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Lifting the veil on the keratinocyte contribution to cutaneous nociception

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Protein & Cell 2020年第4期11卷 239-250页

作者： Matthieu Talagas Nicolas Lebonvallet Francois berthod Laurent Misery Univ Brest LIEN29200 BrestFrance Laboratoire d'Organogenese Experimentale(LOEX) University of LavalQuebecCanada Department of Dermatology Brest University HospitalBrestFrance Univ Brest BSAM(Institut Brestois de Sante Agro matiere)29200 BrestFrance

Cutaneous nociception is essential to prevent individuals from sustaining *** to the conventional point of view,the responses to noxious stimuli are thought to be exclusively initiated by sensory neurons,whose activity would be at most modulated by *** recent studies have demonstrated that epidermal keratinocytes can also act as primary nociceptive transducers as a supplement to sensory *** enlighten our understanding of cutaneous nociception,this review highlights recent and relevant findings on the cellular and molecular elements that underlie the contribution of epidermal keratinocytes as nociceptive modulators and noxious sensors,both under healthy and pathological conditions.

关键词： keratinocyte nociception skin TRP pain inflammation

Occurrence of D-amino acids in natural products

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2023年第1期13卷 181-205页

作者： Daniel W.Armstrong Alain berthod Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTX 76019USA Institut des Sciences Analytiques CNRSUniversity of Lyon 169100 VilleurbanneFrance

Since the identified standard genetic code contains 61 triplet codons of three bases for the 20 L-proteinogenic amino acids(AAs),no D-AA should be found in natural *** is not what is observed in the living world.D-AAs are found in numerous natural compounds produced by bacteria,algae,fungi,or marine animals,and even vertebrates.A review of the literature indicated the existence of at least 132 peptide natural compounds in which D-AAs are an essential part of their *** compounds are listed,numbered and described *** two biosynthetic routes leading to the presence of D-AA in natural products are:non-ribosomal peptide synthesis(NRPS),and ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide(RiPP)synthesis which are *** methods used to identify the AA chirality within naturally occurring peptides are briefly *** biological activity of an all-L synthetic peptide is most often completely different from that of the D-containing natural *** the selected natural compounds showed that D-Ala,D-Val,D-Leu and D-Ser are the most commonly encountered D-AAs closely followed by the non-proteinogenic D-allo-Thr.D-Lys and D-Met were the least prevalent D-AAs in natu-rally occurring compounds.

关键词： D-amino acid Chirality Biogenesis Natural products

Mass spectrometry detection of basic drugs in fast chiral analyses with vancomycin stationary phases

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第5期8卷 324-332页

作者： Hongyue Guo M.Farooq Wahab Alain berthod Daniel W.Armstrong Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Texas at Arlington Institut des Sciences Analytiques CNRS Université de Lyon 1

Current trends in chiral analysis of pharmaceutical drugs are focused on faster separations and higher separation efficiencies, Core-shell or superficially porous particles （SPP） based chiral stationary phases （CSPs） provide reduced analysis times while maintaining high column efficiencies and sensitivity. In this study, mobile phase conditions suitable for chiral analyses with electrospray ionization LC-MS were systematically investigated using vancomycin as a representative CSP. The performance of a 2.7 μm SPP based vancomycin CSP （SPP-V） 10 cm ×0.21 cm column was compared to that of a corresponding 5 μm fully porous particles based analogue column. The results demonstrated that the SPP-V column provides higher efficiencies, 2-5 time greater sensitivity and shorter analysis time for a set of 22 basic pharma- ceutical drugs. The SPP-V was successfully applied for the analysis of the degradation products of racemic citalopram whose enantiomers could be selectively identified by MS.

关键词： Mass spectrometry detection Chiral separation Basic drugs Beta-blockers Superficially porous particle Fully porous particle Fast separation Vancomycin

Screening primary racemic amines for enantioseparation by derivatized polysaccharide and cyclofructan columns

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2016年第6期6卷 345-355页

作者： Yeeun Lim Zachary S.Breitbach Daniel W.Armstrong Alain berthod Department of Chemistry University of Texas at ArlingtonPlanetarium Place Institut des Sciences Analytiques CNRSUniversité de Lyon

It is a challenge to separate the enantiomers of native chiral amines prone to deleterious silanol interactions. Aset of 39 underivatized chiral primary amines was screened for enantiomeric separation. Seven recentlyintroduced commercial chiral columns were tested. They included six polysaccharide based chiral stationaryphases (CSP) with bonded derivatives, ChiralPak? IA, IB, IC, ID, IE and IF columns and a cyclofructanderivatized CSP, Larihc? CF6-P column. Both the normal phase (NP) mode with heptane/alcohol mobile phasesand the polar organic (PO) mode with acetonitrile/alcohol were evaluated. It was found that the cyclofructanbased CSP demonstrated the highest success rate in separating primary amines in the PO mode with only onechiral amine not resolved. It is shown that, when screening the columns, there is no standard optimal condition;an excellent mobile phase composition for one column may be poorly suited to another one. Althoughbutylamine was a good mobile phase additive for the polysaccharide columns in both PO and NP modes, it wasdetrimental to the enantio-recognition capability of the cyclofructan column. Triethylamine was the appropriatesilanol screening agent for this latter column.

关键词： Chiral primary amines Cyclofructan Bonded polysaccharide Enantiomeric separation

A solid-phase extraction approach for the identification of pharmaceutical–sludge adsorption mechanisms

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2014年第2期4卷 117-124页

作者： Laurence berthod Gary Roberts Graham A.Mills AstraZeneca Brixham Environmental Laboratory Freshwater QuarryBrixhamDevon TQ5 8BAUK School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of PortsmouthPortsmouthHampshirePO1 2DTUK

It is important to understand the adsorption mechanism of chemicals and active pharmaceu-tical ingredients （API） on sewage sludge since wastewater treatment plants are the last barrier before the release of these compounds to the environment. Adsorption models were developed considering mostly hydrophobic API-sludge interaction. They have poor predictive ability, especially with ionisable compounds. This work proposes a solid-phase extraction （SPE） approach to estimate rapidly the API-sludge interaction. Sludge-filled SPE cartridges could not be percolated with API spiked mobile phases so different powders were tested as SPE sludge supports. Polytetrafluoroethylene （PTFE） was selected and tested at different PTFE/sludge ratios under eight different adsorption conditions with three API ionisable compounds. The PTFE/sludge mixtures with 50% or less sludge could be used in SPE mode for API sorption studies with methanol/water liquid phases. The results gave insights into API-sludge interactions. It was found that π-π, hydrogen-bonding and charge-charge interactions were as important as hydrophobicity in the adsorption mechanism of charged APIs on sludge.

关键词： Pharmaceuticals Sewage sludge Adsorption coefficient Binding Solid-phase extraction Polytetrafl uoroethylene

Influence of the M and M’Metals on the Carbides Population in As-Cast M’-based Alloys Designed to be MC-Strengthened

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Journal of Metallic Material Research 2019年第1期2卷 10-18页

作者： Patrice berthod University of Lorraine Institut Jean LamourCampus Artem2 Allée AndréGuinier 54000 NancyFrance

High temperature applications such as turbine blades for aeronautics or molten glass-shaping tools require the use of refractory metallic *** the later ones,cast superalloys based on some transition metals and reinforced by MC carbides stay in good place and their metallurgy merits to be well *** work consists in a general exploration of the as-cast microstructures which can be obtained after solidification and solid state cooling down to ambient temperature for a wide series of alloys for which the base element and the MC-former element both *** fixed contents in chromium and carbon contents,the compositions of a total of nineteen alloys were *** alloys are based on Ni,Co,Fe or Nb and the M content was each time chosen to favor the appearance of TiC,TaC,NbC,HfC or ZrC,as single carbide in a given *** elaboration,metallographic samples were observed by electron microscopy to investigate the obtained *** obtained results show first that the MC carbides were in many cases successfully obtained at the expense of other possible carbides(for all Co-based alloys for example)but there are also several exceptions(notably for some Nibased alloys).Second,the obtained monocarbides have a eutectic origin and they are script-liked *** they are here too some exceptions,as the rare HfC obtained in a Nb-base).In general,the results obtained in this work show that the principle of dendritic matrix combined with MC carbides with a script-like morphology is not necessarily obtained:the nature of the{base element,MC-former element}combination governs the microstructure of the alloy in its as-cast state for these particular compositions in chromium and *** some cases other carbides may appear and the microstructures may be even of another type.

关键词： Cast refractory alloys MC carbides As-cast microstructures Base element monocarbides-former elements

Ba substitution for enhancement of the thermoelectric properties of LaCoO_(3) ceramics(0≤x≤0.75)

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2019年第4期8卷 519-526页

作者： Mohamed Ali BOUSNINA Fabien GIOVANNELLI loic PERRIERE Guillaume GUEGAN Fabian DELORME Université Francois Rabelais de Tours CNRSINSA CVLGREMAN UMR7347IUT de Blois15 rue de la chocolaterieCS2903F-41029 Blois CedexFrance UniversitéParis 13 Sorbonne Paris CiteLaboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des MatériauxCNRSUPR 340799 avenue J.B.ClémentF-93430 VilletaneuseFrance Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est UMR 7182 CNRS-UPEC2-8 Rue Henri Dunant94320 ThiaisFrance ST Microelectronics 16 Rue Pierre et Marie CurieTours 37100France

In the present work, dense perovskite ceramics were successfully prepared from a series of La1-xBaxCoO3 solid solutions in the range of substitution 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.75 using solid state reaction and conventional sintering. Structural properties of La1-xBaxCoO3 were systematically investigated and thermoelectric properties were measured in the temperature range of 330–1000 K. The results show that the thermoelectric properties of Ba-substituted LaCoO3 depend on x. Indeed, at 330 K, electrical conductivity presents an optimum value for x = 0.25 with a value of σmax ≈ 2.2×105 S·m–1 whereas the Seebeck coefficient decreases when x and/or the temperature increases. The Ba-substituted LaCoO3 samples exhibit p-type semiconducting behaviour. The best power factor value found is 3.4×10–4 W·m–1·K–2 at 330 K for x = 0.075, which is 10% higher than the optimum value measured in La1–xSrxCoO3 for x = 0.05. The thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity increase with increasing temperature and Ba concentration. La1-xBaxCoO3 shows a maximum figure of merit(ZT = 0.048) for x = 0.05 at 330 K, 25% higher than the best value in La1–xSrxCoO3 compounds.

关键词： perovskite Ba-substituted LaCoO_(3) oxide thermoelectric p-type semiconductor

As-Cast Microstructures of High Entropy Alloys Designed to Be TaC-Strengthened

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Journal of Metallic Material Research 2022年第2期5卷 1-10页

作者： Patrice berthod Faculty of Sciences and Technologies University of LorraineVandoeuvre-lès-Nancy54500France Institut Jean Lamour CNRSNancy54000France

In this work two new alloys were obtained by extrapolation from a well-known high entropy alloy,the equimolar CoNiFeMnCr *** was done by the addition of carbon and of tantalum,Ta being one of the strongest MC-former *** were produced by conventional casting under inert *** obtained microstructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction,metallography,electron microscopy,and energy dispersion *** hardness was also measured by hardness *** parallel,the original CoNiFeMnCr alloy was also synthesized and characterized for *** reference HEA alloy is single-phased with an austenitic structure,while the two{Ta,C}-added alloys are double-phased,with an austenitic matrix and interdendritic script-like TaC *** matrixes of these HEA/TaC alloy are equivalent to an equimolar CoNiFeMnCr alloy to which 2 wt.%Ta is present in solid *** presence of the TaC carbides caused a significant increase in hardness which suggests that the HEA/TaC alloys may be mechanically stronger than the HEA reference alloy at high temperature.

关键词： HEA alloys TaC carbides As-cast microstructures Hardness

Formal verification of synchronous data-flow program transformations toward certified compilers

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2013年第5期7卷 598-616页

作者： Van Chan NGO Jean-Pierre TALPIN Thierry GAUTIER Paul Le GUERNIC loic BESNARD INRIA Rennes-Bretagne Atlantique Rennes 35042 France IRISA/CNRS Rennes 35042 France

Translation validation was invented in the 90＇s by Pnueli et al. as a technique to formally verify the correctness of code generators. Rather than certifying the code generator or exhaustively qualifying it, translation validators attempt to verify that program transformations preserve semantics. In this work, we adopt this approach to formally verify that the clock semantics and data dependence are preserved during the compilation of the Signal compiler. Translation valida- tion is implemented for every compilation phase from the initial phase until the latest phase where the executable code is generated, by proving the transformation in each phase of the compiler preserves the semantics. We represent the clock semantics, the data dependence of a program and its trans- formed counterpart as first-order formulas which are called clock models and synchronous dependence graphs （SDGs）, respectively. We then introduce clock refinement and depen- dence refinement relations which express the preservations of clock semantics and dependence, as a relation on clock mod- els and SDGs, respectively. Our validator does not require any instrumentation or modification of the compiler, nor any rewriting of the source program.

关键词： formal verification translation validation certi-fied compiler multi-clocked synchronous programs embed-ded systems.