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Sequence-sorted redox-switchable hetero[3]rotaxanes

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第1期9卷 64-74页

作者： marius Gaedke Henrik Hupatz Felix Witte Susanne m.Rupf Clara Douglas Hendrik V.Schröder lukas Fischer moritz malischewski Beate Paulus Christoph A.Schalley Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität Berlin Arnimallee 2014195 BerlinGermany Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität Berlin Arnimallee 2214195 BerlinGermany Institut für Chemie und Biochemie der Freien Universität Berlin Fabeckstr.34/3614195 BerlinGermany

From a library of five crown ether macrocycles with different ring sizes and redox-active moieties,such as tetrathiafulvalene(TTF)and naphthalene dimiide(NDI),directional heterocircuit[3]rotaxanes were *** an axle with two binding sites with different steric accessibility,the concept of integrative self-sorting was applied to program the sequence of functional units in heteropseudo[3]*** on binding strength and ring size of the smaller macrocycles,different heteropseudo[3]rotaxane selectivities and stabilities were determined by 2D NmR spectroscopy and tandem mass spectrometry.A heteropseudo[3]rotaxane with rotaxane-like behaviour was isolated chromatographically,displaying electrochemically“frustrated”properties.A robust synthetic procedure was developed allowing the synthesis of four new hetero[3]rotaxanes incorporating specific sequences of functional *** pseudoisomeric rotaxanes which have the naphthalene diimide subunit at two different positions show distinct electrochemical *** calculations suggest that this differences could arise from a folding of the structure,in which the redox-active moieties stack with a stopper *** study presents a blueprint for the construction of hetero[3]rotaxanes with sequential control of the functional units along the track of the axle and paves the way to extend the functionality of mechanically interlocked molecules.

关键词： properties redox Sequence

Landscape and scale-dependent spatial niches of bats foraging above intensively used arable fields

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Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 249-263页

作者： Olga Heim lukas Lorenz Stephanie Kramer-Schadt Kirsten Jung Christian C.Voigt Jana A.Eccard Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research Alfred-Kowalke-Str.1710315 BerlinGermany Animal Ecology Institute of Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of PotsdamMaulbeerallee 114469 PotsdamGermany Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics University of UlmAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189069 UlmGermany Department of Animal Behaviour Freie Universität BerlinTakustr.314195 BerlinGermany

Introduction:Bats are threatened by agricultural intensification,and although bat ecology in agricultural landscapes is in the focus of current research,the effects of interacting spatiotemporal factors on species-specific bat activity above farmland remain *** aim was to identify spatiotemporal factors and their interactions relevant for the activity of bat species above conventionally managed arable ***:We repeatedly monitored relative bat activity above open arable fields in Germany using acoustic *** used site-related biotic and abiotic factors and landscape characteristics across five spatial scales,their combinations,and interactions to identify those factors which best explain variation in bat ***:Numerous interactions between landscape characteristics and the insect abundance affected bat activity above *** instance,Pipistrellus pipistrellus became more active with increasing insect abundance,but only above fields with a low proportion of woody vegetation cover in the ***,the level of bat activity in summer depended on landscape *** example,the activity of Pipistrellus nathusii was relatively low in summer above fields that were surrounded by vegetation patches with a high degree of edge complexity(e.g.,hedgerow).However,the activity remained at a relatively high level and did not differ between seasons above fields that were surrounded by vegetation patches with a low degree of edge complexity(e.g.,roundly shaped forest patch).Conclusions:Our results revealed that landscape characteristics and their interactions with insect abundance affected bat activity above conventionally managed fields and highlighted the opportunistic foraging behavior of *** improve the conditions for bats in agricultural landscapes,we recommend re-establishing landscape heterogeneity to protect aquatic habitats and to increase arthropod availability.

关键词： AgroScapeLabs European bat species Agriculture Landscape multi-scale habitat modeling Ecosystem service ConservationAgroScapeLabs European bat species Agriculture Landscape multi-scale habitat modeling Ecosystem service Conservation

Correlation of leaking microaneurysms with retinal thickening in diabetic retinopathy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2011年第3期4卷 269-271页

作者： lukas Reznicek marcus Kernt Christos Haritoglou michael Ulbig Anselm Kampik Aljoscha S Neubauer Department of Ophthalmology Ludwig-Maximilians University

AIm: To investigate the contribution of fluorescein angiographic leaking microaneurysms (leak-mA) versus non-leaking microaneurysms (non-leak-mA) to retinal thickening in diabetic ***: A consecutive series of 38 eyes from 24 patients with diabetic retinopathy was ***-mA and non-leak-mA in each eye were selected in pairs at corresponding topographic *** was defined by late phase fluorescein angiograms compared to early *** thickness was measured with Heidelberg Spectralis OCT topographically aligned on early phase angiograms at the mA site and within a 1 mm ***: In all eyes,significant retinal thickening at the site of leaking compared to non-leaking microaneurysms was observed (356±69μm vs 318±56μm,P mean increase in thickness in the areas of leak-mA vs non-leak-mA of 38±39μm (95% confidence interval 2551μm,Pmm area measurements also showed significant (PmA with average thickness of leak-mA vs non-leak-mA as 351±67μmvs 319±59μm;minimum thickness 311±62μm vs 284±60μm;maximum thickness 389±78μm vs 352±66μm;and retina volume 26.4±6.0mmvs 23.6±3.7mm3,***: Leaking of microaneurysms on fluorescein angiography appears to cause focal thickening of retina,which can be measured with high-resolution ***,targeting leaking microaneursyms in diabetic retinopathy has the potential to reduce retinal thickening.

关键词： diabetic retinopathy microaneurysm retinal thickness OCT

Resilience in supply systems -What the food industry can learn from energy sector

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2022年第1期3卷 39-47页

作者： Fabian Ossevorth Paul Seidel Sebastian Krahmer Joachim Seifert Peter Schegner Peter Lochmann lukas Oehm marc mauermann Technische Universität Dresden Professur für ElektroenergieversorgungDresden 01069Germany Technische Universität Dresden Professur für Gebäudeenergietechnik und WärmeversorgungDresden 01069Germany Technische Universität Dresden Professur für Verarbeitungsmaschinen/VerarbeitungstechnikDresden 01069Germany Fraunhofer-Institut for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV Division Processing Technology Dresden01069Germany

Drastic events such as pandemics,earthquakes or other disasters not only threaten the immediate living conditions of people but also indirect circumstances such as energy supply,infrastructure and food *** ensure that damage and failures in these areas do not lead to a disaster,special requirements are placed on this critical *** this context resilience,which is defined as the resistance of a system to external effects,is required.A field that is indeed part of the critical infrastructure,but which has not been considered as intensively as the energy sector,is food *** investigation focuses on how fundamental principles of thermodynamics,system theory and reliability theory can be applied to the modelling of food production processes to obtain a measure of *** known state and process variables from thermodynamics and electrical power engineering,analogous variables are derived for the food *** variables serve as an evaluation standard for a quality measure𝑄.In addi-tion to system-theoretical considerations,it is investigated how existing evaluation criteria of power engineering,such as System Average Interruption Duration Index(SAIDI)and Customer Average Interruption Duration Index(CAIDI),can be transferred to food ***:The investigation focuses on how fundamental principles of thermodynamics,system theory and reliability theory can be applied to the modelling of food production processes to obtain a measure of *** known state and process variables from thermodynamics and electrical power engineering,analogous variables are derived for the food ***:Drastic events such as pandemics,earthquakes or other disasters not only threaten the immediate living conditions of people but also indirect circumstances such as energy supply,infrastructure and food *** ensure that damage and failures in these areas do not lead to a disaster,special requirements are placed on t

关键词： Resilience Food industry Energy Sector System Theory

Sludge thickening in a wastewater treatment plant using a modified hydrocyclone

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2021年第1期4卷 132-141页

作者： Thomas Senfter lukas Fritsch manuel Berger Tobias Kofler Christian mayerl martin Pillei michael Kraxner Dept.of Environmental Process&Energy EngineeringMCI-The Entrepreneurial SchoolAustria

The main application of hydrocyclones in most industry sectors is the separation of particles from *** thickening,however,the separation properties of the cyclone should be adjustable,which requires a different operating ***,we investigated an add-on thickening module,consisting of a conical plug and a secondary vortex finder in the underflow of the *** scale experiments are carried out to investigate the function of the concept of annular gap modification by the use of the thickening *** the second step,we transferred this concept to industrial scale for field tests at a municipal wastewater treatment *** the field tests,geometrical properties(annular gap modification)and operational parameters(volume flow rate,sludge type)were *** results show that thickening in terms of increasing the total solids content of sludge is possible with the modified *** the field tests,a thickening factor(total solids content of thickened sludge related to feed sludge)of 1.31(average)was reached for digested ***,a hydrocyclone could be a promising addition in wastewater treatment plants for dewatering of sludge.

关键词： Hydrocyclone Sludge thickening Dewatering Wastewater treatment Process optimization

Noise Reduction in Industry Based on Virtual Instrumentation

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Computers, materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 1073-1096页

作者： Radek martinek Rene Jaros Jan Baros lukas Danys Aleksandra Kawala-Sterniuk Jan Nedoma Zdenek machacek Jiri Koziorek Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical EngineeringVSB–Technical University of Ostrava70800Ostrava-PorubaCzechia Faculty of Electrical Engineering Automatic Control and InformaticsOpole University of TechnologyOpolePoland Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department of TelecommunicationsVSB–Technical University of Ostrava70800Ostrava-PorubaCzechia

This paper discusses the reduction of background noise in an industrial environment to extend *** the Industry 4.0 era,the mass development of voice control(speech recognition)in various industrial applications is possible,especially as related to augmented reality(such as hands-free control via voice commands).As Industry 4.0 relies heavily on radiofrequency technologies,some brief insight into this problem is provided,including the Internet of things(IoT)and 5G *** study was carried out in cooperation with the industrial partner Brose CZ spol.s.r.o.,where sound recordings were made to produce a *** experimental environment comprised three workplaces with background noise above 100 dB,consisting of a laser/magnetic welder and a press.A virtual device was developed from a given dataset in order to test selected commands from a commercial speech recognizer from *** tested a hybrid algorithm for noise reduction and its impact on voice command recognition *** virtual devices,the study was carried out on large speakers with 20 participants(10 men and 10 women).The experiments included a large number of repetitions(100 times for each command under different noise conditions).Statistical results confirmed the efficiency of the tested *** welding environment efficiency was 27%before applied filtering,76%using the least mean square(LmS)algorithm,and 79%using LmS+independent component analysis(ICA).magnetic welding environment efficiency was 24%before applied filtering,70%with LmS,and 75%with LmS+*** workplace environment efficiency showed no success before applied filtering,was 52%with LmS,and was 54%with LmS+ICA.

关键词： 5G hybrid algorithms signal processing speech recognition

Apoplastic barriers of Populus×canescens roots in reaction to different cultivation conditions and abiotic stress treatments

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Stress Biology 2023年第1期3卷 269-282页

作者： Paul Grunhofer Ines Heimerich Lena Herzig Svenja Pohl lukas Schreiber Department of Ecophysiology Institute of Cellular and Molecular BotanyUniversity of BonnKirschallee 153115 BonnGermany

Populus is an important tree genus frequently cultivated for economical ***,the high sensitivity of poplars towards water deficit,drought,and salt accumulation significantly affects plant productivity and limits biomass *** cultivation and abiotic stress conditions have been described to significantly induce the formation of apoplastic barriers(Casparian bands and suberin lamellae)in roots of different monocotyledonous crop ***,this study aimed to investigate to which degree the roots of the dicotyledonous gray poplar(Populus×canescens)react to a set of selected cultivation conditions(hydroponics,aeroponics,or soil)and abiotic stress treatments(abscisic acid,oxygen deficiency)because a differing stress response could potentially help in explaining the observed higher stress *** apoplastic barriers of poplar roots cultivated in different environments were analyzed by means of histochemistry and gas chromatography and compared to the available literature on monocotyledonous crop ***,dicotyledonous poplar roots showed only a remarkably low induction or enhancement of apoplastic barriers in response to the different cultivation conditions and abiotic stress *** genetic optimization(e.g.,overexpression of biosynthesis key genes)of the apoplastic barrier development in poplar roots might result in more stress-tolerant cultivars in the future.

关键词： Hydroponics Aeroponics Soil Abscisic acid(ABA) Oxygen deficiency Poplar root suberin

Comparison of p38 mAPK, soluble endoglin and endothelin-1 level in severe preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome patients

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2019年第2期8卷 83-87页

作者： Efendi lukas maisuri T Chalid Upik A miskad Syakib Bakri Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of MedicineHasanuddin University of MakassarIndonesia Department of Phatology Faculty of MedicineHasanuddin University of MakassarIndonesia Departement of Internal medicine Faculty of MedicineHasanuddin University of MakassarIndonesia

Objective: To compare the levels of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (mAPK), soluble endoglin and endothelin-1 in the serum of patients with severe preeclampsia, hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome and normal pregnancies. methods: This study was an observational analytic cross-sectional study performed at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, makassar, Indonesia, in the period of 5th February 2016 to 20th January 2017. P38 mAPK, soluble endoglin and endothelin-1 levels of patients with normal pregnancies, severe preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome were measured by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbentassay technique, using kits of human soluble endoglin, endothelin-1 and p38 mAPK, Quantikine immunoassay: R&D System Inc. Results: Level of serum p38 mAPK in HELLP syndrome group was higher than in severe preeclampsia and normal pregnancy groups. Soluble endoglin and endothelin-1 levels in pregnancies with severe preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome were higher than normal pregnancy but there was no significant difference between these two groups (P>0.05). Levels of p38 mAPK, soluble endoglin and endothelin-1 also had a positive linear correlation with systolic and diastolic blood pressures (PmAPK in serum may be a marker for evidence of the severe hypoxia and its application may be considered for the diagnosis of HELLP syndrome.

关键词： Preeclampsia HELLP syndrome p38 mAPK Soluble endoglin Endothelin-1

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基于电阻器耦合的电动汽车感应充电定位

同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2022年第S1期50卷 165-169页

作者： Ralf SAUERWALD lukas BRANDL Hans-Christian REUSS 斯图加特大学汽车工程学院(IFS) 德国斯图加特70569

目前,市场上出现越来越多的以电池为动力的电动汽车,其中大多数电动汽车必须通过有线充电装置进行充电。与之相对应的感应式无线充电系统,可以让充电过程更加舒适。无线充电系统一般由初级线圈和次级线圈组成,其中初级线圈可以建立在停... 详细信息

目前,市场上出现越来越多的以电池为动力的电动汽车,其中大多数电动汽车必须通过有线充电装置进行充电。与之相对应的感应式无线充电系统,可以让充电过程更加舒适。无线充电系统一般由初级线圈和次级线圈组成,其中初级线圈可以建立在停车场,将电能转化为场能;次级线圈安装在车辆中,接收初级线圈能量并转化为电能,为车辆电池充电。为保证充电过程安全有效,初级线圈和次级线圈必须充分耦合,这可通过将车辆准确定位在初级线圈上方来实现。本文提出了一种简单而经济的方法来验证线圈之间的耦合是否足以满足充电条件。通过安装在次级线圈侧的电阻,来模拟在确定工作条件下无线充电系统的电池负载;电阻两端电压可以用来估计线圈之间的耦合度,以反映车辆与初级线圈的相对位置。本文在数学和物理原理的基础上解释了这个概念,并在一个真实的无线电传输线路上进行了试验评估。

关键词：电动汽车无线动力充电联轴器定位