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Abductive statistical methods improve the results of calibration curve bioassays:An example of determining zinc bioavailability in broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 294-304页

作者： Gene M.Pesti lynne billard Shu-Biao Wu Robert A.Swick Thi Thanh Hoai Nguyen Natalie Morgan The University of New England ArmidaleNSW2351Australia The University of Georgia AthensGA30602USA

In this paper,we discuss the theory behind calibration curve experiments and their application to a zinc(Zn)bioavailability study with broiler *** replicates of 16 male commercial broiler chicks were fed starter diets for 14 *** diets had different levels of a potential Zn source and one was a positive control with standard industry levels of Zn for *** commonly used methods of calculating bioavailability means and confidence intervals(CI)from a calibration curve(standard curve)experiment to estimate the bioavailability of a new zinc source in broiler chickens were *** methods compared were the following:1)the Counter-Intuitive Method uses a multiple-range test to compare unknown test and standard samples;2)the Intuitive Method uses standard linear regression and inverts the equation to predict Zn bioavailability for each replicate of test samples;3)the Abductive Method uses Graybill's Equation,based on theory and observation,to estimate CI's;and 4)the Sophistic Method uses reverse regression,and calculates Zn bioavailability values directly from the *** Counter-Intuitive Method only gives information about which standards the test samples are,or are not,significantly different from respectively(average available Zn not predicted).The Intuitive Method ignores error about the standard curve and theoretically cannot estimate the CI directly(X±SEM=107.5±15.8 mg Zn/kg).The Sophistic Method underestimates and overestimates the test sample mean values above and below the mean of the standards,respectively(X=96.6 mg Zn/kg).The Abductive Method has an advantage over the other methods:The mean prediction estimation is consistent with theory(107.5±6.1 mg Zn/kg;X±SEM).When test or“unknown”samples are near the mean of the standard samples,the CI is smaller than when near the extremes of the calibration *** calibration curve error is small(R^(2)>approximately 0.95),there is little advantage to using the Abductive Method,but wh

关键词： Calibration curve Standard curve Confidence interval Bioavailability

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Direct Perfiuoroalkylthiolation of Few Chalcogenols

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2016年第5期34卷 455-458页

作者： Quentin Glenadel Thierry billard Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry (ICBMS-UMR CNRS 5246) Universite de Lyon Universite Lyon 1 CNRS 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918 69622 Villeurbanne France CERMEP-in vivo imaging GroupementHospitalierEst 59 BdPinel 69003 Lyon France

Trifluoromethanesulfenamide reagent can react with alcohols, in basic conditions, or with thiols, in catalytic acid conditions, to afford the corresponding trifluoromethanesulfenates or trifluoromethyldisulfides. The use of higher homologs of this reagent leads to synthesis of the nearly unknown perfluoroalkanesulfenates and perfluoro- alkyldisulfides.

关键词： perfluoroalkylthiolation perfluoroalkyldisulfide perfluoroalkanesulfenate trifluoromethylthiolation,trifluoromethanesulfenamide

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艾灵顿公爵画传

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作者： billard等

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Deposition of nanoporous BiVO;thin-film photocatalyst by reactive magnetron sputtering: Effect of total pressure and substrate

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2022年第3期32卷 957-971页

作者： Siavash BAKHTIARNIA Saeed SHEIBANI Alain billard Eric AUBRY Mohammad ARAB POUR YAZDI School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of TehranTehranIran Institut FEMTO-ST UMR 6174CNRSUniv.Bourgogne Franche-Comté15BAvenue des Montboucons25030 BesançonFrance

Nanoporous BiVO;thin films were deposited using reactive magnetron sputtering in Ar and O;atmosphere, on various substrates, employing pulsed direct-current(DC) power supplies applied to metallic Bi and V targets for rapid deposition. The procedure was followed by a post-annealing treatment in air to crystallize the photoactive monoclinic scheelite structure. The influence of total pressure and substrate on the crystal structure, morphology, microstructure, optical and photocatalytic properties of the films was investigated. The crystallization of monoclinic scheelite structure deposited on fused silica substrate starts at 250 ℃ and the films are stable up to 600 ℃. The morphology of the films is rather dense, despite at the high sputtering pressure(>2 Pa), with embedded nanopores. Among the thin films deposited on fused silica, the one deposited at 4.5 Pa exhibits the highest porosity(52%), with the lowest bandgap(2.44 eV) and it shows the highest photocatalytic activity in the degradation of Rhodamine-B(26% after 7 h) under visible light irradiation. The film deposited on the silicon substrate exhibits the highest photoactivity(53% after 7 h). Lack of hypsochromic shift in the UV-Vis temporal absorption spectra shows the dominance of the chromophore cleavage pathway in the photodecomposition.

关键词： photocatalysis BiVO4 thin film sputtering nanoporous film

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Microbial markers in colorectal cancer detection and/or prognosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第22期24卷 2327-2347页

作者： Romain Villéger Amélie Lopès Julie Veziant Johan Gagnière Nicolas Barnich Elisabeth billard Delphine Boucher Mathilde Bonnet Université Clermont Auvergne Research Biologics Sanofi R&D Chirurgie digestive Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Université Clermont Auvergne Institut Universitaire de Technologie de Clermont-Ferrand

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer worldwide. CRC is still associated with a poor prognosis among patients with advanced disease. On the contrary, due to its slow progression from detectable precancerous lesions, the prognosis for patients with early stages of CRC is encouraging. While most robust methods are invasive and costly, actual patient-friendly screening methods for CRC suffer of lack of sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, the development of sensitive, non-invasive and cost-effective methods for CRC detection and prognosis are necessary for increasing the chances of a cure. Beyond its beneficial functions for the host, increasing evidence suggests that the intestinal microbiota is a key factor associated with carcinogenesis. Many clinical studies have reported a disruption in the gut microbiota balance and an alteration in the faecal metabolome of CRC patients, suggesting the potential use of a microbialbased test as a non-invasive diagnostic and/or prognostic tool for CRC screening. This review aims to discuss the microbial signatures associated with CRC known to date, including dysbiosis and faecal metabolome alterations, andthe potential use of microbial variation markers for noninvasive early diagnosis and/or prognostic assessment of CRC and advanced adenomas. We will finally discuss the possible use of these markers as predicators for treatment response and their limitations.

关键词： Colorectal cancer microbiota F.nucleatum Colibactin-producing E.coli prognostic markers diagnostic markers dysbiosis

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Comparison of Physicochemical,Organoleptic and Nutritional Abilities of Eight Sweet Potato(Ipomoea batatas)Varieties

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第2期5卷 196-311页

作者： Emy Njoh Ellong Corinne billard Sandra Adenet Department of Research and Development Pole Agroalimentaire Régional de Martinique Lamentin Martinique France

In Martinique (F.W.I.), biodiversity of vegetable varieties remain unexploited due to public unawareness or supply problems. To further enhance the sweet potato, physicochemical, sensory and nutritional characteristics of eight varieties of sweet potato were established. The eight sweet potatoes cultivars were noticeably diverse with phenotypic, sensory, physicochemical and nutritional characteristics which were very varied. The eight cultivars grown in Martinique were advantageously positioned in relation to the globally identified sweet potato, regarding fibre, starch, potassium, copper, vitamin B1, B3 and B9 contents. Compared to the ordinary potato, Martiniquan sweet potatoes have a much better nutritional potential. Energy value and vitamin C levels were twice as much as in normal potatoes. Martiniquan sweet potatoes cultivars were also richer in minerals and vitamins, with 2.7 times more vitamin B9 and 63 times more beta-carotene than the ordinary potato.

关键词： Sweet Potato Ipomoea batatas Variety Physicochemical Characteristics Nutritional Characteristics Sensory Profile

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Polyphenols, Carotenoids, Vitamin C Content in Tropical Fruits and Vegetables and Impact of Processing Methods

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第3期6卷 299-313页

作者： Emy Njoh Ellong Corinne billard Sandra Adenet Katia Rochefort Pôle Agroalimentaire Régional de Martinique (P.A.R.M.) Habitation Petit Morne No 375 97232 Le Lamentin Martinique France

Thirty-five fruits and seventeen vegetables from Martinique were evaluated for total phenol content (TPC), Vitamin C and carotenoid content. TPC, Vitamin C and carotenoid contents ranged from 11.7 to 978.6 mg/100g, 0.1 to 2853.8 mg/100g and 9.7 to 9269.7 μg/100g respectively. Fruits and vegetables from Martinique have equivalent or higher TPC, Vitamin C and carotenoid contents than fruits and vegetables from temperate climates. Cashew apple had high values for all three parameters (55.8 mg/100g of Vitamin C, 603 mg/100g of TPC and 924 μg/100g of carotenoids). Bassignac mango and mamey apple had the highest carotenoid contents, with 3800.3 and 3199.7 μg/100g respectively. Acerola had the highest Vitamin C and polyphenol contents with 2853.8 μg/100g and 727.4 mg/100g respectively. Pigeon peas had high values for all three parameters (569.2 mg/100g of Vitamin C, 978.6 mg/100g of TPC and 364.3 μg/100g of carotenoids). Pumpkin and watercress had the highest carotenoid content, with 9269.7 and 4339 μg/100g respectively. TPC, Vitamin C and carotenoid content were significantly impacted by processing techniques. TPC, Vitamin C and carotenoid contents decreased by up to 75.78%, 100% and 70.18% respectively, depending on the processing technique used.

关键词： Martinique Fruits and Vegetables Total Polyphenols Vitamin C Carotenoids Technology Process Food Composition Food Analysis Nutritional Quality

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KGmax Curves Associated With Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria for Different Types of Ships

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Journal of Marine Science and Application 2016年第3期15卷 223-235页

作者： Francois Grinnaert Jean-Yves billard Jean-Marc Laurens French Naval Academy Research Institute Brest 29240 France ENSTA Bretagne Brest 29200 France

Currently, second generation intact stability criteria are being developed and evaluated by the International Maritime Organization(IMO). In this paper, we briefly present levels 1 and 2 assessment methods for the criteria of pure loss of stability and parametric roll failure modes. Subsequently, we show the KG_(max) curves associated with these criteria. We compute these curves for five different types of ships and compare them with the curves embodied in the current regulations. The results show that the safety margin ensured by the first level-1 method of calculation for both pure loss of stability and parametric roll seems to be excessive in many cases. They also show that the KG_(max) given by the second level-1 method and by the level-2 method may be very similar. In some cases, the level-2 method can be more conservative than the second level-1 method, which is unanticipated by the future regulation. The KG_(max) curves associated with parametric roll confirm that the C11 container ship is vulnerable to this failure mode. The computation of the second check coefficient of parametric roll level 2(C2) for all possible values of KG reveals the existence of both authorized and restricted areas on the surface formed by both the draft and KG, which may replace the classical KG_(max) curves. In consequence, it is not sufficient to check that C2 is lower than the maximum authorized value(R_(PR0)) for a fixed ship's loading condition.

关键词： pure loss of stability parametric roll KGmax curve second generation intact stability criteria

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Fatal Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 pleural empyema:A case report

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2019年第6期8卷 99-105页

作者： Francois Maillet Nicolas Bonnet Typhaine billard-Pomares Fatma El Alaoui Magdoud Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambiotte Intensive Care Unit Avicenne HospitalAssistance Publique-Hoitaux de ParisBobigny 93000France Paris XIII University Bobigny 93000France Microbiology Department Avicenne HospitalAssistance Publique H-oitaux de ParisBobigny 93000France Microbiology Department Jean Verdier HospitalAssistance Publique-Hoitaux de ParisBondy 93140France

BACKGROUND Legionella pneumophila(***)is a gram-negative intracellular bacillus composed of sixteen different *** is mostly known to cause pneumonia in individuals with known risk factors as immunocompromised status,tobacco use,chronic organ failure or age older than 50 *** parapneumonic pleural effusion is frequent in legionellosis,pleural empyema is very *** this study,we report a case of fatal pleural empyema caused by *** serogroup 1 in an 81-year-old man with multiple risk *** SUMMARY An 81-year-old man presented to the emergency with a 3 wk dyspnea,fever and left chest *** previous medical conditions were chronic lymphocytic leukemia,diabetes mellitus,chronic kidney failure,hypertension and hyperlipidemia,without tobacco *** X-ray and comouted tomographyscan confirmed a large left pleural effusion,which puncture showed a citrine exudate with negative standard bacterial *** intravenous cefotaxime antibiotherapy,patient’s worsening condition after 10 d led to thoracocentesis and evacuation of 2 liters of *** patient progressively developed severe hypoxemia and multiorgan failure *** patient was treated by antibiotherapy with cefepime and amikacin and with adequate symptomatic shock treatment,but died of uncontrolled *** next day,cultures of the surgical pleural liquid samples yielded *** serogroup 1,consistent with the diagnosis of pleural *** *** should be considered in patients with multiple risk factors and undiagnosed pleural empyema unresponsive to conventional antibiotherapy.

关键词： Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 Legionellosis Legionnaire’s disease Pleural empyema Case report

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CD70 defines a subset of proinflammatory and CNSpathogenic TH1/TH17 lymphocytes and is overexpressed in multiple sclerosis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2019年第7期16卷 652-665页

作者： Tessa Dhaeze Laurence Tremblay Catherine Lachance Evelyn Peelen Stephanie Zandee Camille Grasmuck Lyne Bourbonnière Sandra Larouche Xavier Ayrignac Rose-Marie Rébillard Josée Poirier Boaz Lahav Pierre Duquette Marc Girard Robert Moumdjian Alain Bouthillier Catherine Larochelle Alexandre Prat Department of Neuroscience Faculty of MedicineUniversitéde Montréaland Centre de Recherche du CHUM(CRCHUM)MontréalQC H2X0A9Canada Multiple Sclerosis Clinic Division of NeurologyCHUMMontréalQC H2X0A9Canada Division of Neurosurgery CHUMMontréalQC H2X0A9Canada CD70 is the unique ligand of CD27 and is expressed on immune cells only upon

***,engagement of the costimulatory CD27/CD70 pathway is solely dependent on upregulation of ***,the T cell-intrinsic effect and function of human CD70 remain ***,we describe that CD70 expression distinguishes proinflammatory CD4^(+)T lymphocytes that display an increased potential to migrate into the central nervous system(CNS).Upregulation of CD70 on CD4^(+)T lymphocytes is induced by TGF-β1 and TGF-β3,which promote a pathogenic *** addition,CD70 is associated with a TH1 and TH17 profile of lymphocytes and is important for T-bet and IFN-γexpression by both T helper ***,adoptive transfer of CD70−/−CD4^(+)T lymphocytes induced less severe experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)disease than transfer of WT CD4^(+)T ***70+CD4^(+)T lymphocytes are found in the CNS during acute autoimmune inflammation in humans and mice,highlighting CD70 as both an immune marker and an important costimulator of highly pathogenic proinflammatory TH1/TH17 lymphocytes infiltrating the CNS.

关键词： CD70+CD4^(+)T lymphocytes multiple sclerosis CD27/CD70 pathway TGF-β1 TGF-β3 soluble CD70 blood-brain barrier endothelial cells experimental autoimmune encephalitis TCR1640 transgene mouse model

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