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Probiotic cocktails accelerate baicalin metabolism in the ileum to modulate intestinal health in broiler chickens

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 779-794页

作者： Mingkun Gao Chaoyong Liao Jianyang Fu Zhonghua Ning zengpeng lv Yuming Guo State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Background Baicalin and probiotic cocktails are promising feed additives with broad application *** probiotic cocktails are known to enhance intestinal health,the potential synergistic impact of combining baicalin with probiotic cocktails on the gut health of broiler chickens remains largely ***,this study aims to investigate the influence of the combined administration of baicalin and probiotic cocktails on the composition of ileal and cecal microbiota in broiler chickens to elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for the healthpromoting *** A total of 3201-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were divided into 4 groups,each with 8 replicates of 10 chicks per *** a period of 42 d,the birds were fed a basal diet or the same diet supplemented with 37.5 g/t baicalin(BC),1,000 g/t probiotic cocktails(PC),or a combination of both BC(37.5 g/t)and PC(1,000 g/t).The results demonstrated that BC+PC exhibited positive synergistic effects,enhancing intestinal morphology,immune function,and barrier *** was evidenced by increased VH/CD ratio,sIgA levels,and upregulated expression of occludin and claudin-1(P<0.05).16S rRNA analysis indicated that PC potentiated the effects of BC,particularly in the ileum,where BC+PC significantly increased theα-diversity of the ileal microbiota,altered itsβ-diversity,and increased the relative abundance of Flavonifractor(P<0.05),a flavonoid-metabolizing ***,Flavonifractor positively correlated with chicken ileum crypt depth(P<0.05).While BC+PC had a limited effect on cecal microbiota structure,the PC group had a very similar microbial composition to BC+PC,suggesting that the effect of PC at the distal end of the gut overshadowed those of *** We demonstrated the synergistic enhancement of gut health regulation in broiler chickens by combining baicalin and probiotic *** cocktails enhanced the effects of baicalin and accelerated its metab

关键词： Baicalin Gut health Ileal microbiota Probiotic cocktails Synergistic effects

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Maternal supplementation with mulberry-leaf flavonoids improves the development of skeletal muscle in the offspring of chickens

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ANIMAL NUTRITION 2024年第3期18卷 72-83页

作者： Huang, Zhenwu Dai, Hongjian Li, Simeng Wang, Zhe Wei, Quanwei Ning, Zhonghua Guo, Yuming Shi, Fangxiong lv, zengpeng China Agr Univ Coll Anim Sci & Technol State Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feeding Beijing 100193 Peoples R China Nanjing Agr Univ Coll Anim Sci & Technol Nanjing 210095 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Agr Sci Inst Anim Sci State Key Lab Anim Nutr & Feeding Beijing 100193 Peoples R China Aksu Vocat Tech Coll Sch Bioengn Aksu 843000 Peoples R China

The development of skeletal muscle is a crucial factor in determining the meat yield and economic benefits of broiler production. Recent research has shown that mulberry leaves and their extracts can be used to significantly improve the growth performance of livestock and poultry. The present study aims to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle development in broiler offspring by dietary mulberry-leaf flavonoids (MLF) supplementation from the perspective of maternal effect theory. A total of 270 Qiling broiler breeder hens were randomly assigned to 3 treatments with different doses of MLF (0, 30, 60 mg/kg) for 8 weeks before collecting their fertilized eggs. The chicken offspring at 13 and 19 d of embryonic stage, and from 1 to 28 d old after hatching were included in this study. The results showed that maternal supplementation increased the breast muscle weight and body weight of the offspring at the embryo and chick stages (P < 0.05). This was followed by increased cross-sectional area of pectoral muscle fibres at 14 d (P < 0.05). Further determination revealed a tendency towards increased serum levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) (P = 0.092) and muscle fibre count (P = 0.167) at 1 d post-hatching following maternal MLF treatment, while serum uric acid (UA) was decreased at 14 d after hatching (P < 0.05). Moreover, maternal MLF supplementation significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression of the myogenic regulatory factor Myf5 in skeletal muscle at the both embryonic and growth stages (P < 0.05). The relative abundance of the downstream protein of BMPR2, Smad1 and p-Smad1/5/9 in the TGF beta signalling pathway was significantly increased by maternal MLF treatment. Meanwhile, the increased expression of the target protein p-mTOR in the breast muscle of the offspring chicks is in accordance with the improved growth rate of the breast and the body. In conclusion, maternal MLF supplementation can promote muscle protein metab

关键词： Broiler breeder hen Mulberry-leaf flavonoids Offspring Protein metabolism Skeletal muscle GROWTH-PERFORMANCE IMMUNE FUNCTION HYPERTROPHY LEAVES MECHANISMS REGULATOR PATHWAY EMBRYO DIETS BONE

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Mannanase improves the growth performance of broilers by alleviating inflammation of the intestinal epithelium and improving intestinal microbiota

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动物营养学报 2024年第1期16卷 376-394页

作者： Xiaodan Zhang Huiping Xu Lu Gong Jiao Wang Jianyang Fu zengpeng lv Liangjuan Zhou Xuejun Li Qiong Liu Pingyu Xia Yuming Guo State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China Beijing Strowin Biotechnology Co. Ltd. Beijing 100094 China

This experiment aimed to discuss and reveal the effect and mechanism of mannanase on intestinal inflammation in broilers triggered by a soybean meal diet. In this experiment, 384 Arbor Acres broilers at 1 d old were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups. The broilers were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet, a low-energy diet (metabolizable energy reduced by 50 kcal/kg), and a low-energy diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg mannanase for 42 d. The low-energy diet increased feed conversion ratio from 0 to 42 d, reduced ileal villus height and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio and upregulated the expression of nuclear factor kappa B ( NF-κB ) in the ileum ( P P P CLDN1 ) and zonula occludens-1 ( ZO-1 ) in the jejunum at 21 d, downregulated the expression of ilealNF-κB , and increased the content of isobutyric acid in the cecum of broilers ( P Lactobacillus reuteri in the ileum of broilers. The addition of mannanase increased the relative abundance ofLactobacillus-KC45b andLactobacillus johnsonii in broilers. Furthermore, a low-energy diet reduced the relative abundance ofButyricicoccus in the intestine of broilers and inhibited oxidative phosphorylation and phosphoinositol metabolism. Mannanase increased the relative abundance ofOdoribacter , promoted energy metabolism and N-glycan biosynthesis, and increased the activities of GH3 and GH18. It is concluded that mannanase could improve the growth performance of broilers by reducing the expression ofNF-κB in the ileum, increasing the production of SCFA in the cecum, suppressing intestinal inflammation, balancing the intestinal microbiota, reducing damage to the intestinal barrier, and improving the efficiency of nutrient utilization to alleviate the adverse effects caused by the decrease in dietary energy *** The PDF

关键词： Broiler Low-energy diet Mannanase Intestinal inflammatory response Intestinal microbiota Metagenome

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In vivo and in vitro protective effect of arginine against intestinal inflammatory response induced by Clostridium perfringens in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第1期11卷 81-94页

作者： Beibei Zhang Liping Gan Muhammad Suhaib Shahid zengpeng lv Hao Fan Dan Liu Yuming Guo State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193People’s Republic of China

Background:Necrotic enteritis is a widespread disease in poultry caused by Clostridium *** previously reported that dietary arginine supplementation protected the intestinal mucosa of broiler chickens with necrotic enteritis,but the related protective mechanisms remain *** in vivo trial was designed as a 2×2 factorial arrangement to evaluated the effects of arginine supplementation on inflammatory responses,arginine transporters,arginine catabolism and JAK-STAT signalling pathway in broiler chickens challenged with *** or without ***,we validated the in vivo results using intestinal epithelial cells of chicken ***:*** infection markedly increased gut gross pathological and histopathological lesion scores,promoted liver *** invasion,reduced serum arginine levels,and elevated jejunal mucosal lysozyme activities(P<0.05),but these effects were significantly reversed by arginine supplementation in vivo(P<0.05).The challenge significantly increased serum procalcitonin levels,jejunal mucosal iNOS activities and jejunal IL-6,TGF-β3,cationic amino acid transporter(CAT)-1,and CAT-3 mRNA expression(P<0.05),whereas arginine supplementation significantly reduced jejunal IFN-γ,IL-1β,IL-6,IL-10,TGF-β3,and CAT-3 mRNA expression(P<0.05).Arginine supplementation significantly attenuated the *** challenge-induced increases in jejunal i NOS,arginase 2,arginine decarboxylase,arginine:glycine amidinotransferase,JAK1,JAK3,STAT1,and STAT6 mRNA expression(P<0.05).The in vitro experiment showed that *** challenge markedly increased cellular cytotoxicity and the mRNA expression of IL-1β,IL-8,IL-10,CAT-1 and CAT-3(P<0.05),which were significantly reversed by 50μmol/L and/or400μmol/L arginine pre-treatment(P<0.05).Conclusions:Arginine prevented *** challenge-induced circulated arginine deficiency,normalized intestinal arginine transport and catabolism,down-regulated JAK-STAT signalli

关键词： Arginine Broiler chickens Clostridium perfringens Intestine inflammatory response Metabolism

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Effects of tannic acid on the immunity and intestinal health of broiler chickens with necrotic enteritis infection

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第6期14卷 2454-2473页

作者： Huiping Xu Jianyang Fu Yimeng Luo Peng Li Bochen Song zengpeng lv Yuming Guo Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science State Key Laboratory of Animal NutritionCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Animal Science Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian 271018China

Background In broiler chickens,necrotic enteritis(NE)infection can reduce production *** acid has shown great potential as a treatment of NE in ***,the appropriate dosage of tannic acid in NE of broilers and the improvement effect on intestinal health are not very *** this study,we aimed to investigate the effects of different doses of tannic acid on the production performance,immunity,and intestinal health of broilers by constructing an NE model with *** infection and determining the appropriate dosage of tannic acid with regard to *** Challenged birds showed significant reduction in body weight,villus height,and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth(P<0.05)and increase in the feed consumption gain ratio,intestinal lesion score,and crypt depth(P<0.05).The infection significantly reduced the relative Bacteroidota and Ligilactobacillus abundance(P<0.05)and increased the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidota and cecal content of ***(P<0.05).Challenged birds fed diets supplemented with tannic acid showed significantly increased mRNA expression of nutrient transport carriers and intestinal barrier genes and growth performance and reduced serum zonulin and endotoxin levels(P<0.05).Addi-tion of tannic acid to the diet inhibited the inflammatory response by reducing the number of coccidia oocysts in feces and the content of *** in the ***,tannic acid reduced the serum levels of C reactive protein,myeloperoxidase,and specific IgY and ileal mucosal secretory immunoglobulin A levels in the ileal mucosa compared with those in the NE-infected ***-infected birds fed diets supplemented with tannic acid also showed significantly increased relative Anaerocolumna,Thermoanaerobacterium,and Thermosinus abundance(P<0.05);their microbial composition and functional predictions were similar to those of the NC *** Tannic acid in the diet alleviated NE by enhancing the intestinal barrier a

关键词： Broiler chicken Immunity Intestinal health Necrotic enteritis Tannic acid

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Comparative study of apparent metabolizable energy and net energy values of dephenolized cottonseed proteins for laying hens

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 72-76页

作者： Yongfa Liu Yi Wei Qiuyu Jiang Peng Li Zhibin Ban zengpeng lv Yuming Guo State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Metabolism Jilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesGongzhulingJilin 136100China

Optimizing the energy utilization of nutrients and ensuring maximum benefits are continuous goals for livestock *** net energy(NE)value of feed reflects its nutritional value in the precision feeding *** experiment was conducted to determine the apparent metabolizable energy(AME)and NE values of 3 types of dephenolized cottonseed protein(DCP)for Hy Line Brown hens aged 42 to 45 weeks using the reference diet substitution method.A reference diet based on corn soybean meal was used to meet the nutritional needs of Hy Line Brown laying *** render the crude protein and energy values of the 3 test diets similar,10.5%,12%,and 16%of the gross energy yielding ingredients from the reference diet were replaced with DCP 1,DCP 2,and DCP 3,*** birds were fed 4 diets during a 7-d adaptation *** the dietary adaptation period,2 birds per replicate from each treatment group were placed in an individual open circuit respiratory calorimetry chamber for a 3-d experimental *** O_(2)consumption and CO_(2)production were recorded,and excreta samples were *** AME values of DCP 1,DCP 2,and DCP 3 were 3,049.05,2,820.13,and 2,982.31 kcal/kg of dry matter(DM),*** NE values of DCP 1,DCP 2,DCP 3 were 1,475.77,1,910.31,and 1,905.37 kcal/kg of DM,respectively,and the NE:AME ratios were 48.40%,67.74%,and 63.89%,*** data show that the AME value of DCP does not reflect the nutritional value of the *** NE value of DCP with a high ME value was not necessarily high.

关键词： Dephenolized cottonseed protein Laying hen Metabolizable energy Net energy

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Effects of rearing system and antibiotic treatment on immune function,gut microbiota and metabolites of broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第2期14卷 827-852页

作者： Bochen Song Peng Li Huiping Xu Zhong Wang Jianmin Yuan Bingkun Zhang zengpeng lv Zhigang Song Yuming Guo State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Animal Science Shandong Agricultural UniversityTaian 271018China.

Background:In China,cage systems with a high space utilization have gradually replaced ground litter systems,but the disease incidence of chickens in cages is *** in the ground litter pens may be stimulated by more environmental microbes during the growth process and show strong immune function and status,but knowledge of which microbes and their metabolites play an immunomodulatory role is still *** study aimed to explore the differences and correlations in the immune function,gut microbiota and metabolites and the importance of gut microbiota of broilers raised in cages and ground litter ***:The experiment involved a 2×2 factorial arrangement,with rearing systems(cages or ground litter pens)and antibiotic treatment(with or without broad-spectrum antibiotics in drinking water)as ***:The results showed that,compared with the cage group,the ground litter broilers had stronger nonspecific immune function(Macrophages%and NO in blood),humoral immune function(IgG in blood,LPS stimulation index in ileum)and cellular immune function(T%,Tc%,ConA stimulation index and cytokines in blood).Antibiotic(ABX)treat-ment significantly reduced nonspecific immune function(Macrophages%and NO in blood,iNOS and Mucin2 mRNA expression in ileum),humoral immune function(IgG in blood and sIgA in ileum)and cellular immune function(T%and cytokines in blood,Th and Tc ratio,TLRs and cytokines mRNA expression in ileum).Furthermore,the ground litter broil-ers had higherαdiversity of microbiota in *** relative abundance of Staphylococcus,Jeotgalicoccus,Jeotgalibaca and Pediococcus in the ileum of ground litter broilers were *** treatment significantly reduced theαdiversity of ileal microbiota,with less Chloroplast and *** addition,the levels of acetic acid,isobutyric acid,kynurenic acid and allolithocholic acid in the ileum of ground litter broilers were *** correlation analysis showed that Jeotgalibaca,Pediococcus,aceti

关键词： Broad-spectrum antibiotics Broiler chickens Gut microbiota Immune function Metabolites Rearing system

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The ionome and proteome landscape of aging in laying hens and relation to egg white quality

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中国科学:生命科学英文版 2023年第9期66卷 2020-2040页

作者： Guang Li Yuqing Feng Jian Cui Qihang Hou Tanfang Li Meiting Jia Zhengtian lv Qiuyu Jiang Ying Wang Ming Zhang Lin Wang zengpeng lv Junyou Li Yuming Guo Bingkun Zhang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Sichuan Tieqilishi Industrial Co. Ltd.Mianyang 621010China Sichuan Sundaily Farm Ecological Food Co. Ltd.Mianyang 621010China Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of TokyoIbaraki 319-0206Japan

The ionome is essential for maintaining body function and health status by participating in diverse key biological ***, the distribution and utilization of ionome among different organs and how aging impacts the ionome leading to a decline in egg white quality remain unknown. Thus, we used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) to analyze 35 elements and their isotopic contents in eight organs of laying hens at 35, 72, and 100 weeks. Moreover, the magnum proteome, amino acids in egg white, and egg white quality were analyzed in laying hens at three different ages using 4D proteomics techniques, an amino acid analyzer, and an egg quality analyzer. Across the organs, we identified varying distribution patterns among macroelements(Mg24, Ca43/44, K39, and P31), transition metals(Zn64/66, Cu63/65, Fe56/57, and Mn55), and toxic elements(Pb208, Ba137, and Sr86). We observed an organ-specific aging pattern characterized by the accumulation of toxic elements(Pb208, Ba137, and Sr86) and calcification in the small intestine. Additionally, a decrease in the utilization of essential trace elements selenium(Se78/82) and manganese(Mn55) was noted in the oviduct. By analyzing ionome in tandem with egg quality, egg white amino acids, and proteome, we unveiled that the reduction of selenium and manganese concentrations in the magnum during the aging process affected amino acid metabolism, particularly tryptophan metabolism, thereby inhibiting the amino acid synthesis in the magnum. Furthermore, it accelerated the senescence of magnum cells through necroptosis activation, leading to a decline in the albumen secretion function of the magnum and subsequently reducing egg white ***, this study provides insights into the evolution of 35 elements and their isotopes across 8 organs of laying hens with *** also reveals the elemental composition, interactions, and utilization patterns of these organs, as well as their correlation with egg white

关键词： aging elements ionome isotopes laying hens proteome

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A fast forward computational method for nuclear measurement using volumetric detection constraints

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 47-63页

作者： Qiong Zhang Lin-lv Lin University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610000China

Owing to the complex lithology of unconventional reservoirs,field interpreters usually need to provide a basis for interpretation using logging simulation *** the various detection tools that use nuclear sources,the detector response can reflect various types of information of the *** Monte Carlo method is one of the primary methods used to obtain nuclear detection responses in complex ***,this requires a computational process with extensive random sampling,consumes considerable resources,and does not provide real-time response ***,a novel fast forward computational method(FFCM)for nuclear measurement that uses volumetric detection constraints to rapidly calculate the detector response in various complex environments is ***,the data library required for the FFCM is built by collecting the detection volume,detector counts,and flux sensitivity functions through a Monte Carlo ***,based on perturbation theory and the Rytov approximation,a model for the detector response is derived using the flux sensitivity function method and a one-group diffusion *** environmental perturbation is constrained to optimize the model according to the tool structure and the impact of the formation and borehole within the effective detection ***,the method is applied to a neutron porosity tool for *** various complex simulation environments,the maximum relative error between the calculated porosity results of Monte Carlo and FFCM was 6.80%,with a rootmean-square error of 0.62 *** field well applications,the formation porosity model obtained using FFCM was in good agreement with the model obtained by interpreters,which demonstrates the validity and accuracy of the proposed method.

关键词： Nuclear measurement Fast forward computation Volumetric constraints

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Fractures interaction and propagation mechanism of multi-cluster fracturing on laminated shale oil reservoir

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Petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2600-2613页

作者： Jia-Xin lv Bing Hou Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering Ministry of Education China University of Petroleum (Beijing) State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Department of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (Beijing) at Karamay

The continental shale reservoirs of Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation in Sichuan Basin contain thin lamina, which is characterized by strong plasticity and developed longitudinal shell limestone *** improve the production efficiency of reservoirs by multi-cluster fracturing, it is necessary to consider the unbalanced propagation of hydraulic fractures and the penetration effect of fractures. This paper constructed a numerical model of multi-fracture propagation and penetration based on the finite element coupling cohesive zone method; considering the construction cluster spacing, pump rate,lamina strength and other parameters studied the influencing factors of multi-cluster fracture interaction propagation; combined with AE energy data and fracture mode reconstruction method, quantitatively characterized the comprehensive impact of the strength of thin interlayer rock interfaces on the initiation and propagation of fractures that penetrate layers, and accurately predicted the propagation pattern of hydraulic fractures through laminated shale oil reservoirs. Simulation results revealed that in the process of multi-cluster fracturing, the proportion of shear damage is low, and mainly occurs in bedding fractures activated by outer fractures. Reducing the cluster spacing enhances the fracture system's penetration ability, though it lowers the activation efficiency of lamina. The high plasticity of the limestone interlayer may impact the vertical propagation distance of the main fracture. Improving the interface strength is beneficial to the reconstruction of the fracture height, but the interface communication effect is limited. Reasonable selection of layers with moderate lamina strength for fracturing stimulation, increasing the pump rate during fracturing and setting the cluster spacing reasonably are beneficial to improve the effect of reservoir stimulation.

关键词： Laminated shale Multi-cluster fracturing Cross-layer Cohesive zone model Acoustic emission technique

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