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Counterfactual analysis of the 2023 Omicron XBB wave in China

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第1期9卷 195-203页

作者： Hengcong Liu Xiangyanyu Xu Xiaowei deng Zexin Hu Ruijia Sun Junyi Zou Jiayi Dong Qianhui Wu Xinhua Chen Lan Yi Jun Cai Juanjuan Zhang marco Ajelli Hongjie Yu School of Public Health Fudan UniversityKey Laboratory of Public Health SafetyMinistry of EducationShanghaiChina Laboratory for Computational Epidemiology and Public Health Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsIndiana University School of Public HealthBloomingtonINUSA

Background:China has experienced a COVID-19 wave caused by Omicron XBB variant starting in April *** aim is to conduct a retrospective analysis exploring the dynamics of the outbreak under counterfactual scenarios that combine the use of vaccines,antiviral drugs,and nonpharmaceutical ***:We developed a mathematical model of XBB transmission in China,which has been calibrated using SARS-CoV-2 positive rates per *** age-specific infection-hospitalization risk,infection-ICU risk,and infection-fatality risk were used to estimate disease burdens,characterized as number of hospital admissions,ICU admissions,and ***:We estimated that in absence of behavioral change,the XBB outbreak in spring 2023 would have resulted in 0.86 billion infections(∼61%of the total population).Our counterfactual analysis shows that the synergetic effect of vaccination(70%vaccination coverage),antiviral treatment(20%receiving antiviral treatment),and moderate nonpharmaceutical interventions(20%isolation and L1 PHSMs)could reduce the number of deaths to levels close to seasonal influenza(1.17 vs.0.65 per 10,000 individuals and 5.85 vs.3.85 per 10,000 individuals aged 60+,respectively).The maximum peak prevalence of hospital and ICU admissions are estimated to be lower than the corresponding capacities(8.6 vs.10.4 per 10,000 individuals and 1.2 vs.2.1 per 10,000 individuals,respectively).Conclusion:Our findings suggest that the capacity of the Chinese healthcare system was adequate to face the Omicron XBB wave in spring 2023 but,at the same time,supports the importance of administering highly effective vaccine with long-lasting immune response,and the use of antiviral treatments.

关键词： wave analysis starting

Groups Whose Proper Subgroups of Infinite Rank Have Polycyclic Conjugacy Classes

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Algebra Colloquium 2015年第2期22卷 181-188页

作者： Francesco de Giovanni marco Trombetti Dipartimento di Matematica e Applicazioni Universita di Napoli Federico II Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo Via Cintia I- 80126 Napoli Italy

A group G is called a PC-group if the factor group G/CG（〈X）^G） is polycyclic for each element x of G. It is proved here that if G is a group of infinite rank whose proper subgroups of infinite rank have the property PC, then G itself is a PC-group, provided that G has an abelian non-trivial homomorphic image. Moreover, under the same assumption, a complete classification of minimal non-PC groups is obtained.

关键词： PC-group minimal non-PC group group of infinite rank

Antimicrobial Activity, Structural, Crystallographic and Thermal Characteristics of Alpha-Titanium Phosphate Promoted by Silver Ions

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2024年第8期15卷 253-269页

作者： Enzo Erbisti Garcia Agnes Maria Cupertino Fernandes Araujo Gerson Alberto Valencia Albitres Daniela de França da Silva Freitas Danielle Mattos Mariano Carlos Magno Fialho Soares Sibele Piedade Cestari marco Antônio Lemos Miguel Luis Claudio Mendes Institute of Macromolecules Professora Eloisa Mano Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Avenida Horacio Macedo 2030 Centro de Tecnologia Bloco J Ilha do Fundo Rio de Janeiro Brazil Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Ges Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Centro de Ciencias da Saude Bloco I Ilha do Fundo Rio de Janeiro Brazil Innovation in Polymer Engineering (PIEP) University of Minho Guimares Portugal

The recent global spread of the pandemic underscores the necessity of seeking new materials effective against microorganisms. Nanotechnology offers avenues for developing multifunctional materials. In this study, alpha-titanium phosphate (α-TiP) nanoparticles were synthesized and treated with silver salt to enhance their antimicrobial properties. The physicochemical characteristics and antimicrobial activity were evaluated. It was revealed by X-ray diffraction analysis that the structural integrity of α-TiP was influenced by ethylenediamine and silver ions. Distinct degradation profiles for each chemical modification were shown by thermogravimetric analysis. Infrared spectroscopy detected shifts and new absorption peaks in the spectra depending on the type of modification. Energy dispersive spectroscopy confirmed the disaggregation of α-TiP galleries following the addition of silver salt, which increased their effectiveness against microorganisms. Notably, only the sample treated with silver ions exhibited antimicrobial action. Antimicrobial activity was tested against the bacteria of medical importance Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Listeria momocytogenes and the yeast Candida albicans. All microorganisms were inhibited by sample containing silver. Minor inhibition was observed against the Gram-positive bacteria L. monocytogenes and Bacillus cereus, while the greatest inhibition occurred against the fungus (yeast) C. albicans. The results revealed a potential application of the nanoparticles for control of microorganisms in public health.

关键词： Titanium Phosphate Silver Nitrate Antimicrobial Action

Retinoscopes:Past and present

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第3期14卷 126-140页

作者： Mutali Musa Ehimare Enaholo Babatunde Ismail Bale Carlo Salati Leopoldo Spadea marco Zeppieri department of Optometry University of BeninBenin 300283Nigeria department of Ophthalmology Africa Eye Laser CentreBenin 300105Nigeria department of Ophthalmology Centre for Sight AfricaNkpor 434101Nigeria department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Eye Clinic Policlinico Umberto I"Sapienza"University of RomeRome 00142Italy

BACKGROUND Retinoscopy is arguably the most important method in the eye clinic for diagnosing and managing refractive *** of retinoscopy include its noninvasive nature,ability to assess patients of all ages,and usefulness in patients with limited cooperation or communication *** To discuss the history of retinoscopes and examine current literature on the *** A search was conducted on the PubMed and with the reference citation analysis(https://***)database using the term"Retinoscopy,"with a range restricted to the last 10 years(2013-2023).The search string algorithm was:"Retinoscopy"(MeSH Terms)OR"Retinoscopy"(All Fields)OR"Retinoscopes"(All Fields)AND[(All Fields)AND 2013:2023(pdat)].RESULTS This systematic review included a total of 286 *** reviewed iterations of the retinoscope into autorefractors,infrared photo retinoscope,television retinoscopy,and the Wifi enabled digital *** The retinoscope has evolved significantly since its discovery,with a significant improvement in its diagnostic *** it has advantages such as non-invasiveness and broad applicability,limitations exist,and the need for skilled interpretation *** ongoing research,including the integration of artificial intelligence,retinoscopy is expected to continue advancing and playing a vital role in eye care.

关键词： Retinoscopy Autorefractor Refractive errors Ophthalmology Optics Artificial intelligence

Identification of druggable host dependency factors shared by multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2024年第3期16卷 9-23页

作者： Ilaria Frasson Linda Diamante Manuela Zangrossi Elena Carbognin Anna Dalla Pietà Alessandro Penna Antonio Rosato Ranieri Verin Filippo Torrigiani Cristiano Salata Marìa Paula Dizanzo Lorenzo Vaccaro Davide Cacchiarelli Sara N.Richter marco Montagner Graziano Martello department of Molecular Medicine University of PaduaPadua 35121Italy department of Biology Armenise/Harvard Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology LaboratoryUniversity of PaduaPadua 35131Italy department of Surgery Oncology and GastroenterologyUniversity of PaduaPadua 35128Italy Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS Padua 35128Italy department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science University of PaduaPadua 35020Italy Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine(TIGEM) Armenise/Harvard Laboratory of Integrative GenomicsPozzuoli 80078Italy department of Translational Medicine University of Naples Federico IINaples 80138Italy School for Advanced Studies Genomics and Experimental Medicine ProgramUniversity of Naples Federico IINaples 80138Italy Microbiology and Virology Unit Padua University HospitalPadua 35128Italy

The high mutation rate of SARS-CoV-2 leads to the emergence of multiple variants,some of which are resistant to vaccines and drugs targeting viral *** host dependency factors,*** proteins required for viral replication,would help prevent the development of ***,it remains unclear whether different SARS-CoV-2 variants induce conserved cellular responses and exploit the same core host *** this end,we compared three variants of concern and found that the host transcriptional response was conserved,differing only in kinetics and *** regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats screening identified host genes required for each variant during *** of the genes were shared by multiple *** validated our hits with small molecules and repurposed the US Food and Drug Administration-approved *** the drugs were highly active against all the tested variants,including new variants that emerged during the study(delta and Omicron).Mechanistically,we identified reactive oxygen species production as a key step in early viral *** such as N-acetyl cysteine(NAC)were effective against all the variants in both human lung cells and a humanized mouse *** study supports the use of available antioxidant drugs,such as NAC,as a general and effective anti-COVID-19 approach.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern host dependency factors antivirals N-acetyl cysteine

Whole-eye transplantation: Current challenges and future perspectives

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第2期14卷 28-39页

作者： Anna Scarabosio Pier Luigi Surico Vlad Tereshenko Rohan Bir Singh Carlo Salati Leopoldo Spadea Glenda Caputo Pier Camillo Parodi Caterina Gagliano Jonathan M Winograd marco Zeppieri department of Plastic Surgery University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy department of Plastic Surgery Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Eye Clinic Policlinico Umberto I"Sapienza"University of RomeRome 00142Italy department of Medicine and Surgery University of Enna"Kore"Enna 94100Italy Eye Clinic Catania University San marco Hospital Viale Carlo Azeglio Ciampi 95121 CataniaItaly

Whole-eye transplantation emerges as a frontier in ophthalmology,promising a transformative approach to irreversible *** advancements,formidable challenges *** of donor eye viability post-enucleation necessitates meticulous surgical techniques to optimize retinal integrity and ganglion cell *** the inhibitory milieu of the central nervous system for successful optic nerve regeneration remains elusive,prompting the exploration of neurotrophic support and immunomodulatory *** tolerance,paramount for graft acceptance,confronts the distinc-tive immunogenicity of ocular tissues,driving research into targeted immunosup-pression *** and legal considerations underscore the necessity for stringent standards and ethical *** collaboration and ongoing research endeavors are imperative to navigate these ***,stem cell therapies,and precision immunomodulation represent promising avenues in this ***,the aim of this review is to critically assess the current landscape of whole-eye transplantation,elucidating the challenges and advancements while delineating future directions for research and clinical *** concerted efforts,whole-eye transplantation stands to revolu-tionize ophthalmic care,offering hope for restored vision and enhanced quality of life for those afflicted with blindness.

关键词： Eye Transplantation Optic nerve Nerve regeneration Immunological tolerance

Primary liver transplantation vs transplant after Kasai portoenterostomy in children with biliary atresia: A retrospective Brazilian single-center cohort

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第1期14卷 112-119页

作者： Melina Utz Melere Valberto Sanha marco Farina Carolina Soares da Silva Luiza Nader Cristine Trein Angelica Maria Lucchese Cristina Ferreira Antonio Nocchi Kalil Flavia Heinz Feier department of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation Santa Casa de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050170Brazil department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90020-090Brazil department of Surgical Oncology Santa Rita Hospital/Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil

BACKGROUND Biliary atresia(BA)is the most common indication for pediatric liver transplantation,although portoenterostomy is usually performed ***,due to the high failure rate of portoenterostomy,liver transplantation has been advocated as the primary procedure for patients with *** is still unclear if a previous portoenterostomy has a negative impact on liver transplantation *** To investigate the effect of prior portoenterostomy in infants un-dergoing liver transplantation for *** This was a retrospective cohort study of 42 pediatric patients with BA who underwent primary liver transplantation from 2013 to 2023 at a single tertiary center in *** with BA were divided into two groups:Those undergoing primary liver transplantation without portoenterostomy and those undergoing liver transplantation with prior *** variables were compared using the Student’s t-test or the Kruskal-Wallis test,and categorical variables were compared using theχ2 or Fisher’s exact test,as *** Cox regression analysis was performed to determine risk factors for portal vein *** and graft survival analyses were conducted with the Kaplan–Meier product-limit estimator,and patient subgroups were compared using the two-sided log-rank *** Forty-two patients were included in the study(25[60%]girls),23 undergoing liver transplantation without prior portoenterostomy,and 19 undergoing liver transplantation with prior *** with prior portoenterostomy were older(12 vs 8 months;P=0.02)at the time of liver transplantation and had lower Pediatric End-Stage Liver Disease scores(13.2 vs 21.4;P=0.01).The majority of the patients(35/42,83%)underwent livingdonor liver *** group of patients without prior portoenterostomy appeared to have a higher incidence of portal vein thrombosis(39 vs 11%),but this result did not reach statistical *** portoenterostomy

关键词： Hepatic portoenterostomy Biliary atresia Liver transplantation Patient outcome assessment Portal vein Survival

development of a Ready-to-Use PSMA-11 Kit Formulation and Biological Evaluation of Binding Affinity

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Advances in Molecular Imaging 2024年第2期13卷 7-22页

作者： Maria Renata Valente Brandão Freire Natália Marchesan Bexiga marco Antonio Stephano João Ezequiel Oliveira Carlos Roberto Jorge Soares Ana Cláudia Camargo Miranda Anna Carolina de Alcântara Barbosa Marycel Figols de Barboza Laura Fernanda Garcia Luiz Felipe S. Teixeira Maria Helena Marumo Bellini Natanael Gomes da Silva Luiza Mascarenhas Balieiro Joel Mendes Elaine Bortoleti de Araújo Centro de Radiofarmcia Instituto de Pesquisas Energticas e Nucleares (IPEN) Cidade Universitria So Paulo Brasil departamento de Tecnologia Farmacutica Faculdade de Cincias Farmacuticas (USP) Cidade Universitria So Paulo Brasil Centro de Biotecnologia Instituto de Pesquisas Energticas e Nucleares (IPEN) Cidade Universitria So Paulo Brasil departamento de Medicina Nuclear do Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein So Paulo/SP Brasil

Introduction: 68Ga-PSMA-11 is considered the gold standard in detection of micro and oligometastases in advanced prostate cancer, being used for therapeutic planning, as well as, potentially, for evaluating response to treatment. The development of ready-to-use lyophilized kit of PSMA-11 adds quality and safety to the routine use of this radiopharmaceutical and represents a pharmacotechnical challenge as it must preserve the integrity and specificity of the ligand. Methods: PSMA-11 kit formulation was proposed, considering radiolabeling parameters and the preservation of the peptide during the lyophilization process, using mannitol as an excipient. Critical temperature characterization studies were carried out using DSC equipment and the freeze-drying process was developed. The direct radiolabeling conditions were evaluated and standardized using 68Ge/68Ga generator eluate from two different manufacturers (ITG and Eckert & Ziegler). The radiochemical purity was evaluated by TLC and HPLC. Biological evaluation was carried out with lyophilized PSMA-11 to demonstrate the integrity of the peptide and preservation of biological activity after the lyophilization process. Results: Based on critical temperature characterization studies, the freeze-drying cycle was designed to reach a freezing temperature of around −40˚C and primary drying at 2˚C. Using 20 mg of mannitol, an intact and elegant lyophilized cake was obtained. PSMA-11 lyophilized kit was directly labeled with 68Ga eluate from 68Ge/68Ga GMP generators (ITG and Eckert & Ziegler) resulting in % RP > 95% at pH 4.0 to 4.5. The results obtained from in vitro and in vivo biological competition studies confirmed the preservation of PSMA-11 affinity for the receptor after lyophilization. Conclusion: A lyophilized formulation (Kit) of PSMA-11 was successfully obtained, which preserved the integrity and biological activity of the peptide and guaranteed radiolabeling efficiency.

关键词： 68Ga-PSMA-11 Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) Ready-to-Use Kit GMP-Grade Generators Metastatic Prostate Cancer PET Imaging

Role of colonoscopy in the diagnostic work-up of bowel endometriosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第16期21卷 4997-5001页

作者： marco Milone Antonio Mollo Mario Musella Paola Maietta loredana Maria Sosa Fernandez Olena Shatalova Alessandro Conforti Gianni Barone Giuseppe de Placido Francesco Milone department of Advanced Biomedical Science University of Naples "Federico II" department of Neuroscience Reproductive Science and OdonstostomatologyUniversity of Naples "Federico II" department of Surgery Fatebenefratelli Hospital

AIM:To evaluate the accuracy of colonoscopy for the prediction of intestinal involvement in deep pelvic ***:This prospective observational study was performed between September 2011 and July *** women with both a clinical and imaging diagnosis of deep pelvic endometriosis were *** study was approved by the local ethics committee and written informed consent was obtained in all *** colonoscopy and laparoscopy were performed by expert surgeons with a high level of expertise with these *** was performed within4 wk of colonoscopic *** hypothetical colonoscopy findings(eccentric wall thickening with or without surface nodularities and polypoid lesions with or without surface nodularities of endometriosis)were compared with laparoscopic and histological *** calculated the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value for the presence of colonoscopic findings of intestinal ***:A total of 174 consecutive women aged between 21-42 years with a diagnosis of deep pelvic endometriosis who underwent colonoscopy andsurgical intervention were included in our *** 76 of the women(43.6%),intestinal endometrial implants were found at surgery and histopathological ***,38 of the 76 lesions(50%)were characterized by the presence of serosal bowel nodules;28 of the 76 lesions(36.8%)reached the muscularis layer;8 of the 76 lesions(10.5%)reached the submucosa;and 2 of the 76 lesions(2.6%)reached the *** findings suggestive of intestinal endometriosis were detected in 7 of the174(4%)*** failed to diagnose intestinal endometriosis in 70 of the 76 women(92.1%).A colonoscopic diagnosis of endometriosis was obtained in all cases of mucosal involvement,in 3of 8 cases(37.5%)of submucosal involvement,in no cases of muscularis layer involvement and in 1 of 38cases(2.6%)of serosa *** sensitivity,s

关键词： Endometriosis Colonoscopy Intestinal Bowel Laparoscopy