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Changes in mediterranean mesocarnivore communities along urban and ex-urban gradients

Current Zoology 2015年第5期61卷 793-801页

作者： mariano R. RECIO carmen m. ARIJA Sara CABEZAS-DIAZ Emilio VIRGOS School of Surveying University of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin New Zealand Departamento de Biologia y Geologia Escuela de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnologia. Universidad Rey Juan Carlos E-28933 Mostoles Madrid. Spain.

Urbanization causes wildlife habitat loss, fragmentation, and the replacement of specialist species by generalists and/or exotic taxa. Because mesocarnivores are particularly vulnerable to habitat modifications, the rapid expansion of urban areas and the increasing trend for ex-urban development occurring in mediterranean ecosystems may be major drivers of change in mesocarnivore communities. We combined camera trapping and sign surveys to quantify the richness and relative abundance of a set of wild and domestic mesocarnivores. We quantified these variables controlling for the gradient of urbanism, ex-urbanism, and other environmental variables in patches of natural vegetation in the region of madrid (central Spain), and a non-urbanized control area ~220 km south of madrid city. Using conditional autoregressive models (CAR) and model selection procedures, we found that urbanization influenced mesocarnivore community composition but this influence was not detrimental for all the species tested. Generalist carnivores such as the red foxVulpes vulpeswere more abundant in urban and ex-urban areas. Ex-urban development creates overlapping areas between wild and domestic species (such as the domestic catFelis catusand the wildcatFelis silvestris) but contact between wild and domestic carnivores in natural areas is unlikely. Detection of species in the control area was very low. Therefore, the impact of urbanization in causing changes in mesocarnivore communities may be less than other factors such as illegal predator culling.

关键词：城市化群落变化地中海梯度变化郊区野生动物外来物种家养动物

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Engineering Fe‑N_(4)Electronic Structure with Adjacent Co‑N_(2)C_(2)and Co Nanoclusters on Carbon Nanotubes for Efficient Oxygen Electrocatalysis

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纳微快报:英文版 2023年第12期15卷 283-297页

作者： mingjie Wu Xiaohua Yang Xun Cui Ning Chen Lei Du mohamed Cherif Fu‑Kuo Chiang Yuren Wen Amir Hassanpour Francois vidal Sasha Omanovic Yingkui Yang Shuhui Sun Gaixia Zhang State Key Laboratory of New Textile materials and Advanced Processing Technologies Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200People’s Republic of China Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique(INRS) Center Energie Materiaux TelecommunicationsVarennesQC J3X 1P7Canada Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University3610 University StreetMontrealQC H3A 0C5Canada Department of Electrical Engineering Ecole de Technologie Superieure(ETS)MontrealQC H3C 1K3Canada Canadian Light Source(CLS) 44 Innovation BoulevardSaskatoonSK S7N 2V3Canada National Institute of Low-Carbon-and-Clean-Energy Beijing 102211People’s Republic of China School of materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China

Regulating the local configuration of atomically dispersed transition-metal atom catalysts is the key to oxygen electrocatalysis performance *** the previously reported singleatom or dual-atom configurations,we designed a new type of binary-atom catalyst,through engineering Fe-N_(4)electronic structure with adjacent Co-N_(2)C_(2)and nitrogen-coordinated Co nanoclusters,as oxygen *** resultant optimized electronic structure of the Fe-N_(4)active center favors the binding capability of intermediates and enhances oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)activity in both alkaline and acid *** addition,anchoring m-N-C atomic sites on highly graphitized carbon supports guarantees of efficient charge-and mass-transports,and escorts the high bifunctional catalytic activity of the entire ***,through the combination of electrochemical studies and in-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy analyses,the ORR degradation mechanisms under highly oxidative conditions during oxygen evolution reaction processes were *** work developed a new binary-atom catalyst and systematically investigates the effect of highly oxidative environments on ORR electrochemical *** demonstrates the strategy for facilitating oxygen electrocatalytic activity and stability of the atomically dispersed m-N-C catalysts.

关键词： Atomically dispersed Fe-N-C catalysts ORR/OER Rechargeable zinc-air battery Fuel cells

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Three-dimensional organ modeling based on deformable surfaces applied to radio-oncology

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2010年第6期11卷 407-417页

作者： Gloria BUENO Oscar DéNIZ Jesús SALIDO carmen CARRASCOSA José m. DELGADO Grupo de Visióny Sistemas Inteligentes Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha E.T.S. Ingenieros Industriales Avda. Camilo José Cela 3. 13071 Ciudad Real Spain Hospital General de Ciudad Real Tomelloso s/n. 13005 Ciudad Real Spain Instituto Oncológico (Grupo ImO) modesto Lafuente 14 28010 Madrid Spain

This paper describes a method based on an energy minimizing deformable model applied to the 3D biomechanical modeling of a set of organs considered as regions of interest (ROI) for radiotherapy. The initial model consists of a quadratic surface that is deformed to the exact contour of the ROI by means of the physical properties of a mass-spring system. The exact contour of each ROI is first obtained using a geodesic active contour model. The ROI is then parameterized by the vibration modes resulting from the deformation process. Once each structure has been defined, the method provides a 3D global model including the whole set of ROIs. This model allows one to describe statistically the most significant variations among its structures. Statistical ROI variations among a set of patients or through time can be analyzed. Experimental results are presented using the pelvic zone to simulate anatomical variations among structures and its application in radiotherapy treatment planning.

关键词： 3D biomechanical organ modeling Energy minimizing deformable model Finite element model Geodesic active contour Radiotherapy treatment planning

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Highly Fluorescent Dye-Doped Silica Nanoparticles Increase Flow Cytometry Sensitivity for Cancer Cell monitoring

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Nano Research 2009年第6期2卷 448-461页

作者： m.-carmen Estévez meghan B.OʼDonoghue Xiaolan Chen Weihong Tan Center for Research at the Bio/Nano Interface Departments of Chemistry and Department of Physiology and Functional GenomicsShands Cancer Center and UF Genetics InstituteMcKnight Brain InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida 32611-7200USA

Early and accurate diagnosis and treatment of cancer depend on rapid,sensitive,and selective detection of tumor *** diagnosis of cancers,especially leukemia,relies on histology and fl ow cytometry using single dye-labeled ***,this combination may not lead to high signal output,which can hinder detection,especially when the probes have relatively weak affi nities or when the receptor is expressed in a low concentration on the target cell *** solve these problems,we have developed a novel method for sensitive and rapid detection of cancer cells using dye-doped silica nanoparticles(NPs)which increases detection sensitivity in fl ow cytometry analyses between 10-and 100-fold compared to standard *** NPs are~60 nm in size and can encapsulate thousands of individual dye molecules within their *** have extensively investigated surface modifi cation strategies in order to make the NPs suitable for selective detection of cancer cells using fl ow *** NPs are functionalized with polyethylene glycol(PEG)to prevent nonspecifi c interactions and with neutravidin to allow universal binding with biotinylated *** virtue of their reliable and selective detection of target cancer cells,these NPs have demonstrated their promising usefulness in conventional fl ow ***,they have shown low background signal,high signal enhancement,and effi cient functionalization,either with antibody-or aptamer-targeting moieties.

关键词： Silica nanoparticle flow cytometry aptamer cell detection polyethylene glycol fl uorophore

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Pediatric bowel preparation: Sodium picosulfate, magnesium oxide, citric acid vs polyethylene glycol, a randomized trial

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第40期26卷 6260-6269页

作者： carmen Cuffari Steven L Ciciora masakazu Ando mena Boules Joseph m Croffie Department of Pediatrics The Johns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21287United States Department of Pediatrics The Ohio State University College of MedicineColombusOH 43205United States Department of Statistics Ferring Pharmaceuticals IncParsippanyNJ 07054United States Department of medical Affairs Ferring Pharmaceuticals IncParsippanyNJ 07054United States Department of Pediatrics Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States

BACKGROUND Bowel preparation in children can be *** To describe the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of sodium picosulfate, magnesium oxide, and citric acid(SPmC) bowel preparation in *** Phase 3, randomized, assessor-blinded, multicenter study of low-volume, divided dose SPmC enrolled children 9-16 years undergoing elective colonoscopy. Participants 9-12 years were randomized 1:1:1 to SPmC ? dose × 2, SPmC 1 dose × 2, or polyethylene glycol(PEG). Participants 13-16 years were randomized 1:1 to SPmC 1 dose × 2 or PEG. PEG-based bowel preparations were administered per local protocol. Primary efficacy endpoint for quality of bowel preparation was responders(rating of ‘excellent' or ‘good') by modified Aronchick Scale. Secondary efficacy endpoint was participant's tolerability and satisfaction from a 7-item questionnaire. Safety assessments included adverse events(AEs) and laboratory *** 78 participants were randomized, 48 were 9-12 years, 30 were 13-16 years. For the primary efficacy endpoint in 9-12 years, 50.0%, 87.5%, and 81.3% were responders for SPmC ? dose × 2, SPmC 1 dose × 2, and PEG groups, respectively. Responder rates for 13-16 years were 81.3% for SPmC 1 dose × 2 and 85.7% for PEG. Overall, 43.8% of participants receiving SPmC 1 dose × 2 reported it was ‘very easy' or ‘easy' to drink, compared with 20.0% receiving PEG. Treatment-emergent AEs were reported by 45.5% of participants receiving SPmC 1 dose × 2 and 63.0% receiving *** SPmC was an efficacious and safe for bowel preparation in children 9-16 years, with comparable efficacy to PEG. Tolerability for SPmC was higher compared to PEG.

关键词： Children Colonoscopy Colon cleansing Sodium picosulfate magnesium oxide and citric acid Polyethylene glycol

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Effects of Pre-and Neonatal Undernutrition on Long-Term Hearing Cognition of the Rat

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2022年第6期12卷 302-322页

作者： manuel Salas carmen Torrero mirelta Regalado Institute of Neurobiology Department of Developmental Neurobiology and Neurophysiology Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus UNAM Juriquilla Querétaro México

Experimental evidence in the rat suggests that perinatal undernutrition, associated with sensory and hormonal deficiencies, interferes with brain network integrative actions. We review peripheral and central morpho-functional alterations related to early food restriction along with the auditory relays, and their connections with the limbic system, which are essential for motivation-emotional arousal. The findings indicated that different morpho-functional alterations in the auditory system permanently affect the brainstem, the reticular thalamic nucleus, and the prefrontal and auditory cortices. moreover, data showed the noxious role of early food restriction and the external ear occlusion on the distal portions of dendritic arbor measurements, in the cochlea, nucleus ambiguous and motor cortical pyramids. These anatomical alterations also correlated with deficiencies in the dynamic motor and auditory cognitive brain plasticity. Food restriction-related deficiencies in the motor-emotional-behavioral arousal systems may be useful to understand long-term cognitive disorders in humans.

关键词： Perinatal Undernutrition Auditory Cognition mother-Litter Bonds Rats

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Diversity of Saxicolous Lichens along an Aridity Gradient in Central méxico

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第4期91卷 827-840页

作者： Josécarmen Soto-Correa Abraham Saldaña-Vega Víctor Hugo Cambrón-Sandoval Laura Concostrina-Zubiri mariela Gómez-Romero Facultad de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Autónoma de QuerétaroQuerétaro73230México Departamento de Biología y Geología Física y Química Inorgánica Tulipán s/nUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosMóstolesMadrid28933España Cátedra CONACYT–Facultad de Biología Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de HidalgoMoreliaMichoacán58030México

Lichens are symbiotic organisms that comprise a fungus and a photosynthetic partner wich are recognized as a good indicator of climate ***,our understanding of how aridity affects the diversity of saxicolous lichens in drylands is still *** evaluate the relationship between saxicolous lichen diversity and aridity in a central méxico dryland,a geographical transect was established of 100 km to build an aridity gradient in the semiarid zone of the State of Querétaro,mexico,comprising ten sampling sites with a 10 km *** richness,abundance and diversity of soil lichen species were recorded using two sampling methods:the quadrat-intercept and the line-intercept method,to compare their performance in assessing soil lichen diversity in *** number of species and Shannon diversity of saxicolous lichens were higher at intermediate values of the aridity index(AI=0.10-0.34).Quadrat intercept and point intercept methods gave quite similar results,which means that the selected method does not influence the results in a significant *** study confirms the role of saxicolous lichens as climate change indicators and reveals the importance of the sampling method selection in the evaluation of different parameters of soil lichen diversity in drylands.

关键词： Climate change drylands ecological indicators environmental stress precipitation temperature

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Binge eating and psychostimulant addiction

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第9期11卷 517-529页

作者： m carmen Blanco-Gandia Sandra montagud-Romero marta Rodriguez-Arias Department of Psychology and Sociology University of ZaragozaTeruel 44003Spain Department of Psychobiology Facultad de PsicologiaUniversitat de ValenciaValencia 46010Spain

many of the various factors,characteristics,and variables involved in the addictive process can determine an individual’s vulnerability to develop drug *** eating,based on pleasure rather than energy needs,modulates the same reward circuits,as do drugs of *** to the last report of the World Health Organization,the worldwide obesity rate has more than doubled since 1980,reaching especially critical levels in children and young people,who are overexposed to high-fat,high-sugar,energy-dense *** the past few decades,there has been an increase in the number of studies focused on how eating disorders can lead to the development of drug addiction and on the comorbidity that exists between the two ***,we review the most recent research on the subject,focusing especially on animal models of binge eating disorders and drug *** complex profile of patients with substance use and binge eating disorders requires an integrated response to dually diagnosed *** patterns should be considered an important variable in the treatment of substance use disorders,and future studies need to focus on specific treatments and interventions in individuals who show a special vulnerability to shift from one addiction to the other.

关键词： Binge eating Psychostimulant Dopamine Obesity Reward Addiction

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Reline低熔溶剂中铝纳米颗粒和叶状显微组织的电化学形核和长大:温度和工作电极角速度的影响

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Transactions of Nonferrous metals Society of China 2022年第3期32卷 1050-1060页

作者： G.vidal-GARCÍA C.E.GUINTO-PANO I.GARCÍA-HERNÁNDEZ E.RODRÍGUEZ-CLEmENTE P.mORALES-GIL m.T.RAmÍREZ-SILVA m.ROmERO-ROmO m.PALOmAR-PARDAVÉ Universidad Autónoma metropolitana-Azcapotzalco Departamento de MaterialesAv.San Pablo 180 Col.Reynosa-TamaulipasCDMXC.P.02200México Instituto mexicano del Petróleo Laboratorio de Caracterización de Materiales Sintéticos y NaturalesEje Central Lázaro Cárdenas 152CDMXC.P.07730México Universidad Autónoma metropolitana-Iztapalapa Departamento de QuímicaAv.San Rafael Atlixco#186Col.VicentinaCDMX.C.P.09340México

利用电化学和表面表征技术,研究在不同温度和工作电极角速度(ω)下,含Al(III)离子的Reline低共熔溶剂中铝在玻碳电极上形核和长大的电化学行为。结果表明,随着温度的升高,Al(III)DES的还原发生在较低的负电位,而此时伏安图中的电流峰增... 详细信息

利用电化学和表面表征技术,研究在不同温度和工作电极角速度(ω)下,含Al(III)离子的Reline低共熔溶剂中铝在玻碳电极上形核和长大的电化学行为。结果表明,随着温度的升高,Al(III)DES的还原发生在较低的负电位,而此时伏安图中的电流峰增大,这对Al沉积动力学和热力学条件有利。实际上,由于Al被Al(OH)_(3)(s)和Al_(2)O_(3)(s)钝化,未检测到阳极电流。当ω=0 r/min时,通过由Al三维扩散控制的形核、长大和残余水还原组成的理论模型,分析Al沉积时计时电流图。然而,用于分析不同角速度下的理论模型,其吸附−解吸和扩散控制的形核−长大是同时发生的。用SEm、EDX、XPS和XRD表征沉积物,结果表明,当ω=0 r/min时,形成分布良好的纳米颗粒((78.1±9.5)nm);而当ω=900 r/min时,形成直径约为10μm,由Al、Al(OH)_(3)(s)和γ-A2O3(s)组成的叶状显微组织。

关键词：铝电化学形核低共熔溶剂工作电极角速度温度

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High efficiency gas-liquid separation system for pumped wells

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Petroleum 2019年第2期5卷 178-182页

作者： L.Enrique Ortiz-vidal marcel C.Barbosa Oscar m.H.Rodriguez Industrial multiphase Flow Laboratory(LEmI) Mechanical Engineering DepartmentS~ao Carlos School of EngineeringUniversity of S~ao Paulo(USP)13563-120Sao CarlosSPBrazil

Gas-liquid separation is a very common process in industrial plants,where often high Efficiency of Gas Separation(EGS)is *** the upstream oil industry,gas separation is also crucial for the proper operation of Electrical Submergible Pumps(ESP).Recent studies report the excellent performance of a gravitational separator known as Inverted-Shroud separator(IS-separator).Laboratory results indicate that this kind of separator can achieve total gas separation for a wide range of operation conditions under continuous two-phase *** original intent is to use the IS-separator for downhole gas separation in oil production ***,by account of its simple design and relatively compact size,it may be suitable for using in industrial *** this paper,we present the IS-separator in details,including geometry characteristics and *** equipment performance is also *** addition,the challenges related to the deep understanding of the gas separation process inside the IS-separator and the possible practical solutions are outlined.

关键词： separation pumped details

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