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Numerical study of novel OME_(1-6) combustion mechanism and spray combustion at changed ambient environments

Frontiers in Energy 2024年第4期18卷 483-505页

作者： Frederik WIESMANN Zeyan QIU Dong HAN lukas strauβ Sebastian RIEβ Michael WENSING Thomas LAUER Institute of Powertrains and Automotive Technology TU Wien1060 ViennaAustria Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Professorship for Fluid Systems Technology Friedrich-AlexanderUniversität Erlangen-Nürnberg91058 ErlangenGermany

For a climate-neutral future mobility,the socalled e-fuels can play an essential ***,oxygenated e-fuels containing oxygen in their chemical formula have the additional potential to burn with significantly lower soot *** particular,polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers or oxymethylene ethers(PODEs or OMEs)do not contain carbon-carbon bonds,prohibiting the production of soot precursors like acetylene(C_(2)H_(2)).These properties make OMEs a highly interesting candidate for future climate-neutral compression-ignition ***,to fully leverage their potential,the auto-ignition process,flame propagation,and mixing regimes of the combustion need to be *** achieve this,efficient oxidation mechanisms suitable for computational fluid dynamics(CFD)calculations must be developed and *** present work aims to highlight the improvements made by developing an adapted oxidation mechanism for OME1-6 and introducing it into a validated spray combustion CFD model for *** simulations were conducted for single-and multi-injection patterns,changing ambient temperatures,and oxygen *** results were validated against high-pressure and high-temperature constantpressure chamber ****-chemiluminescence measurements accomplished the characterization of the auto-ignition *** experiments and simulations were conducted for two different *** improvements concerning the prediction of the ignition delay time were accomplished while also retaining an excellent agreement for the flame lift-off *** spatial zones of high-temperature reaction activity were also affected by the adaption of the reaction *** showed a greater tendency to form OH^(*) radicals within the center of the spray in accordance with the experiments.

关键词： oxygenated fuels reaction kinetics oxidation mechanisms computational fluid dynamics(CFD) oxymethylene ethers(OME) e-fuels multiinjection spray-combustion

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The effect of fitness level on cardiac autonomic regulation, IL-6,total antioxidant capacity, and muscle damage responses to a single bout of high-intensity interval training

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第3期7卷 363-371页

作者： lukas Cipryan Human Motion Diagnostic Centre and Department of Human Movement Studies Ostrava University

Purpose:The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the cardiorespiratory fitness level on the response to high-intensity interval training(HIIT)with an individually adjusted running speed of the same relative *** evaluation focused on acute cardiorespiratory response,postexercise cardiac autonomic modulation(heart rate variability(HRV))and biochemical markers of inflammation,oxidative stress,and muscle ***:Thirty participants were divided into 3 subgroups:well trained,moderately trained,and *** the participants performed30 min HIIT composed of 6×2 min interval exercise with work-to-relief ratio=1 and work intensity 100%of individual velocity at maximal oxygen consumption(VO2max).Acute cardiorespiratory variables,postexercise HRV,lactate,interleukin-6(IL-6),total antioxidant capacity(TAC),creatine kinase,and myoglobin up to 4h after HIIT were ***:The differences in relatively expressed cardiorespiratory variables(heart rate,VO2)during HIIT were at most moderate,with the most pronounced between-group differences in absolute VO2 *** disruption of the postexercise HRV was the most pronounced in untrained individuals,and this difference persisted 1 h after *** highest postexercise IL-6 and TAC concentrations and the lowest changes in creatine kinase and myoglobin were revealed in well-trained ***:The higher fitness level was associated with the less pronounced postexercise cardiac autonomic changes and their faster restoration,even when there were similar acute cardiorespiratory *** findings were simultaneously accompanied by the higher postexercise IL-6 and TAC concentrations and less significant changes in muscle damage biochemical markers in well-trained individuals.

关键词： Creatine kinase Heart rate variability Inflammation Myoglobin Total antioxidant capacity Training status

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The tip of the iceberg?The underestimated potential of non-canonical beta-amyloids for Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2689-2690页

作者： lukas Busch Bernd Bufe Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology University of Applied Sciences KaiserslauternZweibrückenGermany

Formation and deposition of amyloid-beta(Aβ) are considered one of the main drivers of Alzheimer's disease(AD). For more than 30 years, Aβ has challenged researchers through its complex physicochemical properties an... 详细信息

关键词： amyloid Alzheimer Aβ

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Frost Damage Index:The Antipode of Growing Degree Days

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第4期5卷 757-766页

作者： Flavian Tschurr Norbert Kirchgessner Andreas Hund lukas Kronenberg Jonas Anderegg Achim Walter lukas Roth Department of Environmental System Sciences Institute of Agricultural SciencesETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland Crop Genetics John Innes CentreNorwichUK Department of Environmental System Sciences Institute of Integrative BiologyETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland

Abiotic stresses such as heat and frost limit plant growth and ***-based field phenotyping methods allow quantifying not only plant growth but also plant *** crops show senescence caused by cold spells,visible as declines in leaf *** accurately quantified such declines by monitoring changes in canopy cover based on time-resolved high-resolution imagery in the ***-six winter wheat genotypes were measured in multiple years.A concept termed"frost damage index"(FDI)was developed that,in analogy to growing degree days,summarizes frost events in a cumulative *** measured sensitivity of genotypes to the FDI correlated with visual scorings commonly used in breeding to assess winter *** FDI concept could be adapted to other factors such as drought or heat *** commonly not considered in plant growth modeling,integrating such degradation processes may be key to improving the prediction of plant performance for future climate scenarios.

关键词： winter analogy integrating

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Corrosion Behavior of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy in Highly Alkaline Environment

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第4期30卷 367-375页

作者： Somi Doja lukas Bichler Simon Fan School of Engineering University of British ColumbiaOkanagan 3333 University Way Kelowna BC V1V 1VTCanada ZincNyx Energy Solutions Vancouver BC V6P 6T3 Canada

Industrial components made with a magnesium-aluminum alloy AZ31 are often used in diverse engineering applications where component weight, strength, and durability are critical. Similarly as other Mg alloys, however, the AZ31 is susceptible to corrosion in alkaline environments. In this work, corrosion of commercial grade AZ31 alloy plate was examined in potassium hydroxide （KOH） using immersion and potentiodynamic studies. The results suggest that the concentration of A1 and Mn in the alloy may govern the kinetics of micro-galvanic corrosion and the initiation of corrosion pits. Further, trace amounts of Ni in the AZ31 alloy were seen to enable formation of Ni（OH）2 surface layer, which may have further accelerated alloy corrosion due to its cracking and void coalescence. The effect of pH on the corrosion behavior of AZ31 was studied with reference to Pourbaix diagrams.

关键词： Magnesium alloy AZ31 KOH

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From Neglecting to Including Cultivar-Specific Per Se Temperature Responses:Extending the Concept of Thermal Time in Field Crops

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Plant Phenomics 2024年第3期6卷 547-562页

作者： lukas Roth Martina Binder Norbert Kirchgessner Flavian Tschurr Steven Yates Andreas Hund lukas Kronenberg Achim Walter ETH Zurich Institute of Agricultural SciencesUniversitätstrasse 28092 ZürichSwitzerland John Innes Centre Crop GeneticsNorwich NR47UHUnited Kingdom

Predicting plant development,a longstanding goal in plant physiology,involves 2 interwoven components:continuous growth and the progression of growth stages(phenology).Current models for winter wheat and soybean assume species-level growth responses to *** challenge this assumption,suggesting that cultivar-specific temperature responses substantially affect *** investigate,we collected field-based growth and phenology data in winter wheat and soybean over multiple *** used diverse models,from linear to neural networks,to assess growth responses to temperature at various trait and covariate ***-specific nonlinear models best explained phenology-related cultivar-environment *** cultivar-specific models,additional relations to other stressors than temperature were *** availability of the presented field phenotyping tools allows incorporating cultivar-specific temperature response functions in future plant physiology studies,which will deepen our understanding of key factors that influence plant ***,this work has implications for crop breeding and cultivation under adverse climatic conditions.

关键词： temperature specific concept crops field time from cultivar extending including

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Balancing development and conservation needs of stakeholders in the Tusheti Protected Landscape

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第3期17卷 709-723页

作者： SVAJDA Juraj MALAC lukas KHARTISVILI Lela Matej Bel University Faculty of Natural Sciences97401 Banska BystricaSlovakia HaskoningDHV 18600 PrahaCzech Republic BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences 1190 WienAustria

Public governance and civil society play an important role in the preservation of the environmental and cultural values of the specific region of Tusheti. This area is an interesting study object also due to its unique governing model and different management issues including the historical background of the region and the current growth of tourism. In the region, where there is a significant number of initiatives supported by donors, a management plan for the protected landscape was prepared and put into practice and selected measures were implemented. Our evaluation of the activities was focused on relevance, efficiency, effectiveness,impacts and sustainability of outcomes. On the basis of the formulated conclusions, a few recommendations related to process and system nature, implementation and replicability of approaches are suggested. The results show an increase in tourism in the region,which leads to an improvement in the quality of life of the local population. On the other hand, it represents a threat to natural and cultural values, historical identity and uniqueness. The Management Plan is an excellent platform for stakeholder cooperation and implementation of specific measures to protect this exceptional territory.

关键词： Protected landscape Management plan Governance Biodiversity Tourism

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Carbon nanotube and graphene reinforced magnesium matrix composites:A state-of-the-art review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第6期11卷 1825-1905页

作者： Lava Kumar Pillari Kyle Lessoway lukas Bichler School of Engineering The University of British Columbia-OkanaganKelownaBC V1V 1V7Canada

Magnesium(Mg)composites reinforced with carbon-based nanomaterial(CBN)often exhibit low density,enhanced strength,good conductivity,improved wear resistance,and excellent biocompatibility when compared to current industry Mg *** review aims to critically evaluate recent developments in Mg-CBN composites and is divided into five sections:First,a brief introduction to Mg-CBN composites is provided,followed by a discussion of different fabrication techniques for these composites,including powder metallurgy,casting,friction stir processing,and selective laser melting.A particular focus is on the current processing challenges,including dispersion strategies to create homogeneous Mg-CBN *** effect of processing on the quantifying disorder in CBNs and distinguishing different sp2carbon materials is also ***,the effect of CBN on various properties of Mg-CBN composites is thoroughly analyzed,and the strengthening efficiency of CNTs and graphene in the Mg matrix is ***,the potential applications of Mg-CBN composites in various industries are proposed,followed by a summary and suggestions for future research directions in the field of Mg-CBN composites.

关键词： Magnesium Carbon nanotubes(CNTs) Graphene Nanocomposites Processing Mechanical properties

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A Stochastic Study on the Wicking Phenomena

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2012年第2期29卷 178-181页

作者：翁鸣 lukas David Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology Ministry of EducationZhejiang Sci-Tech University Faculty of Textile Engineering Technical University of Liberec

A stochastic approach based on a 3D 3-state Potts model combined with Monte Carlo simulation was used to study the equilibrium wicking height of liquids in vertical cylindrical capillaries. The Lifshitz-van der Waals and Lewis acid-base theories were adopted to characterize the apolar and polar interactions in the spin system. The evolution of the spin system was driven by the difference in total energy for two successive states. To verify the model, equilibrium wicking height of water, formamide, heptane, and octane in capillaries of different radii were examined and the corresponding computer simulations were implemented. Good agreement was obtained between the simulation and experimental results. It shows the potential of the proposed approach to be applied in this area.

关键词： Potts model Monte Carlo simulation wicking Lifshitz-van der Waals Lewis acid-base

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Histopathological assessment of the microscopic activity in inflammatory bowel diseases:What are we looking for?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第36期28卷 5300-5312页

作者： Ondrej Fabian lukas Bajer Clinical and Transplant Pathology Centre Institute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague 14021Czech Republic Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine 3rd Faculty of MedicineCharles University and Thomayer HospitalPrague 14059Czech Republic Hepatogastroenterology Department Institute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague 14021Czech Republic Institute of Microbiology Czech Academy of SciencesPrague 14220Czech Republic

Advances in diagnostics of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)and improved treatment strategies allowed the establishment of new therapeutic ***,it is desirable not only to cease clinical symptoms,but mainly to achieve endoscopic remission,a macroscopic normalization of the bowel ***,up to one-third of IBD patients in remission exhibit persisting microscopic activity of the *** evidence suggests a better predictive value of histology for the development of clinical complications such as clinical relapse,surgical intervention,need for therapy escalation,or development of colorectal *** proper assessment of microscopic inflammatory activity thus became an important part of the overall histopathological evaluation of colonic biopsies and many histopathological scoring indices have been ***,a majority of them have not been validated and no scoring index became a part of the routine bioptic *** review summarizes a predictive value of microscopic disease activity assessment for the subsequent clinical course of IBD,describes the most commonly used scoring indices for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis,and comments on current limitations and unresolved issues.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Microscopy Predictor Score Ulcerative colitis

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