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Evaluating and quantifying the effect of various spruce budworm intervention strategies on forest carbon dynamics in Atlantic Canada

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第4期9卷 547-557页

作者： Zelin Liu Changhui Peng David AMacLean louis De Grandpre Jean-Noel Candau Daniel Kneeshaw School of Geographic Sciences Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha410081China Department of Biological Sciences University of Qu�ebec at MontrealMontrealQC H3C 3P8Canada Faculty of Forestry and Environmental Management University of New BrunswickFrederictonNB E3B 5A3Canada Laurentian Forestry Centre Canadian Forest ServiceNatural Resources CanadaQC G1V 4C7Canada Great Lake Forestry Centre Canadian Forest ServiceNatural Resources CanadaON P6A 2E5Canada

Spruce budworm (SBW) outbreaks are one of the most devastating natural disturbances in spruce-balsam fir forests of eastern North America. Both early intervention strategy (EIS) and foliage protection strategy (FP) are being tested to limit forest losses, but the quantitative impact on forest carbon (C) dynamics is still unclear. In this study, we designed 19 separate scenarios of no intervention or varying success of EIS, FP, and their combination on SBW caused defoliation and mortality. We then used the TrIPLEX-Insect model to quantify their effects on forest C dynamics in the forests of the four provinces of Atlantic Canada. A scenario applying FP to 10%of the area with the greatest potential C losses of living biomass, protecting foliage in 10%of the forests is more realistic than higher proportion of FP given the high cost and large areas involved, resulted in reducing average cumulative net ecosystem productivity (NEP) from 2020 to 2039 by 56%–127%compared to a no outbreak *** results showed that FP would have to be applied everywhere to reduce tree mortality and increase NEP more than 8 years of successful EIS applied. However, if EIS can be successfully implemented for 12 years, it will maintain more forest C than FP applied everywhere during a moderate outbreak. We also found that the combination of EIS followed by FP in 10%of the areas disturbed by the SBW could maintain average cumulative NEP at similar levels to no defoliation in every province of Atlantic Canada. Black/red spruce forests younger than 60years old underwent the smallest changes in C dynamics whether using EIS, FP, or both. This highlights the importance of forest species, forest age, and their interactions on the effectiveness of a treatment during SBW outbreak. Overall, 31%–76%of the study area in Atlantic Canada could convert from a C sink to a source by 2039,if no protective measures are used under the worst-case scenarios, thus contributing to future climate warming.

关键词： Annual defoliation Natural disturbance Forest protection Net ecosystem productivity TrIPLEX-Insect Conifers

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Prediabetes in children and adolescents:An updated review

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2023年第5期12卷 263-272页

作者： Hak Yung Ng louis Tsz Wang Chan Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Tseung Kwan O HospitalHong KongChina

Prediabetes,the precursor of type 2 diabetes mellitus,is an intermediate stage between normal glucose homeostasis and overt *** asymptomatic metabolic state is increasingly prevalent in pediatric population and is very difficult to detect without appropriate *** have shown that a certain proportion of children with prediabetes will develop diabetes in a few *** more alarming is the evidence that youth-onset diabetes has a more aggressive clinical course with progressive beta-cell decline and accelerated endorgan *** its importance,several aspects involving prediabetes in childhood are disputed or *** review presents the latest insights into this challenging entity and outlines a simplified screening approach to aid clinical *** summary,childhood prediabetes is an important clinical condition indicating the need for proper screening and timely intervention.

关键词： Prediabetes Screening Diagnosis Management Obesity Type 2 diabetes mellitus Children

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Absence of complementary sex determination in two Leptopilina species(Figitidae,Hymenoptera)and a reconsideration of its incompatibility with endosymbiont-induced thelytoky

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Insect Science 2022年第3期29卷 900-914页

作者： Fangying Chen Martijn Schenkel Elzemiek Geuverink louis van de Zande Leo W.Beukeboom Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences University of GroningenP.O.Box 11103 Groningen9700 CCthe Netherlands

Complementary sex determination(CSD)is a widespread sex determination mechanism in haplodiploid *** CSD,sex is determined by the allelic state of one or multiple CSD *** at one or more loci leads to female development,whereas hemizygosity of haploid eggs and homozygosity of diploid eggs results in male ***(arrhenotokous)reproduction normally yields haploid male and diploid female *** asexual reproduction(thelytoky),diploidized unfertilized eggs develop into *** is often induced by bacterial endosymbionts that achieve egg diploidization by gamete *** gamete duplication leads to complete homozygosity,endosymbiont-induced thelytokous reproduction is presumed to be incompatible with CSD,which relies on heterozygosity for female ***,we excluded CSD in four Asobara(Braconidae)species and proposed a two-step mechanism for Wolbachia-induced thelytoky in Asobara ***,we conclusively reject CSD in two cynipid wasp species,Leptopilina heterotoma and Leptopilina *** further show that thelytoky in *** depends on Wolbachia titer but that diploidization and feminization steps cannot be separated,unlike in *** discuss what these results reveal about the sex determination mechanism of *** and the presumed incompatibility between CSD and endosymbiont-induced thelytoky in the Hymenoptera.

关键词： arrhenotoky haplodiploidy inbreeding sex determination thelytoky Wolbachia bacteria

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Comment on “Locating the source field lines of Jovian decametric radio emissions” by YuMing Wang et al.

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2022年第1期6卷 10-12页

作者： Laurent Lamy Baptiste Cecconi Stéphane Aicardi C.K.louis LESIA Observatoire de ParisUniversitéPSLCNRSSorbonne UniversitéUniversitéde Paris5 place Jules Janssen92195 MeudonFrance Station de radioastronomie de Nançay Observatoire de ParisUniversitéPSLCNRSUniv.Orléans18330 NançayFrance LAM PythéasAix Marseille UniversitéCNRSCNES38 Rue Frédéric Joliot Curie13013 MarseilleFrance DIO UMS2201 CNRSObservatoire de ParisUniversitéPSL61 avenue de l’Observatoire75014ParisFrance School of Cosmic Physics DIAS Dunsink ObservatoryDublin Institute for Advanced StudiesDublinIreland

In this comment on the article“Locating the source field lines of Jovian decametric radio emissions”by Wang YM et al.,2020,we discuss the assumptions used by the authors to compute the beaming angle of Jupiter’s decametric emissions induced by the moon *** method,relying on multi-point radio observations,was applied to a single event observed on 14th March 2014 by Wind and both STErEO A/B spacecraft from~5 to~16 *** have erroneously identified the emission as a northern(Io-B type)instead of a southern one(Io-D type).We encourage the authors to update their results with the correct hemisphere of origin and to test their method on a larger sample of Jupiter-Io emissions.

关键词： planetary magnetosphere Jupiter auroral radio emissions planet-moon interaction

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responses of ramie(Boehmeria nivea L.)to increasing rare earth element(rEE)concentrations in a hydroponic system

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Journal of rare Earths 2022年第5期40卷 840-846,I0006页

作者： Chang Liu Wenshen Liu Hermine Huot Yiming Yang Meina Guo Jean louis Morel Yetao Tang rongliang Qiu School of Environmental Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Laboratoire Sols et Environnement INRAE-Universitéde Lorraine54505Vandceuvre-les-NancyFrance Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and remediation Technology Guangzhou 510275China Guangdong Provincial Engineering research Center for Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil remediation Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

A number of studies have focused on the effects of rare earth elements(rEEs) on crop plants,while little attention has been paid on how tolerant plant species respond to increasing mixed rEE *** this study,ramie(Boehmeria nivea L.) was exposed to a series of rEE concentrations prepared with equimolar mixtures of 16 rEEs(i.e.0,1.6,8,16,80,160,400,800 μmol/L) in order to explore rEE accumulation and fractionation characteristics in ramie and the responses of this plant to mixed *** show that ramie root and shoot biomasses are unaffected under lower rEE concentrations(1.6-80 μmol/L),while the growth of ramie and the uptake of nutrients especially Ca and Mn are largely inhibited under higher rEE concentrations(160-800 μmol/L).The P and Mo concentrations in the roots increase with the increasing rEE concentrations in the solution,suggestive of an involvement of P and Mo in dealing with the high concentrations of rEEs in this *** preferential uptake of Ce and heavy rEEs(HrEEs) and the preferential transport of HrEEs within the plant lead to a positive Ce anomaly and a HrEE enrichment in ramie *** study suggests that ramie could be a good candidate for the phyto re mediation of heavily rEE-contaminated soils(e.g.,rEE mine tailings in southern China).Our results also shed light on points of taking into account phytoremediation management strategies of rEEcontaminated soils(e.g.,P and Mo fertilization).

关键词： Phytoremediation ramie rare earth elements Fractionation Molybdenum Phosphorus

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Structure and species composition of tree stands on verges and slopes along a major highway in Hong Kong

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林业研究:英文版 2023年第5期34卷 1347-1358页

作者： louis Shing Him Lee Hao Zhang Kathy Tze Kwun Ng Shun Cheong Lo Alan Siu Lun Yu Faculty of Design and Environment Technological and HigherEducation Institute of Hong KongHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Landscape Division Highways DepartmentHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Greening Landscape and Tree Management SectionDevelopment BureauHong KongPeople’s Republic of China

Arboricultural research focusing on transport land use was lacking in Hong *** highway slopes were registered in the Systematic Identification of Maintenance responsibility of Slopes in the Territory(SIMAr),abbreviated as SIMAr *** aimed to analyze patterns in the structure and species composition of the tree stock along a highway in Hong Kong and examined how a slope registration system could help explain the characteristics of urban *** 53 slopes and 52 verges along San Tin Highway,Hong Kong were randomly *** trees on each slope and verge were collectively sampled as a tree *** variables,namely tree abundance,species richness,maximum tree height,Shannon-Wiener diversity,Simpson's dominance,and Pielou's evenness were measured for each *** addition,a limited visual tree risk assessment was *** 7,209 trees in 23 species were *** richness was low,ranging from one to eight species per *** and non-SIMAr slopes were *** slopes had significantly higher species richness,diversity,evenness but lower dominance,with mean difference of 1.41 species,0.17,0.17 *** slopes were associated with lower tree risk *** training regression models,boosting as an ensemble method arbitrarily raised the explanatory power and the predictive accuracy of some *** height,length,angle and area could be significant predictors of the biodiversity-related *** research can sample more habitat characteristics related to the structure and species composition of slopes and verges which were important components of urban forestry.

关键词： Highway greenery roadside tree management Tree risk assessment Monospecific urban forest Slope geophysical environment Urban forests

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Investigation of Particle Breakdown in the Production of Composite Magnesium Chloride and Zeolite Based Thermochemical Energy Storage Materials

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Energy Engineering 2023年第10期120卷 2193-2209页

作者： louis F.Marie Karina Sałek Tadhg S.O’Donovan HeriotWatt University Institute of MechanicalProcess and Energy EngineeringEdinburghUK

Composite thermochemical energy storage(TCES)represents an exciting field of thermal energy storage which could address the issue of seasonal variance in renewable energy ***,there are open questions about their performance and the root cause of some observed *** researchers have observed the breakdown of particles in their production phase,and in their *** study seeks to investigate the underlying cause of this *** and EDX analysis have been conducted on MgCl2 impregnated 13X zeolite composites of differing diameters,as well as LiX *** was done in order to study the level of impregnation of salt into the zeolite matrix,as well as the effect this impregnation process has on the morphology of the *** was conducted using ImageJ software to study the effect of the impregnation process on the diameter of the *** has been found that a by weight impregnation concentration of magnesium chloride of 11.90%for the LiX zeolite,and 7.59%and 5.26%for the large diameter 13X zeolite and the small diameter 13X zeolite respectively has been *** has been found that the impregnation process significantly affects themorphology of 13X zeolite particles,causing large fissures to form,and eventually resulting in the previously found breakdown of these *** has been verified that a primary factor influencing the breakdown of the 13X zeolite particles is the efflorescence and sub-fluorescence phenomena,which leads to a build-up of crystals in the zeolite *** has also been found that prolonged impregnation times and the use of high concentration salt solutions in the soaking process can induce significant crystal growth which also leads to the breakdown of these *** demonstrate that LiX zeolite is the optimum host matrix choice in these *** results will allow for the design of more resilient composite TCES particles.

关键词： Composites thermochemical energy storage salt-in-porous-matrix zeolites seasonal storage

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Multi-dimensional Simulation of Phase Change by a 0D-2D Model Coupling via Stefan Condition

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2023年第2期5卷 853-884页

作者： Adrien Drouillet romain Le Tellier raphaël Loubère Mathieu Peybernes louis Viot Institut de Mathématiques de Bordeaux Universitéde Bordeaux33405 Talence CedexFrance CEA-DES-IrESNE-DTN CEA Cadarache13108 Saint Paul-lez-DuranceFrance

Considering phase changes associated with a high-temperature molten material cooled down from the outside,this work presents an improvement of the modelling and the numerical simulation of such processes for an application pertaining to the safety of light water nuclear *** a core meltdown accident,the behaviour of the core melt(aka corium)into a steel vessel is of tremendous importance when evaluating the vessel *** correctly the heat fluxes requires the numerical simulation of the interaction between the liquid material and its solid counterpart which forms during the solidification process,but also may melt *** simulate this configuration,encoun-tered in various industrial applications,one considers a bi-phase model constituted by a liquid phase in contact and interaction with its solid *** liquid phase may solidify in presence of low energetic source,while the solid phase may melt due to an intense heat flux from the high-temperature *** the frame of the in-house legacy code,several simplifying assumptions(0D multi-layer discretization,instantaneous heat transfer via a quadratic temperature profile in solids)are made for the modelling of such phase *** the present work,these shortcomings are illustrated and further overcome by solving a 2D heat conduction model in the solid by a mixed raviart-Thomas finite element method coupled to the liquid phase due to heat and mass exchanges through Stefan *** liquid phase is modeled with a 0D multi-layer *** 0D-liquid and 2D-solid mod-els are coupled by a Stefan like phase change interface *** sanity checks are performed to assess the validity of the approach on 1D and 2D academical configurations for which exact or reference solutions are *** more advanced situations(genu-ine multi-dimensional phase changes and an"industrial-like scenario")are simulated to verify the appropriate behavior of the obtained coupled simulation schem

关键词： Simulation of phase change Fusion Solidification 0D multi-layer model 2D heat conduction model Model coupling

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High doses of catecholamines activate glucose transport in human adipocytes independently from adrenoceptor stimulation or vanadium addition

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World Journal of Diabetes 2022年第1期13卷 37-53页

作者： Christian Carpéné Nathalie Boulet Jean-louis Grolleau Nathalie Morin Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires INSERM UMR1297Toulouse 31432France Team Dinamix Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases(I2MC)Paul Sabatier UniversityToulouse 31432France Department of Plastic Surgery CHU RangueilToulouse 31059France Facultéde Pharmacie de Paris Universitéde ParisINSERM UMR-S 11393PHMParis 75006France

BACKGrOUND When combined with vanadium salts,catecholamines strongly activate glucose uptake in rat and mouse *** To test whether catecholamines activate glucose transport in human *** The uptake of 2-deoxyglucose(2-DG)was measured in adipocytes isolated from pieces of abdominal subcutaneous tissue removed from women undergoing reconstructive *** approaches with amine oxidase inhibitors,adrenoreceptor agonists and antioxidants were performed to unravel the mechanisms of action of noradrenaline or adrenaline(also named epinephrine).rESULTS In human adipocytes,45-min incubation with 100μmol/L adrenaline or noradrenaline activated 2-DG uptake up to more than one-third of the maximal response to *** stimulation was not reproduced with millimolar doses of dopamine or serotonin and was not enhanced by addition of vanadate to the incubation *** various natural amines and adrenergic agonists tested,no other molecule was more efficient than adrenaline and noradrenaline in stimulating 2-DG *** effect of the catecholamines was not impaired by pargyline and semicarbazide,contrarily to that of benzylamine or methylamine,which are recognized substrates of semicarbazide-sensitive amine *** peroxide at 1 mmol/L activated hexose uptake but not pyrocatechol or benzoquinone,and only the former was potentiated by *** and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor wortmannin inhibited adrenaline-induced activation of 2-DG *** High doses of catecholamines exert insulin-like actions on glucose transport in human *** submillimolar doses,vanadium did not enhance this catecholamine activation of glucose ***,this dismantles our previous suggestion to combine the metal ion with catecholamines to improve the benefit/risk ratio of vanadium-based antidiabetic approaches.

关键词： Human adipocytes Amine oxidases Insulin Diabetes Vanadium Obesity

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Abnormal ACT in a Patient with Prekallikrein Deficiency Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2024年第5期14卷 145-149页

作者： Maria r. Fuertes Naila Ahmad Orlando Perez-Franco Andrew Oster Marion Svendrowski Pin Yue Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Saint Louis University School of Medicine St. Louis MO USA

Prekallikrein deficiency is a disorder that often remains undiagnosed. Prekallikrein activates factor XII, which initiates the intrinsic coagulation pathway. Prekallikrein deficiency results in prolonged Partial Thromboplastin Time and Activated Clotting Time in absence of anticoagulants or active bleeding. This case report describes the anesthesia management of a patient with Prekallikrein deficiency who underwent cardiac surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass for correction of a congenital cardiac malformation. We highlight the importance of understanding the different tests available for the diagnosis of coagulation factors deficiency during administration of heparin in the setting of cardiovascular procedures under general anesthesia.

关键词： Prekallikrein Deficiency Fletcher Factor Deficiency Cardiopulmonary Bypass Congenital Cardiac Malformation

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