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Virus entry mediated by hepatitis B virus envelope proteins

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第40期19卷 6730-6734页

作者： john m Taylor Fox Chase Cancer Center PhiladelphiaPA19111United States

Hepatitis B virus(HBV),a major cause of human liver disease worldwide,encodes three envelope proteins needed for the attachment and entry of the virus into susceptible host cells.A second virus,hepatitis delta virus,which is known to enhance liver disease in HBV infected patients,diverts the same HBV envelope proteins to achieve its own assembly and *** the lab,lentiviral vectors based on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 can be assembled using the HBV envelope proteins,and will similarly infect susceptible *** article provides a partial review and some personal reflections of how these three viruses infect and of how recipient cells become susceptible,along with some consideration of questions that remain to be answered.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis delta virus Receptor Envelope proteins Entry

Lynch syndrome and Lynch syndrome mimics: The growing complex landscape of hereditary colon cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第31期21卷 9253-9261页

作者： john m Carethers Elena m Stoffel Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Michigan

Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer(HNPCC) was previously synonymous with Lynch syndrome; however,identification of the role of germline mutations in the DNA mismatch repair(mmR) genes has made it possible to differentiate Lynch syndrome from other conditions associated with familial colorectal cancer(CRC). Broadly,HNPCC may be dichotomized into conditions that demonstrate defective DNA mmR and microsatellite instability(mSI) vs those conditions that demonstrate intact DNA mmR. Conditions characterized by mmR deficient CRCs include Lynch syndrome(germline mmR mutation),Lynch-like syndrome(biallelic somatic mmR mutations),constitutional mmR deficiency syndrome(biallelic germline mmR mutations),and sporadic mSI CRC(somatic biallelic methylation of mLH1). HNPCC conditions with intact DNA mmR associated with familial CRC include polymerase proofreading associated polyposis and familial colorectal cancer type X. Although next generation sequencing technologies have elucidated the genetic cause for some HNPCC conditions,others remain genetically undefined. Differentiating between Lynch syndrome and the other HNPCC disorders has profound implications for cancer risk assessment and surveillance of affected patients and their at-risk relatives. Clinical suspicion coupled with molecular tumor analysis and testing for germline mutations can help differentiate the clinical mimicry within HNPCC and facilitate diagnosis and management.

关键词： Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer Lynch s

Understanding cost data collection tools to improve economic evaluations of health interventions

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2019年第4期4卷 214-222页

作者： john m Chapel Guijing Wang Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention CDCAtlantaGeorgiaUSA

micro-costing data collection tools often used in literature include standardized comprehensive templates,targeted questionnaires,activity logs,on-site administrative databases,and direct *** tools are not mutually exclusive and are often used in *** tool has unique merits and limitations,and some may be more applicable than others under different *** application of micro-costing tools can produce quality cost estimates and enhance the usefulness of economic evaluations to inform resource allocation decisions.A common method to derive both fixed and variable costs of an intervention involves collecting data from the bottom up for each resource consumed(micro-costing).We scanned economic evaluation literature published in 2008-2018 and identified micro-costing data collection tools *** categorized the identified tools and discuss their practical applications in an example study of health interventions,including their potential strengths and *** economic evaluations of health interventions provide valuable information for justifying resource allocation decisions,planning for implementation,and enhancing the sustainability of the ***,the quality of intervention cost estimates is seldom addressed in the *** cost data forms the foundation of economic evaluations,and without reliable estimates,evaluation results,such as cost-effectiveness measures,could be *** this project,we identified data collection tools often used to obtain reliable data for estimating costs of interventions that prevent and manage chronic conditions and considered practical applications to promote their use.

关键词： estimates mutually cost

Performances of Concrete under Elevated Curing Temperature

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(materials Science) 2004年第3期19卷 65-67页

作者：谭克锋 john m Nichols Southwest University of Science and Technology Texas A&m University(USA)

The behaviors of concrete at elevated curing temperature were studied. The test results show that when concrete is cured at elevated temperature, a harmful consequence *** later strength decreases significantly compared to that under normal curing condition. Incorporating silica fume, fly ash and slag or lowering w/c ratio can effectively alleviate this harmful consequence. Comparatively, incorporation of silica fume is the most efficient means to decrease the later strength reduction. The harmful consequence is not caused by the difference in degree of hydration since the degree of hydration is similar between elevated curing temperature and normal curing condition. The SEm analysis shows that it is the uneven distribution of hydration products caused by elevated curing temperature that leads to the later strength reduction of concrete.

关键词： curing temperature strength mineral admixture

Identification of isopeptidase activity in the midgut of insects： Purification, properties and nutritional ecology of a Hofmannophila pseudospretella （Lepidoptera： Oecophoridae） larval enzyme

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Insect Science 2010年第4期17卷 325-334页

作者： Robert m. Simpson john T. Christeller Plant and Food Research Institute Tennant Drive Palmerston North 4474 Private Bag 11 030 New Zealand

A γ-glutamyl transpeptidase （isopeptidase） has been purified 580-fold to homogeneity from the midgut of keratinophagous larvae of Hofmannophila pseudospretella. The enzyme is a single polypeptide of molecular mass 80 kDa. The enzyme was identified by its hydrolytic activity against the synthetic substrate, γ-glutamyl-AmC, its molecular mass and inhibition profile compared to other γ-glutamyl transpeptidases. The enzyme is low or absent from most other insect digestive systems apart from other keratinophagous lepidopteran larvae and predatory carabids. While isopepfide bonds are present in high levels of the proteins in the diet of keratinophages, their presence in the diet of predatory beetles has not been established.

关键词： γ-glutamyl transpeptidase Hofmannophila pseudospretella isopeptidase,keratinophagous nutritional ecology

Nonlinear Bend Stiffener Analysis Using A Simple Formulation and Finite Element method

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China Ocean Engineering 2011年第4期25卷 577-590页

作者： TONG Dong Jin LOW Ying min SHEEHAN john m marlrrme Research Centre Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore School of Civil ＆ Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Acergy Singapore Pte Ltd Singapore 119963 Singapore

Flexible marine risers are commonly used in deepwater floating systems. Bend stiffeners are designed to protect flexible risel against excessive bending at the connection with the hull. The structure is usually analyzed as a cantilever beam subjected to an inclined point load. As deflections are large and the bend stiffener material exhibits nonlinear stress-strain characteristics, geometric and material nonlinearities are important considerations. A new approach has been developed to solve this nonlinear problem. Its main advantage is its simplicity; in fact the present method can be easily implemented on a spreadsheet. Finite element analysis using ABAQUS is performed to validate the method. Solid elements are used for the bend stiffener and flexible pipe. To simulate the near inextensibility of flexible risers, a simple and original idea of using truss elements is proposed. Through a set of validation studies the present method is found to be in a good agreement with the finite element analysis. Further, parametric studies are performed by using both methods to identify the key parameters and phenomena that are most critical in design. The most important finding is that the common practice of neglecting the internal steel sleeve in the bend stiffener analysis is non-conservative and therefore needs to be reassessed.

关键词： bend stiffener cantilever beam nonlinear finite element analysis

Quantifying relationships between rooting traits and water uptake under drought in mediterranean barley and durum wheat

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第5期56卷 455-469页

作者： Pedro Carvalho Sayed Azam-Ali m.john Foulkes Division of Plant and Crop Sciences University of Nottingham Sutton Bonington Campus The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus Jalan Broga Semenyih Selangor Darul

In mediterranean regions drought is the major factor limiting spring barley and durum wheat grain yields. This study aimed to compare spring barley and durum wheat root and shoot responses to drought and quantify relationships between root traits and water uptake under terminal *** spring barley（Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Rum） and two durum wheat mediterranean cultivars（Triticum turgidum L. var durum cvs Hourani and Karim） were examined in soil‐column experiments under well watered and drought conditions. Root system architecture traits, water uptake, and plant growth were measured. Barley aerial biomass and grain yields were higher than for durum wheat cultivars in well watered conditions. Drought decreased grain yield more for barley（47%） than durum wheat（30%, Hourani）. Root‐to‐shoot dry matter ratio increased for durum wheat under drought but not for barley, and root weight increased for wheat in response todrought but decreased for barley. The critical root length density（RLD） and root volume density（RVD） for 90% available water capture for wheat were similar to（cv. Hourani） or lower than（cv. Karim） for barley depending on wheat cultivar. For both species, RVD accounted for a slightly higher proportion of phenotypic variation in water uptake under drought than RLD.

关键词： Barley mediterranean root architecture root length density root traits root volume density water wheat

Pancreatic paraganglioma diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasoundguided fine needle aspiration: A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第37期27卷 6322-6331页

作者： Gandhi Lanke john m Stewart Jeffrey H Lee Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionMD Anderson Cancer CenterLubbockTX 79407United States Pathology-lab medicine Division MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionMD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States

BACKGROUND Pancreatic paragangliomas(PPGL)are rare benign neuroendocrine neoplasms but malignancy can *** are often misdiagnosed as pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor or pancreatic *** SUmmARY We reviewed 47 case reports of PPGL published in Pubmed to *** patients(15/47)with PPGL underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration(EUS-FNA).Only six(6/15)were correctly diagnosed as *** patients with PPGL underwent surgical resection except three(one patient surgery was aborted because of hypertensive crisis,two patients had metastasis or involvement of major vessels).Our patient remained on close surveillance as she was *** Accurate preoperative diagnosis of PPGL can be safely achieved by EUS-FNA with *** team approach should be considered to bring the optimal results in the management of PPGL.

关键词： Pancreatic paraganglioma Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration meta-iodobenzylguanidine scan metanephrines GATA-3 Immunohistochemistry Case report

Exercise-dependent regulation of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor （GDNF） expression in skeletal muscle and its importance for the neuromuscular system

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Frontiers in Biology 2013年第1期8卷 101-108页

作者： john-mary VIANNEY monica J. mCCULLOUGH Amy m. GYORKOS, john m. SPITSBERGEN Department of Biological Scienees Western Michigan University Kalamazoo MI 49098-5410 USA

The focus of this review is to highlight the importance of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor （GDNF） for the motor nervous system. GDNF is the most potent survival factor for motor neurons, where it enhances maintenance and survival of both developing and mature motor neurons in vivo and in vitro. GDNF aids in neuromuscular junction formation, maintenance, and plasticity, where skeletal muscle-derived GDNF may be responsible for this phenomenon. Increased levels of physical activity can increase GDNF protein levels in skeletal muscle, where alterations in acetylcholine and acetylcholine receptor activation may be involved in regulation of these changes observed. With inactivity and disuse, GDNF expression shows different patterns of regulation in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Due to its potent effects for motor neurons, GDNF is being extensively studied in neuromuscular diseases.

关键词： glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor neuromuscular junction motor neurons skeletal muscle