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Treatment and prevention of epilepsy in onchocerciasis-endemic areas is urgently needed

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 85-89页

作者： Robert Colebunders Joseph Nelson Siewe Fodjo Olivia Kamoen luis-Jorge Amaral Amber Hadermann Chiara Trevisan Mark J.Taylor Julia Gauglitz Achim Hoerauf Yasuaki Sato Katja Polman Maria-Gloria Basanez Dan Bhwana Thomson Lakwo Gasim Abd-Elfarag Sebastien D.Pion Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Department of Neurology Heilig Hart ZiekenhuisLierBelgium Department of Public Health Institute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine LiverpoolUK Department of Computer Science University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Institute of Medical Microbiology Immunology and ParasitologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site Bonn-CologneBonnGermany School of Global Humanities and Social Sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasakiJapan MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and London Centre for Neglected TropicalDisease Research Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK National Institute for Medical Research TangaTanzania Vector Control Division Ministry of HealthKampalaUganda School of Public Health University of JubaJubaSouth Sudan Access for Humanity JubaSouth Sudan French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development MontpellierFrance

Background There is increasing epidemiological evidence supporting the association between onchocerciasis and seizures, reinforcing the concept of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE). The aim of this paper is to provide an update on the new knowledge about OAE and to propose recommendations to the World Health Organization how to address this public health *** text During the 2nd International Workshop on OAE held on 19-21 September, 2023, in Antwerp, Belgium, participants recognised OAE as a substantial yet neglected public health problem, particularly in areas of sub-Saharan Africa where onchocerciasis remains hyperendemic. Evidence from prospective population-based studies suggest that strengthening onchocerciasis elimination efforts leads to a significant reduction of OAE incidence. There is a need to validate an OAE case definition to estimate the burden of disease and identify onchocerciasis-endemic areas requiring intensification of onchocerciasis elimination programmes and integration of epilepsy care. It is expected that raising awareness about OAE will boost the population uptake of ivermectin. The implementation of a community-based epilepsy treatment programme offering free anti-seizure medications (ASMs) has shown high effectiveness in reducing the frequency of seizures and improving the overall quality of life of people with *** To reduce OAE burden, enhanced collaboration between onchocerciasis and mental health programmes at community, national, and international levels is required. Urgent efforts are needed to ensure the uninterrupted provision of free ASMs in onchocerciasis-endemic areas. Furthermore, OAE should be included in the quantification of the onchocerciasis disease burden.

关键词： Onchocerciasis Morbidity Burden of disease Prevention Ivermectin Epilepsy Nodding syndrome Treatment Children Policy

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Early life investment in antlers and body growth reflects adult performance in roe deer population under supplementary feeding conditions

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第3期17卷 396-407页

作者： Marta PELÁez Isabel SANUY Juan Carlos PERAL JoséluisÁlvarez ESTEBAN Santiago LAVÍN Emmanuel SERRANO Ramón PEREA Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Wildlife Ecology&Health group(WE&H)and Servei d’Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge(SEFaS).Facultat de Veterinària Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona(UAB)BarcelonaSpain Centro Cinegético I+D de Valsemana Junta de Castilla y LeónLa ErcinaLeónSpain

Recent research has challenged the idea that cervid antlers are such costly traits,supporting the assertion early-life antler investment is an honest signal of adult phenotypic ***,inferences were made based on antler measurements while growing(velvet)and thus,studies on fully-formed clean antlers are needed to avoid possible bias caused by the inter-individual variation in antler growth *** studied a semi-captive population of European roe deer inhabiting a sub-Mediterranean area(Valsemana research station)and living under optimal conditions(ad libitum food supply and veterinary care).Based on repeated measurements taken from 146 individuals,we assessed whether allocation to secondary sexual traits during early life affected body mass or antler development during ***,we evaluated which body measurements better predicted future male ***,using 488 individuals,we described age-class-specific variation in male body measurements and assessed the decline in antler size between adult and senescent stages(*** of senescence).Results agree with the assertion that there is no negative effect of a high investment in antler during early life on adult antler size or body mass,but we suggest the use of clean antlers as a more robust and reliable *** variables that better predicted body mass during adulthood were yearling body mass and body size at 6 *** score between 10 and 18 months resulted in the best indicator of adult antler ***,we support the idea that the magnitude of senescence in antler size is smaller in environments with higher resource availability during winter.

关键词： antler size body mass early-life investment Mediterranean environments secondary sexual traits and senescence trade-offs

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Management of incidentally discovered appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors after an appendicectomy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第13期28卷 1304-1314页

作者： Joséluis Muñoz de Nova Jorge Hernando Miguel Sampedro Núñez Greissy Tibisay Vázquez Benítez Eva María Triviño Ibáñez María Isabel del Olmo García Jorge Barriuso jaume Capdevila Elena Martín-Pérez Department of General and Digestive Surgery Hospital Universitario de La PrincesaMadrid 28006Spain Department of Surgery Universidad Autónomade MadridMadrid 28029Spain Gastrointestinal and Endocrine Tumor Unit Medical Oncology DepartmentVall d´Hebron University HospitalVall d´Hebron Institute of OncologyBarcelona 08035Spain Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Hospital Universitario de La PrincesaMadrid 28006Spain Department of Pathology Hospital Universitario Puerta de HierroMadrid 28222Spain Department of Pathology Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid 28029Spain Department of Nuclear Medicine Virgen de las Nieves University HospitalGranada 18014Spain Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition Hospital Universitario i Politècnic La FeValencia 46023Spain Division of Cancer Sciences School of Medical SciencesFaculty of BiologyMedicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Department of Medical Oncology The Christie NHS Foundation TrustManchester M204BXUnited Kingdom

Appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors(aNETs)are an uncommon neoplasm that is relatively indolent in most *** are typically diagnosed in younger patients than other neuroendocrine tumors and are often an incidental finding after an *** there are numerous clinical practice guidelines on management of a NETs,there is continues to be a dearth of evidence on optimal *** of these tumors is stratified according to risk of locoregional and distant ***,there is a lack of consensus regarding tumors that measure 1-2 *** these cases,some histopathological features such as size,tumor grade,presence of lymphovascular invasion,or mesoappendix infiltration must also be *** tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scans are recommended for evaluating the presence of additional disease,except in the case of tumors smaller than 1 cm without additional risk *** receptor scintigraphy or positron emission tomography with computed tomography should be considered in cases with suspected residual or distant *** main point of controversy is the indication for performing a completion right hemicolectomy after an initial appendectomy,based on the risk of lymph node *** main factor considered is tumor size and 2 cm is the most common threshold for indicating a *** factors such as mesoappendix infiltration,lymphovascular invasion,or tumor grade may also be *** the other hand,potential complications,and decreased quality of life after a hemicolectomy as well as the lack of evidence on benefits in terms of survival must be taken into *** this review,we present data regarding the current indications,outcomes,and benefits of a colectomy.

关键词： Neuroendocrine tumors Carcinoid tumor Appendiceal neoplasms Colectomy Neoplasm grading Treatment outcome

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Getting started in mapping-by-sequencing

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第7期57卷 606-612页

作者： Héctor Candela Rubén Casanova-Sáez José luis Micol Instituto de Bioingeniería Universidad Miguel Hernández Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology Umea Plant Science CenterSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences

Next-generation sequencing （NGS） technologies allow the cost-effective sequencing of whole genomes and have expanded the scope of genomics to novel applications, such as the genome-wide characterization of intraspecific polymorphisms and the rapid mapping and identification of point mutations. Next-generation sequencing platforms, such as the Illumina HiSeq2ooo platform, are now commercially available at affordable prices and routinely produce an enormous amount of sequence data, but their wide use is often hindered by a lack of knowledge on how to manipulateand process the information produced. In this review, we focus on the strategies that are available to geneticists who wish to incorporate these novel approaches into their research but who are not familiar with the necessary bioinformatic concepts and computational tools. In particular, we comprehensively summarize case studies where the use of NGS technologies has led to the identification of point mutations, a strategy that has been dubbed ＂mapping-by-sequencing＇, and review examples from plants and other model species such as Caenorhabditis elegans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Drosophila mela- nogaster. As these technologies are becoming cheaper and more powerful, their use is also expanding to allow mutation identification in species with larger genomes, such as many crop plants.

关键词： Mapping-by-sequencing massively parallel sequencing mutation identification SHOREmapping whole-genome re-sequencing

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Particulate matter geochemistry of a highly industrialized region in the Caribbean:Basis for future toxicological studies

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第1期13卷 376-387页

作者： luis F.O.Silva Ismael L.Schneider Paulo Artaxo Yuleisy Núñez-Blanco Diana Pinto Érico M.M.Flores Leandro Gómez-Plata Omar Ramírez Guilherme L.Dotto Department of Civil and Environmental Universidad de la CostaCUCCalle 58#55–66BarranquillaAtlánticoColombia Department of Applied Physics Institute of PhysicsUniversity of São PauloBrazil Department of Chemistry Universidade Federal de Santa MariaRSBrazil Universidad Militar Nueva Granada(UMNG) Faculty of EngineeringEnvironmental EngineeringKm 2 Cajicá-ZipaquiráColombia Chemical Engineering Department Federal University of Santa Maria-UFSM1000Roraima Avenue97105-900 Santa MariaRSBrazil

Air pollution has become an important issue,especially in Caribbean urban areas,and,particulate matter(PM)emitted by different natural and anthropogenic sources causes environmental and health *** this work,we studied the concentrations of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) sources in an industrial and port urban area in the Caribbean region of *** samples were collected within 48-h periods between April and October 2018 by using a Partisol 2000 i-D *** geochemical characterization was performed by X-ray fluorescence(XRF)***,ionic species and black carbon(BC)were quantified by ion chromatography and reflectance spectroscopy,*** the Positive Matrix Factorization(PMF)receptor model,the contributions of PM sources were *** average concentration of PM_(10) was 46.6±16.2μg/m^(3),with high concentrations of Cl and *** PM_(2.5),the average concentration was 12.0±3.2μg/m^(3),and the most abundant components were BC,S,and *** receptor model identified five sources for PM_(10) and PM_(2.5).For both fractions,the contributions of marine sea spray,re-suspended soil,and vehicular traffic were *** addition,PM_(2.5) included two mixed sources were found to be fuel oil combustion with fertilizer industry emissions,and secondary aerosol sources with building construction ***,PM_(10) was found to also include building construction emissions with re-suspended soil,and metallurgical industry *** obtained geochemical atmospheric results are important for the implementation of strategies for the continuous improvement of the air quality of the Caribbean region.

关键词： Urban air pollution Particulate matter Geochemical composition Aerosol source apportionment Receptor models PMF

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Dissecting Maize Productivity:Ideotypes Associated with Grain Yield under Drought Stress and Well-watered Conditions

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第12期54卷 1007-1020页

作者： Jill E.Cairns Ciro Sanchez Mateo Vargas Raziel Ordoez Jose luis Araus Global Maize Program International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)Mexico D.F.Mexico Bioinformatics and Statistics Unit International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT)Mexico D.F.Mexico Unit of Plant Physiology Department of Plant BiologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain

To increase maize （Zea mays L.） yields in drought-prone environments and offset predicted maize yield losses under future climates, the development of improved breeding pipelines using a multi-disciplinary approach is essential. Elucidating key growth processes will provide opportunities to improve drought breeding progress through the identification of key phenotypic traits, ideotypes, and donors. In this study, we tested a large set of tropical and subtropical maize inbreds and single cross hybrids under reproductive stage drought stress and well-watered conditions. Patterns of biomass production, senescence, and plant water status were measured throughout the crop cycle. Under drought stress, early biomass production prior to anthesis was important for inbred yield, while delayed senescence was important for hybrid yield. Under well-watered conditions, the ability to maintain a high biomass throughout the growing cycle was crucial for inbred yield, while a stay-green pattern was important for hybrid yield. While new quantitative phenotyping tools such as spectral reflectance （Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI） allowed for the characterization of growth and senescence patterns as well as yield, qualitative measurements of canopy senescence were also found to be associated with grain yield.

关键词： Climate change drought stress ideotypes maize senescence spectral reflectance.

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Clones identification of Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. in Chile by using PCR-RAPDs technique

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2009年第2期10卷 112-119页

作者： Manuel TORALIBAez Margarita CARU Miguel A. HERRERA luis GONZALez luis M. MARTIN Jorge MIRANDA Rafael M. NAVARRO-CERRILLO Department of Forest Management Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Chile Santa Rosa 11315La PintanaSantiagoChile Department of Ecological Sciences Faculty of SciencesUniversity of ChileSanta Rosa 11315La PintanaSantiagoChile Department of Forestry School of Agriculture and Forestry University of Córdoba14080 CórdobaSpain Department of Genetic School of Agriculture and ForestryUniversity of Córdoba14080 CórdobaSpain Department of Forest Management Faculty of ForestryUniversity of ChileSanta Rosa 11315La PintanaSantiagoChile

A protocol of polymerase chain reaction-random amplified polymorphic DNAs (PCR-RAPDs) was established to analyse the gene diversity and genotype identification for clones of Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. in Chile. Ten (out of 34) clones from introduction trial located in Voipir-Villarrica, Chile, were studied. The PCR-RAPDs technique and a modified hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) protocol were used for genomic DNA extraction. The PCR tests were carried out employing 10-mer random primers. The amplification products were detected by electrophoresis in agarose gels. Forty nine polymorphic bands were obtained with the selected primers (BG04, BF07, BF12, BF13, and BF14) and were ordered according to their molecular size. The genetic similarity between samples was calculated by the jaccard index and a dendrogram was con- structed using a cluster analysis of unweighted pair group method using arithmetic averages (UPGMA). Of the primers tested, 5 (out of 60) RAPD primers were selected for their reproducibility and high polymorphism. A total of 49 polymorphic RAPD bands were detected out of 252 bands. The genetic similarity analysis demonstrates an extensive genetic variability between the tested clones and the dendrogram depicts the genetic relationships among the clones, suggesting a geographic relationship. The results indicate that the RAPD markers permitted the identification of the assayed clones, although they are derived from the same geo- graphic origin.

关键词： RAPD标记技术 PCR检测基因型鉴定北美红杉无性系随机扩增多态性DNA 智利基因组DNA提取

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In Vitro-Propagation of Agave tequilana Weber *** in a Temporary Immersion System

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第1期91卷 83-96页

作者： Otilio Vázquez-Martínez Héctor Gordon Núñez-Palenius Eugenio M.Pérez-Molphe Balch Mauricio Valencia-Posadas luis Pérez-Moreno Graciela M.L.Ruiz-Aguilar M.Gómez-Lim División de Ciencias de la Vida Universidad de GuanajuatoIrapuato36500México Departamento de Química Centro de Ciencias BásicasUniversidad Autónoma de AguascalientesAguascalientes20131México Departamento de Ingeniería Genética CINVESTAV Unidad IrapuatoIrapuato36500México

In Mexico,there is a need to produce large quantities of plantlets for the establishment and replanting of blue(***)agave production *** of these plots are within the origin denomination area(DOT,Spanish acronym)of the distilled product of this plant,known as *** objective of this study was to develop an in vitropropagation protocol for Agave tequilana Weber *** using segmented stems in both:solid and liquid media.A disinfection and in vitro technique were developed to obtain shoots,through plantlets collected in commercial plots,which attained 100%surface-disinfection and budding *** the multiplication stage,the effects of 6-Benzylaminopurine(BA)(0.0,4.4 and 13.2μM)and kinetin(0.0,9.4,18.8 and 37.6μM)were evaluated on lateralshoot production of segmented sagittal *** were cultivated on Murashige&Skoog(MS)medium,with the addition of 3.0%sucrose and 8 g L−1 *** was observed that BA and kinetin increased the number of shoots per explant,obtaining up to 18 and 26,***,it was found that just the sagittal segmentation of explants increased axillary *** the other hand,segmented-stem bases were grown in MS liquid medium with 3.0%sucrose,inside a RITAsystem,programmed by a 5 min immersion step with a frequency of every 4 *** effect of Indole−3-Acetic acid(IAA)(0.57,2.9,5.7μM)was evaluated,while maintaining a concentration of BA(13.2μM).It was observed that the greatest concentration of IAA led to the formation of more than 20 buds per *** results offer a new methodology to increase the efficiency of *** Weber ***-in vitro multiplication by sagittal segmentation of stems and the addition of BA and/or IAA.

关键词： Plant tissue culture stem-disk culture tequila in vitro culture

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Re-folded structure of syn-orogenic granitoids(Padrón dome, NW Iberia):Assessing rheological evolution of cooling continental crust in a collisional setting

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第2期10卷 651-669页

作者： Rubén Díez Fernández Francisco J.Rubio Pascual luis Miguel Martín Parra Departamento de Geodinámica Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFacultad de Ciencias GeológicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Instituto Geológico y Minero de Espana

This contribution discusses about the rheological, kinematic and dynamic frameworks necessary to produce recumbent and upright folds from syn-orogenic granitic massifs that were formed during an early stage of magma genesis related to the onset of a migmatitic dome. Syn-kinematic granitoids occurring within the high-grade infrastructure of the Padron migmatitic dome(NW Iberia) are deformed into largescale recumbent folds(D_2) that are later affected by upright folds(D_3). Petrostructural analysis of a selected area of this dome reveals that after a period of crustal thickening(D_1), NNW-directed extensional flow gave way to recumbent folds and penetrative axial plane foliation(S_2). Superimposed subhorizontal compression resulted in upright folds(D_3). A closer view into the dynamics of the dome allows exploring the factors that may condition the nucleation of folds with contrasting geometries during progressive deformation of molten continental crust. The formation of folds affecting syn-kinematic granitoids suggests a cooling metamorphic path in migmatitic domes. Active and passive folding mechanisms require a crystallizing(cooling) magma to nucleate folds. A more competent metamorphic host inhibits fold nucleation from much less competent magmas. As it crystallizes, magma becomes more rigid(competent),and approaches viscosity values of its host. Passive folding is favored when no significant competence contrast exists between magma and host, so this folding mechanism is more likely shortly after magma genesis and emplacement. In such conditions, and under dominant subhorizontal flow accompanied by flattening(D_2),passive folding would produce isoclinal recumbent geometries. Further magma cooling introduces a shift into the rheological behavior of partially molten crust. Thereon, crystallizing magma bodies would represent significant competence contrasts relative to their host. At this point, buckling is a more likely folding mechanism, and more regular, buckle fo

关键词： Recumbent folds Migmatitic domes Partial melting Crustal-derived granitoids Orogenic collapse Variscan orogen

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Dependence of dynamic contour and Goldmann applanation tonometries on peripheral corneal thickness

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第10期10卷 1521-1527页

作者： Federico Saenz-Frances Claudia Sanz-Pozo Lara Borrego-Sanz luis ja.ez Laura MoralesFernandez Jose Maria Martinez-de-la-Casa Julian Garcia-Sanchez Julian Garcia-Feijoo Enrique Santos-Bueso Ophthalmology Department Clinico Universitario San Carlos HospitalComplutense University Institute of Knowledge Technology Complutense University

AIM：To determine the effects of peripheral corneal thickness（PCT）on dynamic contour tonometry（DCT）and Goldmann applanation tonometry（GAT）.METHODS：A cross-sectional *** created a software which calculates the corneal contour（CC）as a function of the radius from the corneal apex to each pixel of the *** software generates a central circumference with a radius of 1 mm and the remainder of the cornea is segmented in 5 rings concentric with corneal apex being its diameter not constant around the corneal circumference as a consequence of the irregular CC but keeping constant the diameter of each ring in each direction of the *** was determined as the mean thickness of the most eccentric *** weighted scatterplot smoothing（LOWESS）regression was used to determine the pattern of the relationship between PCT and both DCT and GAT ***,two multivariable linear regression models were *** each of them,the dependant variable was intraocular pressure（IOP）as determined using GAT and DCT *** both of the models the predictive variable was PCT though LOWESS regression pattern was used to model the relationship between the dependant variables and the predictor *** and sex were also introduced control variables along with their first-degree interactions with *** outcome measures include amount of IOP variation explained through regression models（R2）and regression coefficients（B）.RESULTS：Subjects included 109 eyes of 109 healthy *** regression suggested that a 2nd-degree polynomial would be suitable to model the relationshipbetween both DCT and GAT with *** PCT was introduced in both models as a linear and quadratic *** age nor sex nor interactions were statistically significant in both *** GAT model,R2was 17.14%（F=9.02;P=0.0002）,PCT linear term B was-1.163（95%CI：-1.163,-0.617）.PCT quadratic term B was 0.00081（95%CI：0.00043,0.00118）.For DCT model R2was 14.28%（F=9.29;P=0.0002

关键词： Goldmann applanation tonometry dynamic contour tonometry peripheral corneal thickness corneal thickness

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