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Direct-fed microbial: Animal nutrition and reproduction responses

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第3期14卷 494-496页

作者： Abdelfattah Z M Salem Nicolas Di lorenzo Member of JIA Editorial Board Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Autonomous University of the State of Mexico North Florida Research and Education Center University of Florida Marianna Guest Editor Dr.

Manipulating the gastrointestinal microbial ecosystem to enhance animal performance and reproductive responses has been one of the main goals of animal science researchers and *** restrictions to the use of antimicrobials as growth promoters led researchers to seek alternative practices that can show promise both from the standpoint of efficacy as well as from the practical and economic *** of the alternatives that surfaced as very promising in the last few decades is the use of direct-fed microbials （DFM） as a means to modulate the effects of the gastrointestinal microbiome on the host immune status, health and productivity.

关键词： microbial nutrition reproduction goals promise ecosystem fermentation anaerobic digestion pleased

Why and When Can Deep-but Not Shallow-networks Avoid the Curse of Dimensionality: A Review

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2017年第5期14卷 503-519页

作者： Tomaso Poggio Hrushikesh Mhaskar lorenzo Rosasco Brando Miranda Qianli Liao Center for Brains Mindsand MachinesMc Govern Institute for Brain ResearchMassachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Mathematics California Institute of Technology Institute of Mathematical Sciences Claremont Graduate University

The paper reviews and extends an emerging body of theoretical results on deep learning including the conditions under which it can be exponentially better than shallow learning. A class of deep convolutional networks represent an important special case of these conditions, though weight sharing is not the main reason for their exponential advantage. Implications of a few key theorems are discussed, together with new results, open problems and conjectures.

关键词： Machine learning neural networks deep and shallow networks convolutional neural networks function approximation deep learning.

Quality of life in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第48期24卷 5446-5453页

作者： lorenzo Ridola Silvia Nardelli Stefania Gioia Oliviero Riggio Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies Sapienza University of Rome Department of Clinical Medicine Sapienza University of Rome

Minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE) represents the mildest type of hepatic encephalopathy(HE). This condition alters the performance of psychometric tests by impairing attention, working memory, psychomotor speed, and visuospatial ability, as well as electrophysiological and other functional brain measures. MHE is a frequent complication of liver disease, affecting up to 80% of tested patients, depending of the diagnostic tools used for the diagnosis. MHE is related to falls, to an impairment in fitness to drive and the development of overt HE, MHE severely affects the lives of patients and caregivers by altering their quality of life(QoL) and their socioeconomic status. MHE is detected in clinically asymptomatic patients through appropriate psychometric tests and neurophysiological methods which highlight neuropsychological alterations such as video-spatial orientation deficits, attention disorders, memory, reaction times, electroencephalogram slowing, prolongation of latency evoked cognitive potentials and reduction in the critical flicker frequency. Several treatments have been proposed for MHE treatment such as non-absorbable disaccharides, poorly absorbable antibiotics such rifaximin, probiotics and branched chain amino acids. However, because of the multiple diagnosis methods, the various endpoints of treatment trials and the variety of agents used in trials, to date the treatment of MHE is not routinely recommended apart from on a case-by-case basis. Aim of this review is analyze the burden of MHE on QoL of patients and provide a brief summary of therapeutic approaches.

关键词： Cirrhosis Minimal hepatic encephalopathy Covert hepatic encephalopathy Health related quality of life

Management of psoriasis patients with hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第28期22卷 6444-6455页

作者： Claudio Bonifati Viviana Lora Dario Graceffa lorenzo Nosotti Center for the Study and Treatment of Psoriasis San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute IRCCS Gastrointestinal and Liver Department National Institute for Health Migration and Poverty

The systemic therapies available for the management of Psoriasis (PsO) patients who cannot be treated with more conservative options, such as topical agents and/or phototherapy, with the exception of acitretin, can worsen or reactivate a chronic infection. Therefore, before administering immunosuppressive therapies with either conventional disease-modifying drugs (cDMARDs) or biological ones (bDMARDs) it is mandatory to screen patients for some infections, including hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). In particular, the patients eligible to receive an immunosuppressive drug must be screened for the following markers: antibody to hepatitis B core, antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBsAg), HBsAg, and antibody to HCV (anti-HCV). In case HBV or HCV infection is diagnosed, a close collaboration with a consultant hepatologist is needed before and during an immunosuppressive therapy. Concerning therapy with immunosuppressive drugs in PsO patients with HBV or HCV infection, data exist mainly for cyclosporine a (CyA) or bDMARDs (etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab, ustekinumab). The natural history of HBV and HCV infection differs significantly as well as the effect of immunosuppression on the aforementioned infectious diseases. As a rule, in the case of active HBV infection, systemic immunosuppressive antipsoriatic therapies must be deferred until the infection is controlled with an adequate antiviral treatment. Inactive carriers need to receive antiviral prophylaxis 2-4 wk before starting immunosuppressive therapy, to be continued after 6-12 mo from its suspension. Due to the risk of HBV reactivation, these patients should be monitored monthly for the first 3 mo and then every 3 mo for HBV DNA load together with transaminases levels. Concerning the patients who are occult HBV carriers, the risk of HBV reactivation is very low. Therefore, these patients generally do not need antiviral prophylaxis and the sera HBsAg and transaminases dosing can be

关键词： Psoriasis Therapy Conventional disease-modifying drugs Biological disease-modifying drugs Hepatitis B virus infection Hepatitis C virus infection

Failed stapled rectal resection in a constipated patient with rectal aganglionosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第15期20卷 4462-4466页

作者： lorenzo C Pescatori Vincenzo Villanacci Mario Pescatori Coloproctology Unit Clinica Parioli00100 RomeItaly Patology Unit Spedali Civili25100 BresciaItaly

A rare case of a severely constipated patient with rectal aganglionosis is herein *** patient,who had no megacolon/megarectum,underwent a STARR,i.e.,stapled transanal rectal resection,for obstructed defecation,but her symptoms were not *** started suffering from severe chronic proctalgia possibly due to peri-retained staples *** transit times were normal and no megarectum/megacolon was found at barium enema.A diverting sigmoidostomy was then carried out,which was complicated by an early parastomal hernia,which affected stoma *** also had a severe diverting proctitis,causing rectal bleeding,and still complained of both proctalgia and tenesmus.A deep rectal biopsy under anesthesia showed no ganglia in the rectum,whereas ganglia were present and normal in the sigmoid at the stoma *** she refused a Duhamel procedure,an intersphincteric rectal resection and a refashioning of the stoma was *** case report shows that a complete assessment of the potential causes of constipation should be carried out prior to any surgical procedure.

关键词： Constipation Rectal agangliosis Obstructed defecation Stapled rectal resection Parastomal hernia

Biosensing with free space whispering gallery mode microlasers

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Photonics Research 2023年第5期11卷 732-741页

作者： ANGELA CAPOCEFALO SILVIA GENTILINI lorenzo BAROLO PAOLA BAIOCCO CLAUDIO CONTI NEDA GHOFRANIHA Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi-CNR UOS UniversitàLa SapienzaI-00185 RomeItaly Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche A.Rossi Fanelli UniversitàLa SapienzaI-00185 RomeItaly Dipartimento di Fisica UniversitàLa SapienzaI-00185 RomeItaly

Highly accurate biosensors for few or single molecule detection play a central role in numerous key fields,such as healthcare and environmental *** the last decade,laser biosensors have been investigated as proofs of concept,and several technologies have been *** here propose a demonstration of polymeric whispering gallery microlasers as biosensors for detecting small amounts of proteins,down to 400 *** have the advantage of working in free space without any need for waveguiding for input excitation or output signal *** photonic microsensors can be easily patterned on microscope slides and operate in air and *** estimate the limit of detection up to 148 nm/RIU for three different protein *** addition,the sensing ability of passive spherical resonators in the presence of dielectric nanoparticles that mimic proteins is described by massive ab initio numerical simulations.

关键词： passive mode excitation

Thermodynamics and dielectric response of BaTiO_(3)by data-driven modeling

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1998-2014页

作者： lorenzo Gigli Max Veit Michele Kotiuga Giovanni Pizzi Nicola Marzari Michele Ceriotti Laboratory of Computational Science and Modeling(COSMO) Institute of MaterialsÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneCH-1015LausanneSwitzerland Theory and Simulation of Materials(THEOS)and National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials(MARVEL) École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneCH-1015LausanneSwitzerland

Modeling ferroelectric materials from first principles is one of the successes of density-functional theory and the driver of much development effort,requiring an accurate description of the electronic processes and the thermodynamic equilibrium that drive the spontaneous symmetry breaking and the emergence of macroscopic *** demonstrate the development and application of an integrated machine learning model that describes on the same footing structural,energetic,and functional properties of barium titanate(BaTiO_(3)),a prototypical *** model uses ab initio calculations as a reference and achieves accurate yet inexpensive predictions of energy and polarization on time and length scales that are not accessible to direct ab initio *** predictions allow us to assess the microscopic mechanism of the ferroelectric *** presence of an order-disorder transition for the Ti off-centered states is the main driver of the ferroelectric transition,even though the coupling between symmetry breaking and cell distortions determines the presence of intermediate,partly-ordered ***,we thoroughly probe the static and dynamical behavior of BaTiO_(3)across its phase diagram without the need to introduce a coarse-grained description of the ferroelectric ***,we apply the polarization model to calculate the dielectric response properties of the material in a full ab initio manner,again reproducing the correct qualitative experimental behavior.

关键词： transition ferroelectric dielectric

Graphene for energy harvesting/storage devices and printed electronics

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Particuology 2012年第1期10卷 1-8页

作者： lorenzo Grande Vishnu Teja Chundi Di Wei Chris Bower Piers Andrew TapaniRyhanen Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge UK Nokia Research Centre 21 I/Thomson Av. Cambridge CB30FA UK

Graphene-based materials are intriguing from the perspective of fundamental science and technol- ogy because they are non-toxic, chemically and thermally tolerant, and mechanically robust. Graphene exhibits superior electrical conductivity, high surface area and a broad electrochemical window that may be particularly advantageous for their applications in energy storage devices. In addition, graphene can be prepared in the form of a colloidal suspension with adjustable solubility and thus is suitable for printing applications and offers both transparency and good conductivity at the same time. In this review, appli- cations of graphene in solar cells, batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells are summarized with the latest developments. Furthermore, graphene as a conductive ink for printed electronics is also discussed.

关键词： GrapheneBatterySupercapacitorFuel cellPhotovoltaicsGraphene inkPrintable electronics

Finding a way to preserve mitochondria: new pathogenic pathways in experimental multiple sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第1期14卷 77-78页

作者： Andrea Mancini lorenzo Gaetani Lucia Gentili Massimiliano Di Filippo Clinica Neurologica Dipartimento di Medicina Università degli Studi di Perugia

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is a chronic disorder affecting central nervous system(CNS)in which inflammatory and neuro-degenerative features coexist since the earlier phases of the disease(Reich et al.,2018).During last years,attention has been directed toward the possible pathogenic pathways linking these two different features characterizing MS,in order to acquire a better understanding of the disease pathogenesis and to design new disease modifying *** available therapies for MS are primarily

关键词：小径病原硬化多重试验性线粒体保存疾病