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Chan.es in.children.s cardiorespiratory fitn.ss an. body m.ss in.ex over the course of the COVID‑19 pan.em.c:a 34‑m.n.h lon.itudin.l study of 331 prim.ry school children

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World Journ.l of Pediatrics 2024年第2期20卷 185-188页

作者： Gerald Jarn.g Rein.old Kerbl m.reille n.m.van.Poppel In.titute of Hum.n.m.vem.n. Scien.e Sport and HealthUniversity of GrazMozartgasse 148010 GrazAustria Departm.n. of Pediatrics an. Adolescen. m.dicin. LKH Hochsteiermark8700 LeobenAustria

In.late 2019,heavy restriction. were en.orced on.public activities worldwide to dim.n.sh the spread of the severe acute respiratory syn.rom. coron.virus 2(SARS-CoV-2)virus[1].These restriction.,which in.luded school closures an. strictly lim.ted sports an. leisure opportun.ties,particularly im.acted children.an. adolescen.s[2].Lifestyle chan.es in.children.an. adolescen.s led to reduced physical activity levels[2,3],in.reased seden.ary behavior[3,4],chan.es in.eatin. habits,an. chan.es in.sleep habits[3].

关键词： respiratory acute children

Volcan.c Risk Perception.an. Copin. Strategies from.m.un.s Cam.roon.an. n.iragon.o Eruption., Cen.ral Africa: A Com.arative An.lysis

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Journ.l of Geoscien.e an. En.iron.0}n. Protection 2024年第6期12卷 161-189页

作者： m.bel n. Wan.im.In.ocen. Bradriyo Ason. F. Zisuh Louis m. Balgawa m.ro Yan.ah Katcho Karum. n.e-Fon.Peter Bih Am.an.n.hin. L. Wayih Em.an.el V. Yen.hu Sam.el n. Ayon.he Un.t of Disaster Risk m.n.gem.n. Department of Environmental Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon Observatoire Volcan.logique de Gom. (OVG) Goma Democratic Republic of the Congo In.titute of Geological an. m.n.n. Research (IRGm. Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Health Scien.es University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Social an. m.n.gem.n. Scien.es University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Approxim.tely 2,000,000 people are exposed to volcan.c risks in.com.un.ties situated at the flan.s of m.un.s Cam.roon.(m.) an. n.iragon.o (m.) volcan.es in.Cen.ral Africa. This study therefore sought to in.estigate risk perception.from.four previous eruption. of m., n.m.ly the 1959, 1982, 1999, an. 2000 eruption.;an. two previous eruption. of m.: 1977 an. 2002. The study was in.tiated with co-design.workshops held with m.jor stakeholders in.the cities of Buea an. Gom. at the flan.s of m. an. m., respectively, in.2017, to develop the research objectives for the study. A n.n.ran.om.question.aire survey was later con.ucted within.14 an. 15 com.un.ties in.Buea an. Gom. respectively, on.the effects, perceived risks, an. copin. strategies for the chosen.eruption.. Three age groups (18 - 30, 31 - 45 an. >45 years) an. gen.er (m.le an. fem.le) were con.idered. The population.at the flan.s of both volcan.es cited scien.ific an. in.igen.us factors to be respon.ible for eruption. from.these volcan.es. At m. an. m., ≥45% of the sam.led participan.s (with a higher fem.le population. perceived that the sam.led eruption. posed a very high risk to the population. In.term. of the effects, the age group of 18 - 30 was the least kn.wledgeable. In.term. of direct effect on.person., over 90% of participan.s at m. an. m. attested that they were overcom. by fear/pan.c. On.m.asures to cope with an. likely eruption. the followin. order was established at the flan.s of both volcan.es: sen.itization.of population. use of religious (prayers) an. of tradition.l/in.igen.us strategies. In.term. of future copin. strategies, while the m.les at m. m.in.ain.d sen.itization.as the favourite option. 62% of the m.les at m. opted for tradition.l/in.igen.us strategies. The fem.le population.at both m. an. m. showed a higher preferen.e for religious strategies like prayers.

关键词： Risk Perception m.un. Cam.roon m.un. n.iragon.o In.igen.us Buea Gom.

Dust particle surface poten.ial in.an.argon.elium.plasm. usin. the(r,q)-distribution.fun.tion

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Com.un.cation. in.Theoretical Physics 2024年第9期76卷 141-148页

作者： Bahaaudin.m.Raffah A A Abid Abdullah Khan.Am.n.Esm.eili Yas Al-Hadeethi m.n.S Qureshi Departm.n. of Physics Faculty of SciencesKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Lithography in.Devices Fabrication.an. Developm.n. Research Group Deanship of Scientific ResearchKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Join. Laboratory of Plasm. Application.Techn.logy Institute of Advanced TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace En.iron.0}n. University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Departm.n. of Physics Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua321005China Departm.n. of Physics Graduate School of ScienceTokyo Metropolitan UniversityMinami-Osawa 1-1Hachioji City192-0397Japan Departm.n. of Physics GC UniversityLahore 54000Pakistan

In.this paper,the dust particle surface poten.ial for argon.helium.plasm. is evaluated an.lytically an. n.m.rically in.the con.ext of n.gatively charged dust particles by em.loyin. a power-law(r,q)-distribution.*** studies have reported the argon.helium.plasm. an. con.ucted a brief theoretical an. experim.n.al *** deepen.our un.erstan.in. further,this study aim. to an.lyze the argon.helium.plasm. com.rehen.ively usin. the sam. pattern.but with the(r,q)-distribution.*** this purpose,the curren. balan.e equation. are derived for electron.helium.an. argon.ion.,when.these charge species attain.the quasin.utrality *** n.m.rically exam.n.d the curren.s of plasm. species for a broad ran.e of effective distribution.fun.tion.param.ters r an. *** is revealed that the surface poten.ial of dust particles is sign.fican.ly affected by the param.ters r an. q,helium.ion.to-electron.tem.erature ratio,argon.ion.to-electron.tem.erature ratio,an. helium.ion.to argon.ion.n.m.er den.ity *** in.orporatin. the m.lti-ion.argon.helium.species,the sign.fican.e of low-tem.erature n.n.0}xwellian.dusty(com.lex)plasm. is briefly exam.n.d.

关键词： dusty plasm. dust charge poten.ial plasm. physics helium.argon.plasm. r q distribution.fun.tion n.n.m.xwellian.distribution

Solar-assisted photocatalytic water splittin. usin. defective UiO-66 solids from.m.dulated syn.hesis

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n.n. Research 2024年第5期17卷 4134-4150页

作者： Celia m.Rueda-n.varro m.ría Cabrero-An.on.n. Paula Escam.lla Valen.ín.Díez-Caban.s Don. Fan.Pedro Atien.ar Belén.Ferrer Ign.cio Vayá Guillaum. m.urin.Herm. G.Baldoví Sergio n.valón Departam.n.o de Quím.ca Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaCamino de Vera s/nValencia 46022Spain In.tituto de Cien.ia m.lecular(ICm.L) Universitat de ValènciaPaterna 46980Spain ICGm Univ.MontpellierCNRSENSCMMontpellier34095France In.tituto de Tecn.logía Quím.ca(UPV-CSIC) Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaAvenida de los Naranjos s/nValencia 46022Spain

m.tal-organ.c fram.works(m.Fs)are attractin. in.reasin. in.erests as photocatalysts for solar-driven.hydrogen.production.from.*** paper reports on.a com.arative study of usin. either acetic acid(AA)or trifluoroacetic acid(TFA)as the represen.ative UiO-66 organ.c m.dulators for syn.hesizin. visible light respon.ive UiO-66(Zr)-X(X:n._(2) or n._(2))photocatalysts for water *** results show that photocatalytic hydrogen.gen.ration.from.a water/m.than.l m.xture can.be im.roved by varyin. the n.ture an. am.un. of the m.dulator em.loyed to prepare the differen. UiO-66(Zr)-X(X:n._(2) or n._(2))solid ***-66(Zr)-n._(2) was the m.st active photocatalyst,followed by UiO-66(Zr)-n._(2),both prepared with 12 equivalen.s of AA with respect to the organ.c *** UiO-66(Zr)-n._(2) solid was m.re active than.the paren. m.F in.photocatalytic overall water splittin.(OWS)(H_(2) an. O_(2) production.of 450 an. 160μm.l·g^(-1),respectively,in.5 h;apparen. quan.um.yield(AQY)at 400 n.0}of 0.06%)in.the absen.e of m.than.l an. com.ares favourably with an.logous *** on.the photocatalytic activity of the m.st active solids of both series was obtain.d by m.an. of a series of techn.ques,in.ludin. ultraviolet-visible(UV-vis)diffuse reflectan.e,X-ray photoelectron.spectroscopy(XPS),laser flash photolysis(LFP),electron.spin.reson.n.e(ESR),photolum.n.scen.e an. photoelectrochem.cal m.asurem.n.s together with den.ity fun.tion.l theory(DFT)*** results showed that organ.c acid m.dulators can.be used to en.an.e the photocatalytic activity of m.ssin. lin.er UiO-66 defective m.terials in.solar-powered water splittin..

关键词： heterogen.ous photocatalysis m.tal-organ.c fram.works(m.Fs) UiO-66 m.terials carboxylic acid m.dulators water splittin. solar light

In.situ study of the m.crostructure evolution.durin. ten.ion.of a m.-Y-Zn.Al alloy processed by rapidly solidified ribbon.con.olidation.techn.que

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Journ.l of m.gn.sium.an. Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 2024-2040页

作者： Jen. Gubicza Kristián.m.this Péter n.gy Péter Jen.i Zoltán.Hegedus An.rea Farkas Jozef Vesely Shin.ichi In.ue Daria Drozden.o Yoshihito Kawam.ra Departm.n. of m.terials Physics Faculty of ScienceEotvos Loránd UniversityPázmány P.sétány 1/ABudapest H-1117Hungary Departm.n. of Physics of m.terials Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversityKe Karlovu 512116 Praha 2Czech Republic Deutsches Elektron.n.Syn.hrotron.DESY Notkestr.85Hamburg 22603Germany m.gn.sium.Research Cen.er Kumamoto University2-39-1 KurokamiChuo-kuKumamoto 860-8555Japan

m.-Y-Zn.Al alloys processed by rapidly solidified ribbon.con.olidation.RSRC)techn.que exhibit an.exception.l m.chan.cal perform.n.e in.icatin. prom.sin. application.*** m.terial has a bim.dal m.crostructure con.istin. of fin. recrystallized an. coarse n.n.recrystallized grain. with solute-rich stackin. faults form.n. cluster arran.ed layers(CALs)an. n.n.plates(CAn.Ps),or com.lete lon. period stackin. ordered(LPSO)*** order to reveal the deform.tion.m.chan.sm.,in.situ syn.hrotron.X-ray diffraction.lin. profile an.lysis was em.loyed for a detailed study of the dislocation.arran.em.n. created durin. ten.ion.in.m.-0.9%Zn.2.05%Y-0.15%Al(at%)*** un.overin. the effect of the in.tial m.crostructure on.the m.chan.cal perform.n.e,addition.l sam.les were obtain.d by an.ealin. of the as-con.olidated specim.n.at 300 an. 400℃ for 2 *** heat treatm.n. at 300℃ had n. sign.fican. effect on.the in.tial m.crostructure,its evolution.durin. ten.ion.an.,thus,the overall deform.tion.behavior un.er ten.ile *** the other han.,an.ealin. at 400℃ resulted in.a sign.fican. in.rease of the recrystallized grain. fraction.an. a decrease of the dislocation.den.ity,leadin. to on.y m.n.r degradation.of the m.chan.cal *** m.xim.m.dislocation.den.ity at the failure of the sam.les correspon.in. to the plastic strain.of 10-25% was estim.ted to be about 16-20×10^(14)m.(-2).The diffraction.profile an.lysis in.icated that m.st dislocation. form.d durin. ten.ion.were of n.n.basal an. pyram.dal types,what was also in.agreem.n. with the Schm.d factor values revealed in.epen.en.ly from.orien.ation.*** was also shown.that the dislocation.in.uced Taylor harden.n. was m.ch lower below the plastic strain.of 3% than.above this value,which was explain.d by a m.del of the in.eraction.between.prism.tic dislocation. an. CAn.Ps/LPSO plates.

关键词： m.-Zn.Y-Al alloy Lon. period stackin. ordered(LPSO)phase Cluster arran.ed n.n.plates(CAn.Ps) An.ealin. Ten.ion Dislocation.den.ity Harden.n.

Further Studies of the Cap Pushin. Respon.e in.Hon.y Bees (Apis m.llifera)

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n.tural Scien.e 2024年第5期16卷 45-64页

作者： Riley J. Win.heski Kiri Li n. Stauch Laura m. Grossn.r m.ya B. Zepeda Jam.s W. Grice Charles I. Abram.on Departm.n. of Psychology Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Laboratory of Com.arative Psychology an. Behavioral Biology Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Departm.n. of Earth an. En.iron.0}n.al Scien.es California State University Fresno USA

The Cap Pushin. Respon.e (CPR) is a free-flyin. techn.que used to study learn.n. an. m.m.ry in.hon.y bees (Apis m.llifera). The series of experim.n.s outlin.d in.this paper aim.d to test whether hon.y bees exhibit the cogn.tive con.ept of “expectan.y” utilizin. the CPR in.a weight differen.iation.paradigm. Five previous experim.n.s in.our laboratory have explored whether the con.ept of expectan.y can.accoun. for hon.y bee perform.n.e an. have all failed to support the cogn.tive in.erpretation. The first experim.n. exam.n.d if bees could differen.iate between.the two caps in.the am.un. of force they used to push the cap an. the distan.e the cap was pushed when.the caps were presen.ed on. at a tim.. The secon. experim.n. explored cap weight preferen.e by presen.in. bees with a choice between.the two caps. The third an. fourth experim.n.s tested the bee’s ability to expect reward or pun.shm.n. based on.cap weight. Results revealed that bees were foun. to have a stron. preferen.e for the light cap an. therefore were n.t able to expect reward or pun.shm.n. based on.cap weight. These experim.n.s con.ribute to the debate on.whether bees have “cogn.tive” represen.ation. an. con.in.e to support the behaviorist in.erpretation.

关键词： Apis m.llifera Cap Pushin. Respon.e Cogn.tion Learn.n.

Gen.ration.of polarized electron.beam. through self-in.ection.in.the in.eraction.of a laser with a pre-polarized plasm.

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High Power Laser Scien.e an. En.in.erin. 2024年第3期12卷 62-68页

作者： L.R.Yin.X.F.Li Y.J.Gu n.Cao Q.Kon. m.Büscher S.m.Wen. m.Chen.Z.m.Shen. Key Laboratory of n.clear Physics an. Ion.beam.Application.m.E) Institute of Modern PhysicsDepartment of Nuclear Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina SAn.En.In.titute of Scien.ific an. In.ustrial Research) Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Sichuan.Research In.titute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChengduChina Peter Grün.erg In.titut(PGI-6) Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany In.titut für Laser-un. Plasm.physik Heinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Key Laboratory for Laser Plasm.s(m.E) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Collaborative In.ovation.Cen.er of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Tsun.-Dao Lee In.titute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Polarized electron.beam.production.via laser wakefield acceleration.in.pre-polarized plasm. is in.estigated by particlein.cell *** evolution.of the electron.beam.polarization.is studied based on.the Thom.s±Bargm.n.±m.chel±Telegdi equation.for the tran.verse an. lon.itudin.l self-in.ection.an. the depolarization.process is foun. to be in.luen.ed by the in.ection.*** the case of tran.verse self-in.ection.as foun. typically in.the bubble regim.,the spin.precession.of the accelerated electron. is m.in.y in.luen.ed by the ***,in.the case of lon.itudin.l in.ection.in.the quasi-1D regim.(for exam.le,*** et al.,***.110,135002(2013)),the direction.of electron.spin.oscillates in.the laser *** the electron. m.ve aroun. the laser axis,the n.t in.luen.e of the laser field is n.arly zero an. the con.ribution.of the wakefield can.be ***,an.ultra-short electron.beam.with polarization.of 99%can.be obtain.d usin. lon.itudin.l self-in.ection.

关键词： laser wakefield acceleration lon.itudin.l self-in.ection particle-in.cell sim.lation polarized electron.beam

Therm.l perform.n.e of dom.d roof in.air-con.ition.d spaces

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En.rgy an. Built En.iron.0}n. 2024年第2期5卷 270-287页

作者： Ibrahim.Reda Raouf n.Abdelm.ssih m.ham.d Steit Ehab m.m.n. m.chan.cal Power En.in.erin. Faculty of EngineeringAin Shams University1 El-Sarayat St.Cairo 11517Egypt Architectural En.in.erin. Faculty of EngineeringAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt

Due to their therm.l perform.n.e,dom.d roofs are on. of the passive solution. that affect en.rgy con.um.tion.in.*** therm.l perform.n.e of dom.d roofs has been.in.estigated in.m.n. n.turally ven.ilated ***,few studies have discussed their perform.n.e in.con.ition.d ***,this study in.roduces a com.utation.l com.arison.between.dom.d an. flat roofs to in.estigate their im.act on.therm.l com.ort in.ide a con.ition.d *** an.earlier stage,field m.asurem.n.s were carried out in.ide a Bahrain. m.sque to acquire its in.oor air con.ition. durin. the sum.er period of 2021,in.addition.to validatin. the com.utation.l *** fin.in.s of this study con.irm.that,un.er m.chan.cal coolin. con.ition.,the flat roof offers a lower in.oor tem.erature than.the dom.d roof by 0.4℃an. 0.1℃for open.an. closed doors,***,the air velocity is lower by approxim.tely 0.01 m.s for both door *** overall Pm. values of the flat roof are also lower by 0.07 an. 0.01,while the PPD values are lower by 0.20,an. 0.34 for open.an. closed doors,*** on.these sm.ll differen.es,it can.be con.luded that the therm.l perform.n.e of both roofin. system. behaves equally in.con.ition.d ***,the air pattern. are substan.ially differen.,the overall therm.l perform.n.e is *** sim.larity drives buildin. design.rs to rethin. the therm.l perform.n.e of the dom.d roofs in.air-con.ition.d spaces with such a hot clim.te,regardless of their aesthetic an. acoustical behaviour.

关键词： Therm.l com.ort Com.utation.l fluid dyn.m.cs(CFD) Predicted m.an.vote(Pm.)an. predicted percen.age dissatisfied(PPD) Dom.d roof Flat roof

Design.an. Developm.n. of a Parabolic Trough Solar Air Heater for a Green.ouse Dryer

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Journ.l of Power an. En.rgy En.in.erin. 2024年第9期12卷 1-18页

作者： Eric Kin.’ori Isaac n. Sim.te Departm.n. of m.chan.cal En.in.erin. The University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Departm.n. of Agricultural En.in.erin. The University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Design.an. Developm.n. of a Parabolic Trough Solar Air Heater (PTSAH) for a Green.ouse Dryer (GD) was don. to im.rove the dryer’s perform.n.e. The m.terials used for the fabrication.of the PTSAH in.luded galvan.zed sheets covered with alum.n.um.foil, an.absorber tube m.de of GI pipe pain.ed m.tt black to in.rease heat absorban.e at the focal lin., m.ld steel square tubes, shutter plywood, an. an.axial fan.to push air through the absorber tube. Key geom.trical param.ters used for the design.of the PTSAH were a rim.an.le of 98 degrees, focal len.th of 0.2608 m. height of 0.3451 m. len.th of 2 m. an. an.aperture width of 1.2 m. The PTSAH’s total aperture surface area was 2.4 m., while its absorber tube surface area was 0.1587 m.. The PTSAH was experim.n.ally tested to establish its therm.l perform.n.e. It was foun. that the am.ien. air recorded an.average value of 31.1˚C an. that the air heater could in.rease the air tem.erature by 45.6˚C above am.ien. with a therm.l efficien.y of 5.3%. It can. therefore, be con.luded that the PTSAH can.sign.fican.ly im.rove the perform.n.e of a GD by supplyin. the GD with air at a higher tem.erature than.am.ien..

关键词： Solar Air Heater Green.ouse Dryer Parabolic Trough Therm.l Perform.n.e