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tRNA^(Glu)-derived fragments from embryonic extracellular vesicles modulate bovine embryo hatching

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1559-1566页

作者： Yuan Fan Krishna chaitanya pavani Katrien Smits Ann Van Soom luc peelman Department of Veterinary and Biosciences Faculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversityHeidestraat 199820 MerelbekeBelgium Department of Internal Medicine Reproduction and Population MedicineFaculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversitySalisburylaan 1339820 MerelbekeBelgium Department for Reproductive Medicine Ghent University HospitalCorneel Heymanslaan 109000 GhentBelgium

Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs(tsRNAs)have been shown to be involved in early embryo development and repression of endogenous retroelements in embryos and stem ***,it is unknown whether tsRNAs also regulate embryo *** this study,we mined the sequencing data of a previous experiment in which we demonstrated that the microRNA(miRNA)cargo of preimplantation embryonic extracellular vesicles(EVs)influences embryo *** thus profiled the tsRNA cargo of EVs secreted by blastocysts and *** majority of tsRNAs was identified as tRNA halves originating from the 5'ends of *** the 148 differentially expressed tsRNAs,the 19 nt tRNA fragment(tRF)tDR-14:32-Glu-cTc-1 was found to be significantly up-regulated in EVs derived from ***-qpcR assays confirmed its significant up-regulation in non-blastocyst embryos and their conditioned medium compared to the blastocyst group(pcTc-1 by supplementing antagomirs to the conditioned medium improved embryo hatching(pcriptomic analysis of embryos treated with tDR-14:32-Glu-cTc-1 antagomirs further showed differential expression of genes that are associated with embryo hatching and *** summary,tDR-14:32-Glu-cTc-1 is up-regulated in non-blastocyst embryos and their secretions,and inhibition of tDR-14:32-Glu-cTc-1 promotes embryo hatching,while influencing embryo implantation-related genes and *** results indicate that embryonic EVs containing specific tRFs may regulate preimplantation embryo development.

关键词： Embryo Extracellular vesicles Hatching tRNA fragments ts RNAs

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Vision Transformers with Hierarchical Attention

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第4期21卷 670-683页

作者： Yun Liu Yu-Huan Wu Guolei Sun Le Zhang Ajad chhatkuli luc Van Gool Institute for Infocomm Research(12R) A*STARSingapore 138632Singapore Institute of High performance computing(IHpc) A*STARSingapore 138632Singapore computer Vision Lab ETH ZurichZurich 8092Switzerland School of Information and communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC)Chengdu 611731China

This paper tackles the high computational/space complexity associated with multi-head self-attention(MHSA)in vanilla vision *** this end,we propose hierarchical MHSA(H-MHSA),a novel approach that computes self-attention in a hierarchical ***,we first divide the input image into patches as commonly done,and each patch is viewed as a ***,the proposed H-MHSA learns token relationships within local patches,serving as local relationship ***,the small patches are merged into larger ones,and H-MHSA models the global dependencies for the small number of the merged *** last,the local and global attentive features are aggregated to obtain features with powerful representation *** we only calculate attention for a limited number of tokens at each step,the computational load is reduced ***,H-MHSA can efficiently model global relationships among tokens without sacrificing fine-grained *** the H-MHSA module incorporated,we build a family of hierarchical-attention-based transformer networks,namely *** demonstrate the superiority of HAT-Net in scene understanding,we conduct extensive experiments on fundamental vision tasks,including image classification,semantic segmentation,object detection and instance ***,HAT-Net provides a new perspective for vision *** and pretrained models are available at https://***/yun-liu/HAT-Net.

关键词： Vision transformer hierarchical attention global attention local attention scene understanding.

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The shear strength of the interface between artificial rock and printed concrete at super-early ages

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Frontiers of Structural and civil Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 51-65页

作者： Yong Yuan Xiaoyun Wang Jiao-Long Zhang Yaxin Tao Kim Van Tittelboom luc Taerwe Geert De Schutter college of civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Belgium-china Joint Laboratory for Industrialized construction Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Magnel-Vandepitte Laboratory for Structural Engineering and Building Materials Ghent UniversityGhent 9052Belgium

3D concrete printing has the potential to replace shotcrete for construction of linings of tunnels in hard *** shear strength of the interface between rock and printed concrete is vital,especially at super-early ***,traditional methods for testing the shear strength of the interface,e.g.,the direct shear test,are time-consuming and result in a high variability for fast-hardening printed *** this paper,a new fast bond shear test is *** test can be completed in 1 min,with another 2 min for preparing the next *** influence of the matrix composition,the age of the printed matrices,and the interface roughness of the artificial rock substrate on the shear strength of the interface was experimentally *** tests were conducted at the age of the matrices at the 1st,the 4th,the 8th,the 16th,the 32nd,and the 64th min after its final setting.A dimensionless formula was established to calculate the shear strength,accounting for the age of the printed matrices,the interface roughness,and the shear failure *** was validated by comparing the calculated results and the experimental results of one group of samples.

关键词： rock tunnel printed concrete interface fast bond shear test shear strength

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phage lytic proteins: a natural approach to agro-food safety

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Seila Agún lucía Fernández Ana Rodríguez pilar García Instituto de productos Lácteos de Asturias (IpLA-cSIc). DairySafe Group.Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del principado de Asturias (ISpA)

Sustainability is a leading trend in the context of food production. Additionally， consumers increasingly demand safer and less-processed products. Among the different technologies used to maintain the quality and extend the shelf-life of fresh and minimally-processed food， natural antimicrobial agents offer a promising strategy to replace conventional compounds. In this regard， phage lytic proteins or lysins， such as endolysins and virion-associated peptidoglycan hydrolases (VApGHs)， have been proposed as a viable option for the avoidance and elimination of undesirable bacteria within the food production chain. Even when applied exogenously， these proteins can degrade the bacterial cell wall maintaining their lytic activity. This feature， alongside their modular structure， which can be exploited for bioengineering， provides significant biotechnological potential. However， despite the promising properties of lysins， the main obstacle for their commercialization is the limited legal information regulating their use. This challenge underscores the need to navigate complex regulatory pathways. The primary objective of this review is to address this crucial gap and summarize the many prospective applications of endolysins during the different stages of food production. By doing so， we aim to provide clarity and insight into the regulatory challenges that must be overcome for the successful utilization of lysins.

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concentric centrifugal Figurate Erythema as an Unusual cOVID-19 Evanescent Skin Manifestation in a patient With cD3^(+)/cD45^(+)Lymphocyte Infiltration:A case Report

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第2期7卷 115-118页

作者： lucía Achell Achell-Nava José Luis Zaldivar-Fujigaki Rebeca pérez-cabeza de Vaca Ana Maria Espinosa García Luis Montiel López Dermatology Department National Medical Center 20 de NoviembreISSSTEMexico City 03229Mexico Biomedical Research Department National Medical Center 20 de NoviembreISSSTEMexico City 03100Mexico clinical pharmacology Division General Hospital of MexicoMexico City 06720Mexico Internal Medicine Department National Medical Center 20 de NoviembreISSSTEMexico City 03100Mexico

Introduction:coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19)may be associated with various skin *** them,figurate erythema(FE)is rare;only a few clinical reports have been ***,we reported an unusual concentric FE lesions and their immunohistochemical profile in a patient with *** presentation:A 52-year-old woman was diagnosed with *** month later,she developed asymptomatic annular erythematous concentric ring lesions on her inner right *** margin of every ring increased in coloration,and the lesions then completely resolved in 2 weeks.A biopsy revealed vasculitis of small vessels,an increase in the fluorescence intensity of cD3 and cD45,and negativity for cOVID-19 ***:The results showed an unusual FE that has a clinical mixed type between erythema annulare centrifugum and erythema gyratum repens;the physiopathological mechanism in the FE due to cOVID-19 is unknown;one theory involves rapid viral passage into the cutaneous vascular system that triggers an immune and inflammatory *** the results exhibited a negative cOVID-19 RNA in the tissue,the cD3^(+)/cD45^(+)lymphocyte infiltration could explain the clinical pattern as a direct inflammatory response in the small vessel or as a delayed immune ***:Our findings suggest an immunohistochemical small vessel vasculitis pattern with an unusual clinical FE that differs from other types of cOVID-19-associated FE or erythema reported previously.

关键词： erythema cOVID-19 leukocytoclastic vasculitis skin manifestation cD3 complex cD45 antigen

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plant cell wall-mediated disease resistance:current understanding and future perspectives

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Molecular plant 2024年第5期17卷 699-724页

作者： Antonio Molina lucıa Jorda Miguel Angel Torres Marina Martın-Dacal Diego Jose Berlanga patricia Fernandez-calvo Elena Gomez-Rubio Sonsoles Martın-Santamarıa centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de plantas Universidad Politécnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA/CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcon(Madrid)Spain Departamento de Biotecnologıa-Biología Vegetal Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierıa AgronomicaAlimentarıa y de BiosistemasUPMMadridSpain centro de Investigaciones Biologicas Margarita Salas Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)Ramiro de Maeztu 928040 MadridSpain Misión Biológica de Galicia Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcón(Madrid)Spain

Beyond their function as structural barriers,plant cell walls are essential elements for the adaptation of plants to environmental *** walls are dynamic structures whose composition and integrity can be altered in response to environmental challenges and developmental *** wall changes are perceived by plant sensors/receptors to trigger adaptative responses during development and upon stress *** cell wall damage caused by pathogen infection,wounding,or other stresses leads to the release of wall molecules,such as carbohydrates(glycans),that function as damage-associated molecular patterns(DAMps).DAMps are perceived by the extracellular ectodomains(EcDs)of pattern recognition receptors(pRRs)to activate pattern-triggered immunity(pTI)and disease ***,glycans released from the walls and extracellular layers of microorganisms interacting with plants are recognized as microbe-associated molecular patterns(MAMps)by specific EcD-pRRs triggering pTI *** number of oligosaccharides DAMps/MAMps identified that are perceived by plants has increased in recent ***,the structural mechanisms underlying glycan recognition by plant pRRs remain ***,this knowledge is mainly focused on receptors of the LysM-pRR family,which are involved in the perception of various molecules,such as chitooligosaccharides from fungi and lipo-chitooligosaccharides(i.e.,Nod/MYc factors from bacteria and mycorrhiza,respectively)that trigger differential physiological ***,additional families of plant pRRs have recently been implicated in oligosaccharide/polysaccharide *** include receptor kinases(RKs)with leucine-rich repeat and Malectin domains in their EcDs(LRR-MAL RKs),catharanthus roseus REcEpTOR-LIKE KINASE 1-LIKE group(crRLK1L)with Malectin-like domains in their EcDs,as well as wall-associated kinases,lectin-RKs,and *** characterization of structural basis of glycans recogniti

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana cell wall damage-associated molecular patterns DAMps disease resistance glycans oligosaccharides pattern-triggered immunity pTl pattern recognition receptor pRRs

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Elevated fluid and glycosaminoglycan content in the Achilles tendon contribute to higher intratendinous pressures:Implications for Achilles tendinopathy

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 863-871页

作者： Lauren pringels Gert-Jan Van Valckenborgh patrick Segers Amelie chevalier Hedwig Stepman Evi Wezenbeek Arne Burssens luc Vanden Bossche Department of physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Ghent University HospitalGhent 9000Belgium Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and physiotherapy Ghent UniversityGhent 9000Belgium Department of Electronics and Information Systems Ghent UniversityGhent 9000Belgium Department of Electromechanics University of AntwerpAntwerp 2020Belgium Department of Laboratory Medicine Ghent University HospitalGhent 9000Belgium Department of Orthopedic Surgery Ghent University HospitalGhent 9000Belgium

Achilles tendon;Achilles tendinopathy;Intratendinous pressure;Glycosaminoglycans;Tendon fluid Background:Tendinopathy alters the compositional properties of the Achilles tendon by increasing fluid and glycosaminoglycan *** has been speculated that these changes may affect intratendinous pressure,but the extent of this relationship remains ***,we aimed to investigate the impact of elevated fluid and glycosaminoglycan content on Achilles tendon intratendinous pressure and to determine whether hyaluronidase(HYAL)therapy can intervene in this potential ***:Twenty paired fresh-frozen cadaveric Achilles tendons were mounted in a tensile-testing machine and loaded up to 5%*** resting(at 0%strain)and dynamic pressure(at 5%strain)were assessed using the microcapillary infusion ***,intratendinous pressure was measured under native conditions before and after infusion of 2 mL physiological ***,80 mg of glycosaminoglycans were administered bilaterally to the paired *** right tendons were additionally treated with 1500 units of ***,both groups were retested,and the glycosaminoglycan content was ***:It was found that both elevated fluid and glycosaminoglycan content resulted in higher intratendinous resting and dynamic pressures(pced a 2.3-fold reduction in glycosaminoglycan content(p=0.002)and restored intratendinous ***:The results of this study demonstrated that elevated fluid and glycosaminoglycan content in Achilles tendinopathy contribute to increased intratendinous resting and dynamic pressures,which can be explained by the associated increased volume and reduced permeability of the tendon matrix,*** degrades glycosaminoglycans sufficiently to lower intratendinous pressures and may,therefore,serve as a promising treatment.

关键词： Achilles tendon Achilles tendinopathy Intratendinous pressure Glycosaminoglycans Tendon fluid

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Three-hundred and sixty degrees of surgical approaches to the maxillary sinus

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2022年第1期8卷 42-53页

作者： Natalia c.Rezende carlos D.pinheiro-Neto luc.ano c.p.c.leonel Jamie J.Van Gompel Maria peris-celda Garret choby Division of Rhinology and Skull Base Surgery Department of Otolaryngology-Head&Neck SurgeryMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA Department of Neurologic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA

Objectives:To demonstrate three-hundred and sixty degrees of maxillary sinus(MS)surgical approaches using cadaveric dissections,highlighting the step-by-step anatomy of each ***:Two latex-injected cadaveric specimens were utilized to perform surgical dissections to demonstrate different approaches to the *** procedures were documented with macroscopic images and endoscopic ***:Dissections were performed to approach the MS medially(endoscopic maxillary antrostomy and ethmoidectomy),anteriorly(caldwell-luc),superiorly(transconjunctival/transorbital approach),inferiorly(transpalatal approach),and posterolaterally(preauricular hemicoronal approach).conclusion:A number of approaches have been described to address pathology in the *** should be familiar with indications,limitations,and surgical anatomy from different perspectives to approach the *** paper illustrates anatomic approaches to the MS with detailed step-by-step cadaveric dissections and case examples.

关键词： anatomy caldwell-luc dissection endoscopic sinus surgery infratemporal fossa maxillary sinus pterygopalatine fossa

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Detection of Burned Areas through Spectral Indices Analysis of Sentinel-2A Satellite Images in the Abokouamékro Wildlife Reserve (central, côte D’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 205-222页

作者： Bob Kouakou Kouadio Sié Ouattara Alain clément Jean-Marc Gala Bi Zaouri Jean-luc Kouadio Kouassi Jean-luc Edouard Kouakou N’guessan Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de la communication et de l’Information (LSTcI) Institut National Polytechnique Houphou&#235t Boigny (INP-HB) Yamoussoukro C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratoire des Sciences Agronomiques et Génie Rural Institut National Polytechnique Houphou&#235t Boigny (INPHB) Yamoussoukro C&#244te d’Ivoire Ecole de Géomatique et du Territoire (EGT) Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire LARIS SFR MATHSTIC Université d’Angers Angers France centre Universitaire de Recherche et d’application en Télédétection (cURAT) UFR des Sciences de la Terre et des Ressources Minières Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Botanique UFR Biosciences Université Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

In côte d’Ivoire, the recurring and unregulated use of bushfires, which cause ecological damage, presents a pressing concern for the custodians of protected areas. This study aims to enhance our comprehension of the dynamics of burnt areas within the Abokouamékro Wildlife Reserve (AWR) by employing the analysis of spectral indices derived from satellite imagery. The research methodology began with the calculation of mean indices and their corresponding spectral sub-indices, including NDVI, SAVI, NDWI, NDMI, BAI, NBR, TcW, TcG, and TcB, utilizing data from the Sentinel-2A satellite image dated January 17, 2022. Subsequently, a fuzzy classification model was applied to these various indices and sub-indices, guided by the degree of membership α, with the goal of effectively distinguishing between burned and unburned areas. Following the classification, the accuracies of the classified indices and sub-indices were validated using the coordinates of 100 data points collected within the AWR through GpS technology. The results revealed that the overall accuracy of all indices and sub-indices declines as the degree of membership α decreases from 1 to 0. Among the mean spectral indices, NDVI-mean, SAVI-mean, NDMI-mean exhibited the highest overall accuracies, achieving 97%, 95%, and 90%, respectively. These results closely mirrored those obtained by sub-indices using band 8 (NDVI-B8, SAVI-B8, and NDMI-B8), which yield respective overall accuracies of 93%, 92%, and 89%. At a degree of membership α = 1, the estimated burned areas for the most effective indices encompassed 2144.38 hectares for NDVI-mean, 1932.14 hectares for mean SAVI-mean, and 4947.13 hectares for mean NDMI-mean. A prospective approach involving the amalgamation of these three indices could have the potential to yield improved outcomes. This study could be a substantial contribution to the discrimination of bushfires in côte d’Ivoire.

关键词： Spectral Indices Wildfire Burned Areas Abokouamékro Wildlife Reserve côte D’Ivoire

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Factors Associated with Acute Respiratory Infections in children Aged 0 - 5 Years in the Yénawa District of cotonou (Benin) in 2023

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第2期14卷 331-342页

作者： Virginie Mongbo luc Béhanzin Lamidhi Salami Nicolas Hamondji Amegan Edgard-Marius Ouendo Department of policies and Health Systems Regional Institute of Public Health of Ouidah University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin School of public Health University of Parakou Parakou Benin Doctoral school of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin public Health School University of Montreal Quebec Canada

Introduction: Acute respiratory infections remain one of the main causes of mortality in children aged 0 to 5. This work aimed to study the associated factors with the occurrence of acute respiratory infections in children 0 to 5 years old in Yénawa, cotonou in 2023. Subjects and Method: It was an analytical cross-sectional study of children aged 0 - 5 years and their mothers in Yénawa, selected by four-degree random sampling. The sampling size, calculated using the Schwartz formula, was 126 children and 126 mothers. The dependent variable was the occurrence of acute respiratory infections. The independent variables were classified into four groups: socio-demographic and economic characteristics, behavioral factors, child-related factors, and environmental factors. Data collected by observation and questionnaire survey were analyzed using STATA version 15 software. Associated factors were investigated by bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression, at the 5% significance level. Results: A total of 126 children aged 0 - 5 years and 126 mothers were surveyed, aged 23.5 (11 - 36) months and 30 (18 - 48) years respectively. The prevalence of acute respiratory infections was 74.60% (cI95% = 66.89 to 82.30). The associated factors were the mother’s age between 18 and 28 (OR = 10.77;cI95% = 1.89 to 61.27;p = 0.007), the use of charcoal/wood for cooking (OR = 7.36;Ic = 1.99 to 27.10;p = 0.003)), children's poor personal hygiene (OR = 8.87;Ic = 2.92 to 26.97;p 0.001)), and cohabitation with domestic animals (OR = 7.27;Ic = 1.67 to 31.71;p = 0.015). conclusion: communicating with mothers about the factors identified will help reduce the prevalence of acute respiratory infections in children aged 0 to 5.

关键词： Acute Respiratory Infections children Aged 0 - 5 Associated Factors Yénawa Benin

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