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Tolerance to Zn deficiency and P-Zn interaction in wheat seedlings cultured in chelator-buffered solutions

Journal of Arid Land 2011年第3期3卷 206-213页

作者： WenXuan MAI XiaoHong TIAN Willam Jeffery gale XiWen YANG XinChun lu College of Resources and Environment Northwest A＆F University Yangling 712100 China Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

Zinc deficiency is a common constraint for wheat production in the regions with limited precipitation,particularly in the regions with high levels of available phosphate （P） in *** experiments were conducted using chelator-buffered nutrient solutions to characterize differences in tolerance to Zn deficiency among three winter wheat （Triticum aestivum L）.genotypes and to investigate the relationship between P and Zn nutrition in wheat *** indices,Zn efficiency,relative shoot-to-root ratio,total Zn uptake in shoot,and shoot dry weight were used to compare the tolerance to Zn deficiency among three wheat *** results indicated that the four indices could be used in breeding selection for Zn uptake-efficient *** genotype H6712 was the most tolerant to Zn deficient,followed by M19,and then ***,H6712 had the highest Zn uptake efficiency among the three *** addition of P to the growth medium increased Zn uptake and translocation from roots to *** Zn content of the wheat plant was 43% higher with 0.6 mmol/L P treatment than that of control with 0 mmol /L P *** Zn translocation ratios from roots to shoots were increased by 16% and 26% with 0.6 mmol/L P treatment and 3 mmol/L P treatment,respectively,compared with 0 mmol/L P *** contrast,high Zn concentrations in the growth medium inhibited P translocation from roots to shoots,but the inhibitive effects were not ***-six percent of P taken up by wheat plants was translocated to the wheat shoots at 0 μmol/L Zn treatment,while the percent was 60% at 3 μmol/L Zn *** result may be due to the fact that the wheat plants need more P than Zn.

关键词： chelator-buffered solution tolerance to Zn deficiency P and Zn interaction

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Emerging complexity and new roles for the RIG-I-like receptors in innate antiviral immunity

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Virologica sinica 2015年第3期30卷 163-173页

作者： John s.Errett Michael gale Jr. Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease Department of Immunology School of Medicine University of Washington

Innate immunity is critical for the control of virus infection and operates to restrict viral susceptibility and direct antiviral immunity for protection from acute or chronic viral-associated diseases including cancer. RIG-I like receptors(RLRs) are cytosolic RNA helicases that function as pathogen recognition receptors to detect RNA pathogen associated molecular patterns(PAMPs) of virus infection. The RLRs include RIG-I, MDA5, and LGP2. They function to recognize and bind to PAMP motifs within viral RNA in a process that directs the RLR to trigger downstream signaling cascades that induce innate immunity that controls viral replication and spread. Products of RLR signaling also serve to modulate the adaptive immune response to infection. Recent studies have additionally connected RLRs to signaling cascades that impart inflammatory and apoptotic responses to virus infection. Viral evasion of RLR signaling supports viral outgrowth and pathogenesis, including the onset of viral-associated cancer.

关键词： RIG-I MDA5 pattern recognition receptor pathogen associated molecular pattern innate immunity virus infection

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A review of energy associated with coal bursts

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International Journal of Mining science and Technology 2018年第5期28卷 755-761页

作者： Winton J.gale sCT Operations Pty Ltd WollongongNSW 2500Australia

A coal burst is defined as a rapid expulsion of coal(and potentially gas) from the boundary of the roadway. Rock and coal fractures together with micro seismic vibration is a common occurrence during mining, however, it is very uncommon for coal and rock to be propelled into the roadway. Irrespective, such occurrences do occur and appear to require significantly more energy than is available from strain energy release during coal cutting. The sources of energy which can contribute to the propulsion of coal from the face or ribs are typically strain energy from the surrounding ground, seismic energy from a rapid rupture of the ground in the vicinity, or rapid expansion of gas from within the burst source area. The aim of this paper is to briefly review the bursts which may be related to strain energy, seismic energy and gas energy.

关键词： Coal burst strain energy Gas energy seismic energy Pillar stability

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Control of the carrier-envelope phases of a synchronously pumped femtosecond optical parametric oscillator and its applications

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Chinese science Bulletin 2008年第5期53卷 642-651页

作者： sUN JingHua Barry J s.gale.Derryck T Reid Ultrafast Optics Group School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS UK Laboratory of Optical Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

The intrinsic synchronization, multi-color outputs and related carrier-envelope phases (CEP) among pulses bring advantages to synchronously pumped femtosecond optical parametric oscillators and the pumping sources for broadband frequency comb generation and ultrashort waveform coherent syn-thesis. In this paper, we discuss our latest research results in this field, which cover the following as-pects: the phase relationship and energy conservation law in an OPO and related experimental verifi-cation; control of the pumping Ti:sapphire femtosecond laser's CEP by self-referencing technology, and its repetition-rate locking by piezoelectric transducer (PZT); CEP locking of the pulses from the OPO by beating the non-phase-matched visible outputs against pump supercontinuum to obtain a driving signal for a fast PZT on the OPO end mirror; the generation of a broadband frequency comb spanning from 400 nm to 2.4 μm with 1.2 kHz bandwidth; and the realization of coherent interference between phase controlled pump pulses and signal second harmonic pulses.

关键词：光学参数振荡器载波包络相同步控制超短光脉冲

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The Global Boundary stratotype section and Point （GssP） for the base of the Cenomanian stage, Mont Risou, Hautes-Alpes, France

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Episodes 2004年第1期27卷 21-32页

作者： W.J.Kennedy A.s.gale.J.A.Lees M.Caron OxfordUniversityMuseumofNaturalHistory ParksRoadOxfordOXI3PWU.K. DepartmentofPalaeontology TheNaturalHistoryMuseumCromwellRoadLondonSW75BPU.K.andSchoolofEarthandEnvironmentalSciencesUniversityofGreenwichChathamMaritimeCampusChathamKentME44AWU.K. ResearchschoolofGeologicalandGeophysicalsciences BirkbeckCollegeandUniversityCollegeLondonGowerStreetLondonWCIE6BTU.K. InstitutdeGeologie UniversitedeFribourgCH-1700FribourgSwitzerland.

Following the unanimous recommendation of the International Commission on stratigraphy, the Global boundary stratotype section and Point (GssP) for the base of the Cenomanian stage is defined at a level 36 metres below the top of the Marnes Bleues Formation, a level that corresponds to the the first appearance of the planktonic foraminiferan Rotalipora globotruncanoides sigal, 1948, on the south side of Mont Risou, east of Rosans, Haute-Alpes, France, where it can be placed in the context of a series of secondary marker levels based on nannofossils, planktonic foraminifera, ammonites,and an ornate δ^13C curve.

关键词：地层学地层分界线层型地质构造

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RFLP Tagging of a Gene Pm12 for Powdery Mildew Resistance in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. )

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science China Chemistry 1994年第5期37卷 531-537页

作者：贾继增 T.E.Miller s.M.Reader M.D.gale Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources CAAS Beijing 100081 PRC Cambridge Laboratory Norwich NR4 7UJUK

A dominant gene, Pml2, conferring the resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis) has been transferred to wheat from Aegilops speltoides. sixteen RFLP probes were used to test Line 31 and its parents, showing that Line 31 is a 6B/6s translocation lines. The linkage analysis by five probes indicates that Pm12 is located on the chromosome 6B/6s, and tightly flanked by an RFLP marker α-Amy-1 (1.1 cM), identified by RFLP and isozyme analysis. This approach is equally applicable to the identification of other transferred alien genes and the segments of alien chromosome introgressed into wheat.

关键词： wheat powdery mildew resistance RFLP linkage.

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New Advances in Biostratigraphy of the Lower/Middle Norian Transition:Conodonts of the Dov?ko section,slovenia

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Journal of Earth science 2021年第3期32卷 677-699页

作者： Viktor Karadi Tea Kolar-Jurkovsek luka gale Bogdan Jurkovsek Department of Palaeontology Eotvos Lorand UniversityBudapest 1117Hungary Geological survey of slovenia Ljubljana 1000Slovenia Department of Geology University of LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia Kamnica 27 1262 Doipri LjubljaniSlovenia

This study presents the results of the conodont biostratigraphy and microfacies analysis carried out on the pelagic limestones of the Upper Triassic Dov?ko section in slovenia,which represents the eastern part of the slovenian *** age of the section ranges from the Lacian 1 to the Alaunian *** Lacian part of the succession is predominantly characterized by the representatives of the genus *** morphologies towards Alaunian faunas first appear in the Lacian 3 and become common during the Lacian-Alaunian *** evolutionary development coincides with a shift in microfacies from a dominantly radiolarian-bearing mudstone-wackestone-packstone to a filament-dominated wackestone-packstone,and the formation of small neptunian dykes,which may reflect environmental perturbations and/or a change in basin *** proliferation of the genera Epigondolella and Mockina is observed in the Alaunian part of the section,though the genus Ancyrogondolella is still present in this *** description of the conodont taxa is provided,and seven new species and two new subspecies are *** new advances will be of great value in further biostratigraphic studies,especially in areas without ammonoid faunas,and in the reconstruction of the paleogeography of the slovenian Basin.

关键词： conodonts microfacies Late Triassic Norian Lacian Alaunian slovenian Basin cherty limestone

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Plant-frugivore interactions in an intact tropical forest in north-east Thailand

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第3期6卷 195-212页

作者： Wangworn sANKAMETHAWEE Andrew J.PIERCE George A.gale Britta Denise HARDEsTY Conservation Ecology Program School of Bioresources and TechnologyKing Mongkut’s University of Technology ThonburiBangkok Thailand Walai Rukhavej Botanical Research Institute Mahasarakham UniversityMahasarakhamThailand CsIRO Ecosystem sciences AthertonQueenslandAustralia

Fleshy-fruited plants in tropical forests largely rely on vertebrate frugivores to disperse their *** this plant-animal interaction is typically considered a diffuse mutualism,it is fundamental as it provides the template on which tropical forest communities are *** applied a mutualistic network approach to investigate the relationship between small-fruited fleshy plant species and the fruit-eating bird community in an intact evergreen forest in north-east Thailand.A minimum of 53 bird species consumed fruits of 136 plant ***-avian frugivore networks were highly asymmetrical,with observed networks filling 30%of all potential *** some of the missing links in the present study might be due to undersampling,forbidden links can be attributed to size constraints,accessibility and phenological uncoupling,and although the majority of missing links were unknown(58.2%),many were probably due to a given bird species being either rare or only a very occasional fruit *** most common frugivores were bulbuls,barbets and fairy-bluebirds,which were responsible for the majority of fruit removal from small fleshy fruited species in our *** birds seemed to be a minor component of the plant-frugivore networks,accounting for only 3%of feeding visits to fruiting trees;they filled 2%of the overall potential *** majority of interactions were generalized unspecific;however,saurauia roxburghii *** to be dependent on flowerpeckers for dispersal,while Thick-billed Pigeons were only seen to eat figs.

关键词： avian frugivore nestedness plant-frugivore networks seed dispersal tropical forest

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Process and Mechanism for the Development of Physical Crusts in Three Typical Chinese soils

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Pedosphere 2013年第3期23卷 321-332页

作者： BU Chong-Feng W.J.gale CAI Qiang-Guo WU shu-Fang Institute of soil and Water Conservation Northwest A&F University Institute of soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources College of Resources and Environment Northwest A&F University Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering Northwest A&F University

To compare the development of physical crusts in three typical cultivated soils of China, a black soil （luvic Phaeozem）, a loess soil （Haplic luvisol）, and a purple soil （Calcaric Regosol） were packed in splash plates with covered and uncovered treatments, and exposed to simulated rainfall. Meshes covered above the surfaces of half of soil samples to simulate the effects of crop residue on crusting. The results indicated a progressive breakdown of aggregates on the soil surface as rainfall continued. The bulk density and shear strength on the surface of the three soil types increased logarithmically as rainfall duration increased. During the first 30 min of simulated rainfall, the purple soil developed a 7-8 mm thick crust and the loess soil developed a 3-4 mm thick crust. The black soil developed a distinguishable, but still unstable, crust after 80 rain of simulated rainfall. soil organic matter （sOM） content, the mean weight diameter （MWD） of soil aggregates, and soil clay content were negatively correlated with the rate of crust formation, whereas the percentage of aggregate dispersion （PAD）, the exchangeable sodium percentage （EsP）, and the silt and sand contents were positively correlated with crusting. Mechanical breakdown caused by raindrop impact was the primary mechanism of crust formation in the black soil with more stable aggregates （MWD 25.0 mm, PAD 3.1%） and higher sOM content （42.6 g kg-1）. slaking and mechanical eluviation were the primary mechanisms of crust formation in the purple soil with low clay content （103 g kg-1）, cation exchange capacity （CEC, 228 mmol kg-1）, EsP （0.60%）, and sOM （17.2 g kg-1）. Mechanical breakdown and slaking were the most important in the loess soil with low CEC （80.6 mmol kg-1）, EsP （1.29%）, sOM （9.82 g kg-1）, and high PAD （71.7%） and MWD （4.6 mm）. simulated residue cover reduced crust formation in black and loess soils, but increased crust formation in purple soil.

关键词： aggregate bulk density shear strength simulated rainfall soil properties

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Development of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area and the influence of estrogen-like compounds

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第29期8卷 2763-2774页

作者： Zhen He sherry Ann Ferguson Li Cui Lazar John Greenfield Merle gale Paule Division of Neurotoxicology National Center for Toxicological ResearchFood and Drug Administration Department of Neurology University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

One of the well-defined sexually dimorphic structures in the brain is the sexually dimorphic nucleus, a cluster of cells located in the preoptic area of the hypothalamus. The rodent sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area can be delineated histologically using conventional Nissl staining or immunohistochemically using calbindin D28K immunoreactivity. There is increasing use of the cal- bindin D28K-delineated neural cluster to define the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area in rodents. several mechanisms are proposed to underlie the processes that contribute to the sexual dimorphism （size difference） of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area. Recent evidence indicates that stem cell activity, including proliferation and migration presumably from the 3^rd ventricle stem cell niche, may play a critical role in the postnatal development of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area and its distinguishing sexually dimorphic feature： a signifi-cantly larger volume in males. sex hormones and estrogen-like compounds can affect the size of the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area. Despite considerable research, it remains un-clear whether estrogen-like compounds and/or sex hormones increase size of the sexually dimor-phic nucleus of the preoptic area via an increase in stem cell activity originating from the 3^rd ventricle stern cell niche.

关键词： neural regeneration review sexual orientation sexual behavior calbindin D28K estrogen-likecompound bisphenol A neural stem cells grants-supported paper neuroregeneration

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