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ECONOMIC APPROACH FOR CONTROL AGRICULTURAL NONPOINT SOURCE POLluTION IN CHINA

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Chinese Geographical Science 2005年第4期15卷 297-302页

作者： WANG Xiao-yan cao Li-ping Key Laboratory of Resources Environment ＆ GIS of Beijing Capital Normal University Beijing 100037 P. R. China College of Resources Environment ＆ Tourism Capital Normal University Beijing 100037 P. R. China

This paper mainly discusses the feasibility to establish economic policy systems for control and management of agricultural nonpoint source pollution in China. The current situation of serious agricultural nonpoint source pollution in China is described firstly. Based on the environmental policy and economics theories, the system of economic policies for control and management of agricultural nonpoint source pollution is designed in this paper. This system includes the policy objective, the designing principle and the methods. The key issues include pollution charge, inputs tax for restriction, subsides for induction and incentive, effluent trading for least cost reduction. The emphases are optimized on inputs tax and agricultural chemical tax permit under complete information, as well as sub-optimized inputs tax under incomplete information, subsides for farm due to positive and negative externality. The functions and suitability of the policies are also analyzed in the paper. According to the field experiment results and other relating economic data in watershed of the Chaohe River, Beijing, some economic approaches to reducing agricultural nonpoint source pollution are proposed. The main idea is to encourage and support the farmers to improve their farming way, and to implement the policy of castigating charge simultaneously. The feasibility of the policies are analyzed with consideration of economy, technology and institution. It is concluded that the economic policies are necessary and feasible.

关键词： agricultural nonpoint source pollution economic approach inputs tax for restriction subsides for induction and incentive Miyun Reservoir

Study on fault induced rock bursts

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Journal of China University of Mining and Technology 2008年第3期18卷 321-326页

作者： LI Zhi-hua DOU Lin-ming lu Cai-ping MU Zong-long cao An-ye School of Mines China University of Mining ＆ Technology Xuzhou Jiangsu 221008 China State Key Laboratory of Coal Resource and Mine Safety China University of Mining ＆ Technology Xuzhou Jiangsu 221008 China

In order to study the rules of rock bursts caused by faults by means of mechanical analysis of a roof rock-mass balanced structure and numerical simulation about fault slip destabilization, the effect of coal mining operation on fault plane stresses and slip displacement were studied. The results indicate that the slip displacement sharply increases due to the decrease of normal stress and the increase of shear stress at the fault plane when the working face advances from the footwall to the fault itself, which may induce a fault rock burst. However, this slip displacement will be very small due to the increase of normal stress and the decrease of shear stress when the working face advances from the hanging wall to the fault itself, which results in a very small risk of a fault rock burst.

关键词： fault slip destabilization rock burst numerical simulation normal stress shear stress

Enhanced Fatigue Property of Welded S355J2W Steel by Forming a Gradient Nanostructured Surface Layer

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2020年第9期33卷 1252-1258页

作者： lu An Yan-Tao Sun Shan-ping lu Zhen-Bo Wang Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

Welded joints are usually characterized by microstructural and compositional inhomogeneities, which may significantly degrade their fatigue properties and result in unpredictable failures. The present work demonstrates a novel and simple method to effectively optimize the microstructure in the surface layer and promote the fatigue properties of welded specimens. By a recently developed approach—surface mechanical rolling treatment(SMRT), a gradient nanostructured surface layer is formed on welded S355 J2 W steel specimens. The mean grain size is refined to nanometer scale, and the hardness is significantly enhanced in the SMRT surface layer. Independent of the initially inhomogeneous microstructure and hardness distributions, the microstructure and hardness distributions in the surface layers are comparable on different zones of a welded specimen after SMRT with the same procedure. Consequently, fatigue property of the SMRT specimens is significantly enhanced relative to that of the as-welded specimens within the high cycle fatigue regime.

关键词： Gradient nanostructured Surface mechanical rolling treatment S355J2W steel Welded Fatigue

Humidity sensor based on BiOBr synthesized under ambient condition

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Journal of Semiconductors 2022年第12期43卷 95-100页

作者： Chaofan cao Guixian Xiao Yao lu Second Affiliated Hospital Shenyang Medical CollegeShenyang 110035China State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy School of Vehicle and MobilityTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Flexible humidity sensors are effective portable devices for human respiratory ***,the current pre-paration of sensitive materials need harsh terms and the small production output limits their ***,we report a syn-thesis method of single-crystal BiOBr nanosheets under room temperature and atmospheric pressure based on a sonochemic-al strategy.A flexible humidity sensor enabled by BiOBr nanosheets deliver efficient sensing performance,a high humidity sensit-ivity(Ig/I0=550%)with relative humidity from 40%to 100%,an excellent selectivity,and a detection response/recovery time of 11 and 6 s,*** flexible humidity sensor shows a potential application value as a wearable monitoring device for res-piratory disease prevention and health monitoring.

关键词： human breathing BiOBr nanosheets sonochemical strategy flexible humidity sensor

Reconstruction of electrical capacitance tomography images based on fast linearized alternating direction method of multipliers for two-phase flow system

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2016年第5期24卷 597-605页

作者： Chongkun Xia Chengli Su Jiangtao cao ping Li School of Information and Control Engineering Liaoning Shihua University

Electrical capacitance tomography(ECT)has been applied to two-phase flow measurement in recent *** reconstruction algorithms play an important role in the successful applications of *** solve the ill-posed and nonlinear inverse problem of ECT image reconstruction,a new ECT image reconstruction method based on fast linearized alternating direction method of multipliers(FLADMM)is proposed in this *** the basis of theoretical analysis of compressed sensing(CS),the data acquisition of ECT is regarded as a linear measurement process of permittivity distribution signal of pipe section.A new measurement matrix is designed and L1 regularization method is used to convert ECT inverse problem to a convex relaxation problem which contains prior knowledge.A new fast alternating direction method of multipliers which contained linearized idea is employed to minimize the objective *** data and experimental results indicate that compared with other methods,the quality and speed of reconstructed images are markedly ***,the dynamic experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm can ful fill the real-time requirement of ECT systems in the application.

关键词： Electrical capacitance tomography Image reconstruction Compressed sensing Alternating direction method of multipliers Two-phase flow

Application of Nanopore Sequencing Technology in the Clinical Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第5期35卷 381-392页

作者： ZHANG lu lu ZHANG Chi PENG Jun ping NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens Institute of Pathogen BiologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100176China Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100176China

Infectious diseases are an enormous public health burden and a growing threat to human health *** or classic recurrent pathogens,or pathogens with resistant traits,challenge our ability to diagnose and control infectious *** sequencing technology has the potential to enhance our ability to diagnose,interrogate,and track infectious diseases due to the unrestricted read length and system *** review focuses on the application of nanopore sequencing technology in the clinical diagnosis of infectious diseases and includes the following:(i)a brief introduction to nanopore sequencing technology and Oxford Nanopore Technologies(ONT)sequencing platforms;(ii)strategies for nanopore-based sequencing technologies;and(iii)applications of nanopore sequencing technology in monitoring emerging pathogenic microorganisms,molecular detection of clinically relevant drug-resistance genes,and characterization of disease-related microbial ***,we discuss the current challenges,potential opportunities,and future outlook for applying nanopore sequencing technology in the diagnosis of infectious diseases.

关键词： Nanopore sequencing Infectious diseases Pathogen Oxford Nanopore Technologies

Electrochemical adsorption and passivation on gold surface in alkaline thiourea solutions

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Rare Metals 2020年第8期39卷 951-958页

作者： Wen-Juan Li He Zhou An-ping Bai Yong-Sheng Song Liu-lu Cai Shui-Lin Zheng Qi-Dong Zhang Song cao School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China GRIMAT Engineering Institute Co. Ltd.(GRIMAT)Beijing 101407China National Engineering Laboratory of Biohydrometallurgy GRINM Resources and Environment Tech.Co.LtdBeijing 101407China Beijing Vocational College of Labour and Social Security Beijing 102200China

An electrochemical method was used to examine Au surface absorption and passivation under the most commonly employed pH conditions in an alkaline Au leaching *** polarization at different pH values was obtained through the current step *** pH 10,no absorption layer was *** the pH was increased to 11,an absorption layer was formed through the Au electrode *** pH 12,the entire system could not be stabilized,even after long durations because of the thiourea oxidation and *** samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),and atomic force microscopy(AFM).AFM observations of the Au plating surface and SEM-EDS analyses for the Au-coated graphite surface indicated that a passivation membrane was formed on the Au surface after its use in the alkaline thiourea Au leaching ***-step leaching was used to confirm the conclusions drawn from the experimental *** twostage experimental results further confirmed the existence of a passivation membrane.

关键词： Alkaline thiourea Gold Electrochemical adsorption Passivation

Engineering classification recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries through pretreatment:a comprehensive review from laboratory to scale-up application

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 915-941页

作者： Shu-Xuan Yan You-Zhou Jiang Xiang-ping Chen lu Yuan Ting-Ting Min Yu cao Wan-Li Peng Tao Zhou Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Public Policy and Management Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China China Nonferrous Metal Industry's Foreign Engineering and Construction Co. LtdBeijing 100029China

The lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)have been widely equipped in electric/hybrid electric vehicles(EVs/HEVs)and the portable electronics due to their excellent electrochemical ***,a large number of retired LIBs that consist of toxic substances(e.g.,heavy metals,electrolytes)and valuable metals(e.g.,Li,Co)will inevitably flow into the waste stream,and their incineration or landfill treatment will cause severe risks to ecosystem and human *** sustainable and efficient treatment or recycling of valuable resources from spent LIBs should be fully recognized for environmental and resource *** one of the most important processes for spent LIBs recycling,the pretreatment is an indispensable step,which is directly related to the subsequent metal extraction and separation *** considerable progresses have been made regarding the pretreatment technologies,there are few summarized reports concerning critical processes of spent LIBs recycling,especially combination of currently available recycling technologies with industrialized applications during ***,comprehensive review of the current prevailing pretreatment technologies in laboratory to existing scale-up applications is quite necessary to reveal cutting-edge development in the field of *** this review,the current pretreatment technologies are systematically categorized and introduced,along with critical *** review focused on the various options for pretreatment processes itself,instead of general spent LIBs recycling technologies without the focused topics that have been sophisticatedly reviewed by previous ***,the deactivation,discharge,dismantling,separation,liberation of active material and electrolyte treatment have been summarized with the in-depth discussion of the technology development and current status of each ***,current states of industrial development are also reviewed and discussed for the development of

关键词： Spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) Recycling Pretreatment Valuable metals Cutting-edge technologies Industrialized application

Regulated polarization degree of upconversion luminescence and multiple anti-counterfeit applications

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2172-2183页

作者： Dong-ping Wen ping Chen Yi Liang Xiao-Ming Mo cao-Feng Pan Center On Nanoenergy Research Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic AstrophysicsSchool of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Key Laboratory of Micronano Energy and Sensor CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100140China

Polarization upconversion luminescence(PUCL)of lanthanide ions(Ln^(3+))has been widely used in single particle tracking,microfluidics detection,three-dimensional displays,and so ***,no effective strategy has been developed for modulating *** we report a strategy to regulate PUCL in Ho^(3+)-doped NaYF4single nanorods based on the number of upconversion *** constructing a multiphoton upconversion system for Ho^(3+),we regulate the degree of polarization(DOP)of PUCL from 0.590 for two-photon luminescence to 0.929 for three-photon upconversion luminescence(UCL).Furthermore,our strategy is verified from cross-relaxation between Ho^(3+)and Yb^(3+),excitation wavelength,excitation power density,and local site *** this regulation strategy of PUCL has also been achieved in Tm^(3+),with the DOP ranging from 0.233 for two-photon luminescence to 0.925 for four-photon UCL Besides,multi-dimensional anti-counterfeiting display has been explored with *** work provides an effective strategy for regulating PUCL and also provides more opportunities for the development of polarization display optical encoding,anti-counterfeiting,and integrated optical devices.

关键词： Polarization upconversion luminescence Degree of polarization Population density of excited state Number of upconversion photons Polarization anti-counterfeitingdisplay