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Structure engineering of cathode host materials for li-S batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1370-1389页

作者： Jia-Jun long Hua Yu Wen-Bo liu School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China School of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

Although lithium-sulfur batteries are one of the favorable candidates for next-generation energy storage devices,a few key challenges that have not been addressed have limited its *** challenges include lithium dendrite growth in the anode side,volume change of the active material,poor electrical conductivity,dissolution and migration of poly sulfides,and slow rate of solid-state reactions in the cathode *** the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur batteries is greatly affected by the design of the cathode host material,it has also been widely discussed in addressing the abovementioned *** this paper,three design ideas of cathode host materials in terms of microstructure,crystal structure and electronic structure are introduced and ***,the current progress of these three structural design strategies and their effects on the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur batteries are discussed in ***,future directions in the structural design of cathode materials for lithium-sulfur batteries are discussed and further perspectives are provided.

关键词： lithium-sulfur batteries Structure engineering Cathode Host materials

Seasonal response of nitrogen exchange fluxes to crab disturbance at sediment-water interface in coastal tidal wetlands

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 129-138页

作者： Guo-fen Hua Shang-qing liu Xiang-dong liu Jin-li li Yue Fang Wen-ting Xie Xiang Xu College of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Renewable Energy Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

Coastal wetlands are hotspots for nitrogen(N)cycling,and crab burrowing is known to transform N in intertidal marsh ***,the underlying mechanisms remain *** study conducted field experiments and used indoor control test devices to investigate the seasonal response of nitrogen to crab disturbance at the sediment-water interface in coastal tidal flat *** results showed that crab disturbance exhibited significant seasonality with large seasonal differences in cave density and *** to crab disturbance,nitrogen fuxes at the sediment-water interface were much greater in the box with crabs than in the box without *** summer,NH-N showed a positive flux from the sediment to the overlying water,but NO2-N and NOg-N showed positive fluxes from the sediment to the overlying water only in early *** winter,NH-N showed a positive flux from the sediment to the overlying water,but NO-N and NO,-N both exhibited positive and negative *** results indicated that the presence of crab burrows can cause the aerobic layer to move downward by approximately 8-15 cm in summer and directly promote nitrification at the sediment surface.

关键词： Coastal tidal flat wetland Crab disturbance Nitrogen flux Nitrification Denitrification Sediment-water interface

Atomic-scale mechanism of effect of co-separation of elements at interface of ferrite and austenite on Cr-depleted zone of duplex stainless steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第3期31卷 710-718页

作者： Yan-hui Hou Ze-kun Xu Shi-long Zhou Guang-qiang li The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina

Three-dimensional atom-probe tomography and first-principles calculation combined with density functional theory were used to study the effect of the co-segregation of different elements formed during the solidification process of S32205 duplex stainless steel on the Cr-depleted zone at the interface between ferrite and *** was found that the co-segregation of different elements formed during the solidification process of duplex stainless steel can also form Cr-depleted zone at the interface between ferrite and ***,Mo,Si,B,C and P atoms promote co-segregation with Cr atoms,which promotes the formation of Cr-depleted zone at the interface between ferrite and austenite in duplex stainless *** and Si strongly promote the segregation of Cr at the interface between ferrite and austenite,thereby promoting the formation of Cr-depleted zone.B,C and P elements also promote the segregation of Cr element at the interface between ferrite and austenite and the formation of Cr-depleted zone,but their effect is weaker than that of Mo and Si *** conclusions provide a new theoretical basis for improving the intergranular corrosion performance of duplex stainless steel.

关键词： Duplex stainless steel Cr-depleted zone Intergranular corrosion Co-segregation First-principles calculation

Highly Improved Creep Resistance in Polypropylene Through Thermally Reduced Graphene Oxide and Its Creep lifetime Prediction

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第2期42卷 256-266,I0010页

作者： Can-Can Zhang Jun-long Yang Ya-Jiang Huang Guang-Xian li College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of ChinaSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

Polypropylene(PP) exhibits suboptimal creep resistance due to the presence of methyl groups on its main chain, leading to irregular chain segment distribution, diminished inter-chain interaction, and crystallinity. This structural feature causes chain slippage in PP under stress,significantly constraining its service lifetime. In this study, thermally reduced graphene oxide(TrGO) nanosheets were incorporated into the PP matrix, yielding a nanocomposite with exceptional creep resistance performance. Results demonstrated that at a stress of 25 MPa, a 2.0 wt% TrGO content could enhance the creep failure lifetime of PP by 21.5 times compared to neat PP. Rheology, transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) characterization techniques were employed to analyze the mechanism of TrGO's influence on PP's creep behavior. It was observed that when TrGO content exceeded 1.0 wt%, an effective particle network structure formed within the PP matrix. This homogeneously dispersed TrGO-formed particle network structure restricted the migration and rearrangement of PP molecular chains, enabling prolonged stress resistance without structural failure. By combining the time-strain superposition method with the critical failure strain as a criterion, generalized creep compliance curves for PP and its composites were established, facilitating the prediction of material creep failure lifetimes, with a strong agreement between experimental and predicted lifetime values. This research proposes a novel strategy aimed at developing polypropylene materials and products with enhanced long-term stability and durability, thus extending service life, reducing failure risk, and broadening their potential across various application domains.

关键词： Thermally reduced graphene oxide Polypropylene Creep failure and lifetime prediction

High-entropy materials:Excellent energy-storage and conversion materials in the field of electrochemistry

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Particuology 2024年第9期92卷 42-60页

作者： Jincan li Huiyu Duan Qi long Bianjiang Zhang Changyun Chen Huan Pang Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Nanjing School of Environmental ScienceNanjing Xiaozhuang UniversityNanjing211171China School of Chemical Engineering Institute for Innovative Materials and EnergyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009China

High-entropy materials(HEMs),a new type of materials,have attracted significant attention in the field of electrocatalytic reactions,batteries and energy-storage materials over the past few years owing to their unique structure,controllable elementary composition,and adjustable *** excellent characteristics result from four major factors:high entropy,sluggish-diffusion,severe lattice distortion,and cocktail effect,and are used widely in energy-energy *** review aims to summarize the recent progress of HEMs in electrochemical *** begin with the concept,structure,and four core effects of HEMs that provide the basic information on ***,we discuss the major properties of HEMs and analyze the relationship between their structures and ***,we highlight the outstanding performance of HEMs in hydrogen storage,electrode materials of batteries,catalysis,and supercapacitors,and briefly explain the mechanisms of these materials that are crucial in energy storage and *** review will assist in understanding the excellent energy-storage properties,intricacies of the phase structures,elemental interactions,and reaction mechanisms associated with ***,challenges and future development prospects are *** work will provide insight into the factors that are crucial for designing HEMs with energy storage properties.

关键词： High-entropy materials Hydrogen storage Electrode materials of batteries Catalyst Supercapacitor

An Environment‑Tolerant Ion‑Conducting Double‑Network Composite Hydrogel for High‑Performance Flexible Electronic Devices

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第5期16卷 352-369页

作者： Wenchao Zhao Haifeng Zhou Wenkang li Manlin Chen Min Zhou long Zhao State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China

High-performance ion-conducting hydrogels(ICHs)are vital for developing flexible electronic ***,the robustness and ion-conducting behavior of ICHs deteriorate at extreme tempera-tures,hampering their use in soft *** resolve these issues,a method involving freeze–thawing and ionizing radiation technology is reported herein for synthesizing a novel double-network(DN)ICH based on a poly(ionic liquid)/MXene/poly(vinyl alcohol)(PMP DN ICH)*** well-designed ICH exhibits outstanding ionic conductivity(63.89 mS cm^(-1) at 25℃),excellent temperature resistance(-60–80℃),prolonged stability(30 d at ambient temperature),high oxidation resist-ance,remarkable antibacterial activity,decent mechanical performance,and ***,the ICH performs effectively in a flexible wireless strain sensor,thermal sensor,all-solid-state supercapacitor,and single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator,thereby highlighting its viability in constructing soft electronic *** highly integrated gel structure endows these flexible electronic devices with stable,reliable signal output *** particular,the all-solid-state supercapacitor containing the PMP DN ICH electrolyte exhibits a high areal specific capacitance of 253.38 mF cm^(-2)(current density,1 mA cm^(-2))and excellent environmental *** study paves the way for the design and fabrication of high-performance mul-tifunctional/flexible ICHs for wearable sensing,energy-storage,and energy-harvesting applications.

关键词： Ionic liquids Double-network hydrogels Temperature tolerance Multifunctionality Flexible electronic devices

China’s Proactive Fiscal Policy

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China Economist 2024年第1期19卷 58-74页

作者： Xing li Chen long Chinese Academy of Fiscal Sciences BeijingChina

In contrast to the traditional Western approach to macro-fiscal management,China’s proactive fiscal policy is founded on a people-centered development philosophy and,with distinctive Chinese characteristics,is a significant policy innovation of macroeconomic management in the Chinese *** there are notable distinctions between the Western“Keynesian”and the“nonKeynesian”schools of thought,both of these approaches’core policy goals and methodological roots are the same,composing the traditional Western macro-fiscal *** approach faces increasing real ***’s proactive fiscal policy,however,places greater emphasis on future potential growth rates in addition to equilibrium between supply and demand,achieving a fiscal policy transformation with a new *** this paper we argue that with such a new approach,China should reconsider the nature and reasonable level of the fiscal deficit,the function and risk assessment criteria of government debt,the scope and effects of reductions in taxes and fees,its approach and focus of demand management,and the costs and resulting efficiencies of policies in order to develop a new fiscal policy paradigm that is more in line with its stated goals.

关键词： Proactive fiscal policy fiscal approach potential growth rate

An aqueous BiI_(3)-Zn battery with dual mechanisms of Zn^(2+)(de)intercalation and I^(-)/I_(2)redox

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 670-678,I0014页

作者： Qi Deng Fangzhong liu Xiongwei Wu Changzhu li Weibin Zhou Bei long State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Utilization Science for Southern Woody Oil ResourcesHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Oils&Fats Molecular Structure and FunctionHunan Academy of ForestryChangsha 410004HunanChina School of Chemistry Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105HunanChina School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128HunanChina

The development of aqueous battery with dual mechanisms is now arousing more and more *** dual mechanisms of Zn^(2+)(de)intercalation and I^(-)/I_(2)redox bring unexpected ***,differing from previous studies using Zn I_(2)additive,this work designs an aqueous Bi I_(3)-Zn battery with selfsupplied I^(-).Ex situ tests reveal the conversion of Bi I_(3)into Bi(discharge)and Bi OI(charge)at the 1st cycle and the dissolved I^(-)in *** active I^(-)species enhances the specific capacity and discharge medium voltage of electrode as well as improves the generation of Zn dendrite and ***,the porous hard carbon is introduced to enhance the electronic/ionic conductivity and adsorb iodine species,proven by experimental and theoretical ***,the well-designed Bi I_(3)-Zn battery delivers a high reversible capacity of 182 m A h g^(-1)at 0.2 A g^(-1),an excellent rate capability with 88 m A h g^(-1)at 10 A g^(-1),and an impressive cyclability with 63%capacity retention over 20 K cycles at 10 A g^(-1).An excellent electrochemical performance is obtained even at a high mass loading of 6 mg cm^(-2).Moreover,a flexible quasi-solid-state Bi I_(3)-Zn battery exhibits satisfactory battery *** work provides a new idea for designing high-performance aqueous battery with dual mechanisms.

关键词： Aqueous BiI_(3)-Zn battery Dual mechanisms I^(-)-induced uniform zinc deposition Ultralong cyclic life Flexible quasi-solid-state battery

pH Induced Self-assembly of AIE Fluorescent Probe for Tumor Imaging

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第1期42卷 7-13,I0005页

作者： Jing-Yuan Xiang Wen-long Zhang He-Ting li Ya-Ning He Department of Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials(MOE)Tsinghua UniversityBejing 100084China

This work reported an AIE fluorescent probe for tumor imaging based on the p H induced self-assembly strategy. The fluorescent probe was composed of an acid-responsive soluble copolymer PEG-b-PAMA-DMMA with a maleic acid amide group and an anionic soluble aggregation-induced emission fluorogen(AIEgen) TPE-2SO_(3)^(-). The polymer could be transformed into a protonated amine-containing polymer after the hydrolysis of maleic acid amide in acidic tumor microenvironment, which would be further self-assembled with TPE-2SO_(3)^(-)to form aggregated nanoparticles. The transition of TPE-2SO_(3)^(-)from dispersed state to aggregated state led to an obvious increase in fluorescence intensity due to its AIE characteristics.

关键词： p H-responsive Self-assembly Fluorescent probe AIE Tumor imaging