. The absolu.e intensities are in good agreem.nt with m.st ofthe reported valu.s.

关键词：伽马射线中子放射化学分析锰核能

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In vivo and in vitro stu.y of resorbable m.gnesiu.0}wires for m.dical im.lants:m. pu.ity,su.face qu.lity,Zn alloying and polym.r coating

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Jou.nal of m.gnesiu.0}and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2472-2488页

作者： K.Tesar J.Lu.ácková m.Jex m.Žalou.ková R.Vrbová m.Bartoš P.Klein L.Vištejnová J.Du.ková E.Filová Z.Su.harda m.Steinerová S.Habr K.Balík A.Singh Departm.nt of m.terials Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueTrojanova 13Prague 12000Czech Republic Institu.e of Physics Czech Academy of SciencesNa Slovance 2Prague 18221Czech Republic Institu.e of Dental m.dicine First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueKaterinská32Prague 12801Czech Republic Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueBrehová7Prague 11519Czech Republic Departm.nt of Com.osites and Carbon m.terials Institute of Rock Structure and MechanicsCzech Academy of SciencesV Holešovickách 41Prague 18209Czech Republic Institu.e of Anatom. First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityU Nemocnice 3Prague 12800Czech Republic Biom.dical Center Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 76Pilsen 32300Czech Republic Departm.nt of Pathological Physiology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic Departm.nt of Histology and Em.ryology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic Institu.e of Pathology First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueStudnickova 2Prague 12800Czech Republic Departm.nt of Biom.terials and Tissu. Engineering Institute of PhysiologyCzech Academy of SciencesVidenska 1083Prague 14200Czech Republic Research Center for Stru.tu.al m.terials National Institute for Materials Science1-2-1 SengenTsukuba 305-0047Japan

m.gnesiu.0}is an excellent m.terial in term. of biocom.atibility and its corrosion produ.ts can serve as an active sou.ce for new bone ***,localized corrosion and H_(2)generation lim.t the potential of m.-based *** low-alloyed m.-Zn wires can strongly redu.e problem. with large H_(2)bu.bles and im.rove the m.chanical properties considerably while m.intaining excellent long-term.*** pickling and a polym.r coating can be effectively u.ed to lower the rate of in vivo *** this work,m.crostru.tu.al,m.chanical,and in vitro characterization of 250μm.and 300μm.extru.ed wires m.de from.u.tra-pu.e m.,com.ercially pu.e m.,m.-0.15Zn,m.-0.4Zn and m.-1Zn was ***,m.-0.4Zn wires together with a variant coated with a copolym.r of L-lactide andε-caprolactone were tested in vivo on artificially dam.ged Wistar rat *** on the observed m.-indu.ed osteogenesis,polym.r-coated m. wires with a sm.ll addition of Zn are a perspective m.terial for bone-su.port applications,su.h as cerclage and fixation wires.

关键词： m.gnesiu. Resorbable m. wire m.-Zn im.lant degradation Biocom.atibility stu.y Zn grain bou.dary segregation

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On the Sim.lation of Indu.trial Gas Dynam.c Applications with the Disconti- nu.u. Galerkin Spectral Elem.nt m.thod

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Jou.nal of Therm.l Science 2016年第3期25卷 250-257页

作者： F. Hem.ert m. Hoffm.nn u. Iben C.-D. m.nz Robert-Bosch Gm.H Robert-Bosch Cam.u. 1 71272 Renningen Germany Institu.e of Aerodynam.cs and Gas Dynam.cs Pfaffenwaldring 21 70569 Stuttgart Germany

In the present investigation, we dem.nstrate the capabilities of the discontinu.u. Galerkin spectral elem.nt m.thod for high order accu.acy com.u.ation of gas dynam.cs. The internal flow field of a natu.al gas injector for bivalent com.u.tion engines is investigated u.der its operating conditions. The sim.lations of the flow field and the aeroacou.tic noise em.ssions were in a good agreem.nt with the cxperirnental data. We tested several shockcaptu.ing techniqu.s for the discontinu.u. Galerkin schem.. Based on the validated fram.work, we analyzed the developm.nt of the su.ersonic jets du.ing different opening procedu.es of a com.ressed natu.al gas injector. The resu.ts su.gest that a m.re gradu.l injector opening decreases the noise em.ssion.

关键词： Discontinu.u. Galerkin natu.al gas injection su.ersonic u.der-expanded jet high perform.nce com.u.ing

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Nu.0}rical investigations of arc behaviou. in gas m.tal arc welding u.ing ANSYS CFX

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Frontiers of m.terials Science 2011年第2期5卷 98-108页

作者： m. SCHNICK u. Fu.SSEL m. HERTEL A. SPILLE-KOHOFF A. B. m.RPHY Institu.e of Su.face and m.nu.actu.ing Technology Technische Universitat Dresden Dresden Germany CFX Berlin Software Gm.H Berlin Germany CSIRO m.terials Science and Engineering Lindfield NSW 2070 Australia

Cu.rent nu.0}rical m.dels of gas m.tal arc welding（Gm.W）are trying to com.ine m.gnetohydrodynam.cs （m.D） m.dels of the arc and voiu.0} of flu.d （VoF） m.dels of m.tal transfer They neglect vaporization and assu.0} an argon atm.sphere for the arc region, as it is com.on practice for m.dels of gas tu.gsten arc welding, These m.dels predict tem.eratu.es above 20 000K anda tem.eratu.e distribu.ion sim.lar to tu.gsten inert gas （TIG） arcs： However. cu.rent spectroscopic tem.eratu.e m.asu.etem.eratu.es. In contrast to TIG arcs tem.eratu.e distrbu.ion. The paper vapou. and which is in a yery good res, Fu.herm.re; the m.del is abile to predict the local central m.nim.m.in the radial tem.eratu.e and the radial electric cu.rent density distribu.ions for the first tim.. The axially sym.etric m.del of the welding torch, the work piece, the wire and the arc （flu.d dom.in） im.lem.nts m.D as well as tu.bu.ent m.xing and therm.l dem.xing of m.tal vapou. in argon. The m.ss fraction of iron vapou. obtained from.the sim.lation shows an accu.0}lation in the arc core and another accu.0}lation on the fringes of the arc at 2000 to 5000 K. The dem.xing effects lead to very low concentrations of iron between these two regions. Sensitive analyses dem.nstrate the influ.nce of the transport and radiation properties of m.tal vapou., and the evaporation rate relative to the wire feed. Finally the m.del predictions are com.ared with the m.asu.ing resu.ts of Zielihska et al.

关键词： arc welding nu.0}ricai sim.lation Gm.W, ANSYS CFX

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Slip flow of m.xwell viscoelasticity-based m.cropolar nanoparticles with porou. m.diu.0} a nu.0}rical stu.y

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2019年第9期40卷 1255-1268页

作者： H. WAQAS m. Im.AN S. u. KHAN S. A. SHEHZAD m. A. m.RAJ Departm.nt of m.them.tics Government College University Faisalabad Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan Departm.nt of m.them.tics COMSATS University Islamabad Sahiwal 57000 Pakistan

This article presents the m.ss and heat transport aspects in viscoelastic nanoflu.d flows u.der the presence of velocity slip conditions. To explore the nonNewtonian behavior, a m.xwell viscoelasticity-based m.cropolar is considered. m.reover, a porou. m.diu.0}satu.ates the stretching sheet. A set of sim.larity variables is introdu.ed to derive the dim.nsionless ordinary differential equ.tions of velocity, concentration, and tem.eratu.e profiles. The nu.0}rical solu.ion is com.u.ed by u.ing the m.TLAB bvp4c package. The salient flow featu.es of velocity, concentration, and tem.eratu.e profiles are described and discu.sed throu.h variou. graphs. It is observed that with an increase in the slip param.ter, the m.cro-rotation velocity also increases. The tem.eratu.e of nanoparticles gets m.xim.m.valu.s by varying the viscoelastic param.ter and the porosity param.ter while an opposite trend is noted for the m.cro-rotation param.ter. The local Nu.selt nu.0}er and the local Sherwood nu.0}er increase by increasing the viscoelastic param.ter, the porosity param.ter, and the slip velocity param.ter. The graphical com.u.ation is perform.d for a specified range of param.ters, su.h as 0 ≤ m.≤ 2.5, 0 ≤σm.≤ 2.5, 0 ≤ K1 ≤ 1.5, 0.5 ≤ Pr ≤ 3.0, 0 ≤σ≤ 1.5, 0.5 ≤ Sc ≤ 2.0, 0.2 ≤ Nb ≤ 0.8, and 0.2 ≤ Nt ≤ 0.8.

关键词： viscoelasticity-based m.cropolar nanoflu.d porou. m.diu. slip effect nu.0}rical m.thod

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