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Genetically modified mouse models for the study of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第11期18卷 1141-1153页

作者： Perumal Nagarajan m jerald mahesh kuma Ramasamy Venkatesan Subeer S majundar Ramesh C Juyal m jerald mahesh kuma Small Animal Facility National Institute of Immunology NewDelhi 110067 India Animal House Centre for Cellularand Molecular Biology Hyderabad 500007 India Animal House JNU New Delhi110067 India

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is associated with obesity,insulin resistance,and type 2 diabetes.NAFLD represents a large spectrum of diseases ranging from(1) fatty liver(hepatic steatosis);(2) steatosis with inflammation and necrosis;to(3) cirrhosis.The animal models to study NAFLD/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) are extremely useful,as there are still many events to be elucidated in the pathology of NASH.The study of the established animal models has provided many clues in the pathogenesis of steatosis and steatohepatitis,but these remain incompletely understood.The different mouse models can be classified in two large groups.The first one includes genetically modified(transgenic or knockout) mice that spontaneously develop liver disease,and the second one includes mice that acquire the disease after dietary or pharmacological manipulation.Although the molecular mechanism leading to the development of hepatic steatosis in the pathogenesis of NAFLD is complex,genetically modified animal models may be a key for the treatment of NAFLD.Ideal animal models for NASH should closely resemble the pathological characteristics observed in humans.To date,no single animal model has encompassed the full spectrum of human disease progression,but they can imitate particular characteristics of human disease.Therefore,it is important that the researchers choose the appropriate animal model.This review discusses various genetically modified animal models developed and used in research on NAFLD.

关键词：转基因小鼠模型脂肪肝酒精性转基因动物模型肝病人类疾病 NASH 发病机制

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