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Maize and the maize weevil:advances and innovations in postharvest control of the pest

Food Quality and Safety 2018年第3期2卷 145-152页

作者： luke chinaru nwosu Department of Crop and Soil Science Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Port HarcourtP.M.B.5323Rivers StateNigeria

The review focused on recent advances and innovations on the use of maize varietal resistance and plant materials in the control of Sitophilus zeamais *** biological techniques for assessing the resistance of varieties of maize to postharvest infestation by *** were *** was suggested that routine analysis of plant species is particularly important to cope with the problem of resistance to synthetic insecticides in weevil *** the paper also revealed the important technical guidelines and scoring system for testing plant materials for insecticidal *** postharvest insect pest management strategy should form part of the overall crop husbandry for preserving the quality of the *** of resistant varieties is the best approach to overcoming the problems of synthetic insecticides in weevil ***,breeding maize crop to improve resistance against the maize weevil is associated with some technical *** limitations include lack of inter-specific cross-compatibility,methodological constraints,biotic variation,undesirable genetic linkages,and limited knowledge of genetic bases of *** screening of plant species for insecticidal activities,an untreated control and a reference insecticide whose efficacy in different agro-ecological zones is known should be designated and the plant material should be tested at economically justified *** review presented some advances and innovations on the use of maize resistance(including new formulae and scoring systems)in the control of weevil infestation and addressed maize quality and safety after pest-control *** will enhance reorientation of research focus and provide new impetus for the protection of stored maize against *** attack.

关键词： maize postharvest resistant varieties technical guides reorientation.

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Assessment of bone charcoal dusts of six species of mammal for the postharvest control of Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius(Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae)infestations of cowpea seeds:can the charcoal dust affect seed viability in laboratory and in field?

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Food Quality and Safety 2019年第4期3卷 279-287页

作者： luke chinaru nwosu Department of Crop and Soil Science University of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtRivers StateNigeria

Objectives:The possibility that bone charcoal dusts of some species of mammal will control the major insect pest of stored cowpea seeds and the implications on seed viability(after pest control process)were investigated in the laboratory at ambient temperature(30±3°C)and relative humidity(70±5%)and in *** and Methods:Standard entomological and agronomical techniques were ***:The results showed that at 1.0%w/w dosage,the bone charcoal dusts of Ovis aries and Bos taurus were more effective than permethrin standard insecticide in killing adult Callosobruchus maculatus *** cowpea seeds in *** taurus had a faster action speed than permethrin at 1.0%w/*** 1.5%w/w of dust,all the species of mammal investigated deterred oviposition considerably in *** females,whereas only the bone charcoal dusts of *** and Sus scrofa were comparable with permethrin in suppressing adult emergence and seed damage;*** only was comparable with permethrin in reducing larval *** charcoal dusts of *** and *** require chemical and olfactory analyses to know if they might have caused irritation to the insects and disrupted insect circadian rhythm,affecting behaviour and mating activities,*** bone charcoal dusts of the six species of mammal at a highest test dose of 1.5%w/w allowed high seed viability in both laboratory and ***:The study recommends the use of bone charcoal dusts of *** and *** at economical-and quality-favourable dose 1.5%w/w for managers seeking to control *** insect attacking cowpea seeds in *** transitive components of the bones,abrasion of the insect epicuticle lipid layer by the charcoal dust,and combustion-related toxic factors were responsible for the insecticidal activities of the bone charcoal dusts of the mammals.

关键词： bone charcoal dust mammal stored cowpea seed viability Callosobruchus maculatus

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Toxicological and histopathological effects of Dennettia tripetala seed used as grain protectant,food,and medicine

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Food Quality and Safety 2017年第3期1卷 211-219页

作者： luke chinaru nwosu Chris Olukayode Adedire Emmanuel Oludele Ogunwolu Michael Olufemi Ashamo Food Technology Programme Department of BiologyFederal University of TechnologyAkureOndo State and Department of Crop and Environmental Protection University of AgricultureMakurdiBenue StateNigeria Department of Crop and Soil Science Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Port HarcourtP.M.B.5323Port HarcourtRivers StateNigeria

The study revealed the safety of Dennettia tripetala seed on man and the *** male rats weighing 0.158-0.168 kg housed in standard cages with free access to food and water were used for the *** median lethal dose(LD50)was estimated using revised up and down *** LD50 for *** seed extract was 5785 mg/kg and this evoked paralysis in rats for 4 days coupled with discharge from the eyes and eventual *** least weight gain by the animals administered 75%seed powder of ***(4338.75 mg/kg)was an index of high powder concentration,whereas the weight loss experienced by group V animals is strongly attributed to chemical assault by permethrin designated as a standard *** high values of alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and urea in the groups administered 75%permethrin powder(4338.75 mg/kg)and 75%*** seed powder is an index of liver and kidney injury and *** presence of normal serum levels of ALT,AST,alkaline phosphatase,and creatinine;normal liver and kidney structures;and normal weight gains in the animal groups fed basal diet(control)and basal diet plus 25%*** is a strong indication that 25%*** seed powder(1446.25 mg/kg)supplementation is not toxic to the liver and kidney and therefore supports normal organ *** LD50 recorded strongly indicates that *** has a moderately high safety *** of less than 50%(2892.5 mg/kg)is recommended in the safe use of the plant material as grain protectant,food,and *** botanical insecticide,***,is safer than the conventional synthetic insecticide,permethrin,on account of the latter showing evidence of kidney damage.

关键词： Safety botanical insecticide permethrin supplementation kidney damage

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