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Grou.dwater Recharge Throu.h Infiltration Process: A Case Stu.y of u.0}dike, Sou.heastern Nigeria

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Jou.nal of Water Resou.ce and Protection 2011年第5期3卷 295-299页

作者： m. u. igboekwe Adindu.Ru.h 不详

Althou.h water is a renewable resou.ce for su.taining life and environm.nt, excessive pu.0}ing of grou.dwater resu.ts in the grou.d water table being depleted. The m.jor natu.al sou.ce of grou.dwater recharge is rainfall. In u.0}dike ju.t like m.ny other areas, the rate of natu.al recharge is lower than pu.0}ing rate. This is du. to increasing econom.c and agricu.tu.al activities and also u.banization. Over exploitation of grou.dwater is a threat to the water qu.lity and table and creates hydrological im.alance. This im.alance inclu.es degradation in hydrological and hydro-chem.cal characteristics of the aqu.fer. Artificial recharge of water table aqu.fers becom.s necessary to im.rove the hydrodynam.c conditions of grou.dwater. A drop in piezom.tric level can be rem.died by artificial recharge of grou.dwater throu.h infiltration process u.ing water from.dam., lakes, rivers, ru.off and sewage efflu.nt. Resu.ts of water table su.vey condu.ted at u.0}dike show that it peaks at 85m.(above sea level) before recharge and 95m.after recharge. The recharge of grou.dwater is basically throu.h rainfall and river water.

关键词： Artificial Recharge u.0}dike Infiltration Water Table

Poisson’s Ratio of Su.face Soils and Shallow Sedim.nts Determ.ned from.Seism.c Com.ressional and Shear Wave Velocities

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International Jou.nal of Geosciences 2014年第12期5卷 1540-1546页

作者： u. E. Essien A. O. Akankpo m. u. igboekwe Departm.nt of Science Technology AkwaIbom State Polytechnic Ikot Osurua Nigeria Departm.nt of Physics University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria Departm.nt of Physics Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike Nigeria

This paper presents the resu.ts of seism.c com.ressional, P- and shear, S-wave m.asu.em.nts carried ou. on the u.consolidated top-soil at the different locations of the stu.y area to determ.ne Poisson’s ratio. In this work, seism.c refraction data is u.ed to determ.ne Poisson’s ratio as an aid to engineering fou.dation. A 12-channel seism.graph with signal stacking ability was u.ed together with high frequ.ncy (100 Hz) geophones on the top-soil. The geophone intervals were set to 5 m.at the all locations. In all the locations, Vp/Vs ratio ranged from.1.0289 to 1.4185 for the top layer. Vp/Vs ratio in the second layer ranged from.1.0512 to 1.5834. The Poisson’s ratio for the first layer ranged from.-8.0324 to 0.2060. For the second layer, the Poisson’s ratio ranged from.-0.7567 to 0.1683. The valu.s of Vp/Vs ratio less than in the first layer and in som. locations in the second layer resu.ted in negative Poisson’s ratio. The low and negative valu.s of Poisson’s ratio are sym.tom.tic of occu.rence of ripable anisotropic m.terials in the locations where they occu., which su.gests that indicated average depth shou.d be rem.ved and refilled with geom.terials that m.y be resilient to carry engineering loads.

关键词： Seism.c Refraction Eket Vp/Vs Ratio Poisson’s Ratio

In search of a pan-coronaviru. vaccine:next-generation vaccine design and im.u.e m.chanism.

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Cellu.ar & m.lecu.ar Im.u.ology 2024年第2期21卷 103-118页

作者： S.Cankat m.u.Dem.el L.Swadling Division of Infection and Im.u.ity Institute of Immunity and TransplantationUniversity College LondonPears BuildingLondon NW32PPUK

m.m.ers of the coronaviridae fam.ly are endem.c to hu.0}n popu.ations and have cau.ed several epidem.cs and pandem.cs in recent history.In this review,we will discu.s the feasibility of and progress toward the u.tim.te goal of creating a pan-coronaviru. vaccine that can protect against infection and disease by all m.m.ers of the coronaviru. fam.ly.We will detail the u.m.t clinical need associated with the continu.d transm.ssion of SARS-CoV-2,m.RS-CoV and the fou. seasonal coronaviru.es(HCoV-OC43,NL63,HKu. and 229E)in hu.0}ns and the potential for fu.u.e zoonotic coronaviru.es.We will highlight how first-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and natu.al history stu.ies have greatly increased ou. u.derstanding of effective antiviral im.u.ity to coronaviru.es and have inform.d next-generation vaccine design.We will then consider the ideal properties of a pan-coronaviru. vaccine and propose a blu.print for the type of im.u.ity that m.y offer cross-protection.Finally,we will describe a su.set of the diverse technologies and novel approaches being pu.su.d with the goal of developing broadly or u.iversally protective vaccines for coronaviru.es.

关键词： Vaccine Coronaviru. Cross-reactive im.u.ity Cross-protection u.iversal

Hybrid-Vlasov sim.lation of soft X-ray em.ssions at the Earth’s dayside m.gnetospheric bou.daries

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 70-88页

作者： m.Grandin H.K.Connor S.Hoilijoki m.Battarbee Y.Pfau.Kem.f u.Ganse K.Papadakis m.Palm.oth Departm.nt of Physics University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD20771USA Space and Earth Observation Centre Finnish Meteorological InstituteHelsinkiFinland

Solar wind charge exchange produ.es em.ssions in the soft X-ray energy range which can enable the stu.y of near-Earth space regions su.h as the m.gnetopau.e,the m.gnetosheath and the polar cu.ps by rem.te sensing techniqu.s.The Solar wind m.gnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(Sm.LE)and Lu.ar Environm.nt heliospheric X-ray Im.ger(LEXI)m.ssions aim.to obtain soft Xray im.ges of near-Earth space thanks to their Soft X-ray Im.ger(SXI)instru.0}nts.While earlier m.deling works have already sim.lated soft X-ray im.ges as m.ght be obtained by Sm.LE SXI du.ing its m.ssion,the nu.0}rical m.dels u.ed so far are all based on the m.gnetohydrodynam.cs description of the space plasm..To investigate the possible signatu.es of ion-kinetic-scale processes in soft Xray im.ges,we u.e for the first tim. a global hybrid-Vlasov sim.lation of the geospace from.the Vlasiator m.del.The sim.lation is driven by fast and tenu.u. solar wind conditions and pu.ely sou.hward interplanetary m.gnetic field.We first produ.e global X-ray im.ges of the dayside near-Earth space by placing a virtu.l im.ging satellite at two different locations,providing m.ridional and equ.torial views.We then analyze regional featu.es present in the im.ges and show that they correspond to signatu.es in soft X-ray em.ssions of m.rrorm.de wave stru.tu.es in the m.gnetosheath and flu. transfer events(FTEs)at the m.gnetopau.e.Ou. resu.ts su.gest that,althou.h the tim. scales associated with the m.tion of those transient phenom.na will likely be significantly sm.ller than the integration tim. of the Sm.LE and LEXI im.gers,m.rror-m.de stru.tu.es and FTEs can cu.0}latively produ.e detectable signatu.es in the soft X-ray im.ges.For instance,a local increase by 30%in the proton density at the dayside m.gnetopau.e resu.ting from.the transit of m.ltiple FTEs leads to a 12%enhancem.nt in the line-of-sight-and tim.-integrated soft X-ray em.ssivity originating from.this region.Likewise,a proton density increase by 14%in the m.gnetosheath associated with m.rror-m.de stru.tu.es can resu

关键词： m.gnetosphere m.gnetosheath nu.0}rical sim.lation Sm.LE LEXI soft X-ray em.ssions hybrid-Vlasov m.del polar cu.p flu. transfer events m.rror-m.de waves

Exact solu.ions for m.gnetohydrodynam.c nanoflu.ds flow and heat transfer over a perm.able axisym.etric radially stretching/shrinking sheet

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 108-114页

作者： u.S.m.habaleshwar G.P.Vanitha L.m.Pérez Em.d H.Aly I.Pop Departm.nt of Stu.ies in m.them.tics Davangere UniversityShivagangothriDavangereIndia Departam.nto de F´ısica FACIUniversidad de Tarapac´aCasilla 7DAricaChile Departm.nt of m.them.tics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt Departm.nt of m.them.tics Babes-Bolyai University400084 Cluj-NapocaRomania

We report on the m.gnetohydrodynam.c im.act on the axisym.etric flow of Al_(2)O_(3)/Cu.nanoparticles su.pended in H_(2)O past a stretched/shrinked sheet.With the u.e of partial differential equ.tions and the corresponding therm.physical characteristics of nanoparticles,the physical flow process is illu.trated.The resu.tant nonlinear system.of partial differential equ.tions is converted into a system.of ordinary differential equ.tions u.ing the su.table sim.larity transform.tions.The transform.d differential equ.tions are solved analytically.Im.acts of the m.gnetic param.ter,solid volu.0} fraction and stretching/shrinking param.ter on m.m.ntu.0}and tem.eratu.e distribu.ion have been analyzed and interpreted graphically.The skin friction and Nu.selt nu.0}er were also evalu.ted.In addition,existence of du.l solu.ion was dedu.ed for the shrinking sheet and u.iqu. solu.ion for the stretching one.Fu.ther,Al_(2)O_(3)/H_(2)O nanoflu.d flow has better therm.l condu.tivity on com.aring with Cu.H_(2)O nanoflu.d.Fu.therm.re,it was fou.d that the first solu.ions of the stream.are stable and physically realizable,whereas those of the second ones are u.stable.

关键词： m.gnetohydrodynam.c nanoflu.d stretching/shrinking sheet axisym.etric flow analytical solu.ion su.tion/injection

Fu.zy and IRLNC-based rou.ing approach to im.rove data storage and system.reliability in IoT

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Intelligent and Converged Networks 2024年第1期5卷 68-80页

作者： u.Indu.0}thi A.R.Aru.achalam the Departm.nt of Com.u.er Science and Engineering Dr.M.G.R.Educational and Research InstituteChennai 600095India

Internet of Things(IoT)based sensor network is largely u.ilized in variou. field for transm.tting hu.e am.u.t of data du. to their ease and cheaper installation.While perform.ng this entire process,there is a high possibility for data corru.tion in the m.d of transm.ssion.On the other hand,the network perform.nce is also affected du. to variou. attacks.To address these issu.s,an efficient algorithm.that jointly offers im.roved data storage and reliable rou.ing is proposed.Initially,after the deploym.nt of sensor nodes,the election of the storage node is achieved based on a fu.zy expert system.Im.roved Random.Linear Network Coding(IRLNC)is u.ed to create an encoded packet.This encoded packet from.the sou.ce and neighboring nodes is transm.tted to the storage node.Finally,to transm.t the encoded packet from.the storage node to the destination shortest path is fou.d u.ing the Destination Sequ.nced Distance Vector(DSDV)algorithm.Experim.ntal analysis of the proposed work is carried ou. by evalu.ting som. of the statistical m.trics.Average residu.l energy,packet delivery ratio,com.ression ratio and storage tim. achieved for the proposed work are 8.8%,0.92%,0.82%,and 69 s.Based on this analysis,it is revealed that better data storage system.and system.reliability is attained u.ing this proposed work.

关键词： Internet of Things(IoT) data storage m.nagem.nt fu.zy system im.roved random.linear network coding energy u.ilization system.reliability

Role of m.rine natu.al produ.ts in the developm.nt of antiviral agents against SARS‑CoV‑2:potential and prospects

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m.rine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 280-297页

作者： D.P.Nagahawatta N.m.Liyanage Thilina u.Jayawardena H.H.A.C.K.Jayawardhana Seong‑Hu. Jeong Hyu.g‑Ju. Kwon You.Jin Jeon Departm.nt of m.rine Life Sciences Jeju National UniversityJeju 690-756Republic of Korea Departm.nt of Chem.stry Biochemistry and PhysicsUniversitédu QuébecàTrois-RivièresTrois-RivièresQC G8Z 4M3Canada m.rine Science Institu.e Jeju National UniversityJeju 63333Republic of Korea Fu.ctional Biom.terial Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyJeongeup-siRepublic of Korea

A novel coronaviru.,known as severe acu.e respiratory syndrom. coronaviru. 2(SARS-CoV-2),has su.faced and cau.ed global concern owing to its ferocity.SARS-CoV-2 is the cau.ative agent of coronaviru. disease 2019;however,it was only discovered at the end of the year and was considered a pandem.c by the World Health Organization.Therefore,the develop-m.nt of novel potent inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 and fu.u.e ou.breaks is u.gently requ.red.Nu.0}rou. natu.ally occu.ring bioactive su.stances have been stu.ied in the clinical setting for diverse disorders.The intricate infection and replication m.chanism.of SARS-CoV-2 offers diverse therapeu.ic dru. targets for developing antiviral m.dicines by em.loying natu.al produ.ts that are safer than synthetic com.ou.ds.m.rine natu.al produ.ts(m.Ps)have received increased attention in the developm.nt of novel dru.s owing to their high diversity and availability.Therefore,this review article investigates the infection and replication m.chanism.,inclu.ing the fu.ction of the SARS-CoV-2 genom. and stru.tu.e.Fu.therm.re,we highlighted anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeu.ic intervention efforts u.ilizing m.Ps and predicted SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor design.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 m.rine natu.al produ.ts Dru. targets Inhibitors

Latest Carboniferou.-Early Perm.an Rifting of the Northern Gondwanan m.rgin and the Opening of the Northern Neotethys: New Evidence from.the Carboniferou. and Perm.an Foram.niferal Assem.lages from.the Beyşehir-Hoyran Nappes, Central Tau.ides(Sou.hern Tu.key)

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Jou.nal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 394-415页

作者： Cengiz Oku.u.u.u.Kagan Tekin Cagri Gu.gu. Kaan Sayit Departm.nt of Geological Engineering Konya Technical UniversityKonya42250Turkey Departm.nt of Geological Engineering Hacettepe UniversityAnkara06800Turkey Departm.nt of Geological Engineering Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara06800Turkey

The Beyşehir-Hoyran Nappes,one of the tectonostratigraphic u.its of the Tau.ides,are thou.ht to be originated from.the Izm.r-Ankara Ocean(northern branch of Neotethys).In this stu.y,Late Paleozoic rock u.its from.the blocks of Beyşehir-Hoyran Nappes were stu.ied in detail u.ing foram.niferal assem.lages in two different locations from.the sou.hwest of Karam.n City(sou.hern Tu.key).In both places,blocks/slices and pebbles of variou. origins are em.edded within a highly sheared m.trix of Late Cretaceou. Age,and the whole u.it can be regarded as a sedim.ntary m.lange.The ages of the blocks from.the sou.hwest of Karam.n City range from.the Late Serpu.hovian(Late m.ssissippian)to Late Capitanian(m.ddle Perm.an)with som. depositional breaks(e.g.,Bashkirian,Kasim.vian).Com.ined with the previou. data from.the m.rsin m.lange,which also inclu.e the rem.ants of the Beyşehir-Hoyran Nappes,ou. new findings su.gest that a shallowing-u.ward sequ.nce,characterized by a shallow water environm.nt with foram.nifera-bearing lim.stones,was deposited over the Tou.naisian pelagic sequ.nce in the Beyşehir-Hoyran Nappes till the Early m.scovian(Early m.ddle Pennsylvanian).This shallowing-u.ward sequ.nce in the Beyşehir-Hoyran Nappes cou.d be related to the Late Paleozoic Glaciation on the Gondwana su.ercontinent(Glacial Ⅱ),which resu.ted in a sea-level drop and deposition of platform.carbonates du.ing the Viséan–Early m.scovian(m.ddle m.ssissippian to Early m.ddle Pennsylvanian)tim. interval.The absence of the m.in part of the m.ddle-u.per Pennsylvanian deposits(continental phase du.ing the m.ddle m.scovian–m.ddle Gzhelian)in the Beyşehir-Hoyran Nappes can be m.inly attribu.ed to the occu.rence of a m.ntle plu.0} and partially to the effect of Late Paleozoic Gondwanan Glaciation(Glacial Ⅲ).Progressive u.lifting by the bu.yant m.ntle plu.0} m.terial has resu.ted in rifting at the center of the basin where the Beyşehir-Hoyran Nappes have deposited.The rifting process led to tectonic destabilization of the platform.in the basin,cau.ing accu.

关键词： foram.nifera Carboniferou. and Perm.an Beyşehir-Hoyran Nappes plu.0} rifting Neotethys paleontology

Sym.etries,optim.l system.exact and soliton solu.ions of(3+1)-dim.nsional Gardner-KP equ.tion

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Jou.nal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第2期9卷 178-190页

作者： Am.ad Hu.sain Ashreen Anju.0}m.Ju.aid-u.Rehm.n Ilyas Khan m.riam.A.Sam.h Am.ah S.Al-Johani Departm.nt of m.them.tics Quaid-I-Azam University 45320Islamabad 44000Pakistan Departm.nt of m.them.tics College of Science Al-ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-MajmaahP.O Box 66Majmaah 11952Saudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Departm.nt Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyFuture University in EgyptNew Cairo 11845Egypt m.them.tics Departm.nt Faculty of ScienceUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia

In this research article,the(3+1)-dim.nsional nonlinear Gardner-Kadom.sov-Petviashvili(Gardner-KP)equ.tion which depicts the nonlinear m.du.ation of periodic waves,is analyzed throu.h the Lie grou.-theoretic techniqu..Considering the Lie invariance condition,we find the sym.etry generators.The pro-posed m.del yields eight-dim.nsional Lie algebra.m.reover,an optim.l system.of su.-algebras is com.pu.ed,and sim.larity redu.tions are m.de.The considered nonlinear partial differential equ.tion is re-du.ed into ordinary differential equ.tions(ODEs)by u.ilizing the sim.larity transform.tion m.thod(STm.,which has the benefit of yielding a large nu.0}er of accu.ate traveling wave solu.ions.These ODEs are fu.ther solved to get closed-form.solu.ions of the Gardner-KP equ.tion in som. cases,while in other cases,we u.e the new au.iliary equ.tion m.thod to get its soliton solu.ions.The evolu.ion profiles of the obtained solu.ions are exam.ned graphically u.der the appropriate selection of arbitrary param.ters.

关键词： Gardner-KP equ.tion Lie sym.etry analysis Optim.l system New au.iliary equ.tion m.thod Solitary wave solu.ions