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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 233-244页

作者： Xiang Ren Tan Mary C.Stephenson Sharifah Badriyah Alhadad Kelvin W.Z.loh Tuck wah Soong Jason K.W.Lee Ivan C.C.Low Health and Social Sciences Singapore Institute of TechnologySingapore 138683Singapore Human Potential Translational Research Programme Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117549Singapore Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117593Singapore Heat Resilience and Performance Centre Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117510Singapore N.1 Institute for Health National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise(CREATE) Singapore 138602Singapore

Background:Excessive heat exposure can lead to hyperthermia in humans,which impairs physical performance and disrupts cognitive *** heat is a known physiological stressor,it is unclear how severe heat stress affects brain physiology and ***:Eleven healthy participants were subjected to heat stress from prolonged exercise or warm water immersion until their rectal temperatures(T_(re))attained 39.5℃,inducing exertional or passive hyperthermia,*** a separate trial,blended ice was ingested before and during exercise as a cooling *** were compared to a control condition with seated rest(normothermic).Brain temperature(T_(br)),cerebral perfusion,and task-based brain activity were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging ***:T_(br)in motor cortex was found to be tightly regulated at rest(37.3℃±0.4℃(mean±SD))despite fluctuations in T_(re).With the development of hyperthermia,T_(br)increases and dovetails with the rising T_(re).Bilateral motor cortical activity was suppressed during high-intensity plantarflexion tasks,implying a reduced central motor drive in hyperthermic participants(T_(re)=38.5℃±0.1℃).Global gray matter perfusion and regional perfusion in sensorimotor cortex were reduced with passive *** function was poorer under a passive hyperthermic state,and this could relate to compromised visual processing as indicated by the reduced activation of left lateral-occipital ***,ingestion of blended ice before and during exercise alleviated the rise in both T_(re)and T_(bc)and mitigated heat-related neural ***:Severe heat exposure elevates T_(br),disrupts motor cortical activity and executive function,and this can lead to impairment of physical and cognitive performance.

关键词： Brain functional activity Cognition Heat stress Hyperthermia Motor function

An AI-empowered indoor digital contact tracing system for COVID-19 outbreaks in residential care homes

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第2期9卷 474-482页

作者： Jiahui Meng Justina Yat Wa Liu Lin Yang Man sing Wong Hilda Tsang Boyu Yu Jincheng Yu Freddy Man-Hin Lam Daihai He Lei Yang Yan Li Gilman Kit-Hang Siu Stefanos Tyrovolas Yao Jie Xie David Man David H.K.Shum School of Nursing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Electronic and Information Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Research Centre of Textiles for Future Fashion The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Applied Mathematics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Computing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Health Technology and Informatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Nutrition and Food Studies George Mason UniversityUSA Tung wah College Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Mental Health Research Centre The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

An AI-empowered indoor digital contact-tracing system was developed using a centralized architecture and advanced low-energy Bluetooth technologies for indoor positioning,with careful preservation of privacy and data *** analyzed the contact pattern data from two RCHs and investigated a COVID-19 outbreak in one study *** evaluate the effectiveness of the system in containing outbreaks with minimal contacts under quarantine,a simulation study was conducted to compare the impact of different quarantine strategies on outbreak containment within *** significant difference in contact hours between weekdays and weekends was observed for some pairs of RCH residents and staff during the two-week data collection *** significant difference between secondary cases and uninfected contacts was observed in a COVID-19 outbreak in terms of their demographics and contact *** results based on the collected contact data indicated that a threshold of accumulative contact hours one or two days prior to diagnosis of the index case could dramatically increase the efficiency of outbreak containment within RCHs by targeted isolation of the close *** study demonstrated the feasibility and efficiency of employing an AI-empowered system in indoor digital contact tracing of outbreaks in RCHs in the post-pandemic era.

关键词： COVID-19 Indoor contact tracing Contact pattern Outbreak containment Artificial intelligence

Decomposition and Reformulation of Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction:A Vasodilatory Approach

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2017年第2期9卷 134-146页

作者： Chu Shan Tan Yean Chun loh Yung sing Ch'ng Mariam Ahmad Mohd.Zaini Asmawi Mun Fei Yam Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversiti Sains Malaysia College of Pharmacy Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Objective To decompose and reformulate Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction（BBT） in order to optimize its ratio for vasodilatory *** fingerprints of these six component herbs were also studied via Tri-step FTIR *** The herbal components of BBT were extracted separately with different solvents,such as 95%ethanol,50%ethanol,and distilled *** vasodilatory effect of the extracts was studied using the in vitro pre-contracted aortic ring *** these extracts,the water extracts of Pinellia ternata[PT（W）]and Citri reticulatae[CR（W）],50%ethanol extracts of Castrodia elata[GE（50）]and Clycyrrhiza uralensis[GU（50）],and 95%ethanol extracts of Atractylodes macrocephala[AM（E）],and Poria cocos[PC（E）]were selected for the orthogonal stimulus-response compatibility group study due to their high effectiveness in *** The best combination ratio（G2） was GE（50）,GU（50）,AM（E）,PC（E）,CR（W）,and PT（W） at EC0,EC5,EC5,EC5,EC5,and EC5,with EC50 of（0.06 ± 0.01） mg/*** between the vasodilatory effects of extracts derived from G2 and BBT were also *** the results,the 50%ethanol extract following G2 ratio was found to be most potent extract with the highest vasodilatory effect compared with other extracts derived from G2 or BBT,with EC50 of（0.05 ±0.005） mg/*** The optimum ratio and appropriate extraction method for the new BBT formulae are obtained.G2 is determined as the best formulae with the highest potency in producing the vasodilatory effect on isolated rat aortic *** results obtained suggest that 50%ethanol is found to be the best solvent to extract the vasoactive compounds of G2 in order to exhibit the highest efficacy of vasodilatory effect.

关键词： Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction compatibility group study reformulation traditional Chinese medicine Tri-step FTIR vasodilation assay

Intra-cranial metastasis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor

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Chinese Medical Journal 2011年第21期000卷 3595-3597页

作者： WONG Chun-sing CHU Yiu-ching Department of Diagnostic Radiology Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Radiology Kwong Wah Hospital Hong Kong China

With the evolution of immunochemical staining techniques and better imaging modalities with better image resolution and whole body coverage, gastrointestinal stromal tumor （GIST）, the most common mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract, is often encountered in clinical practice. Metastasis is common with malignant GIST and can be found in up to 50% of patients at presentation. Liver and peritoneum are the two most common sites of metastasis and accounted for 95% of cases. Lymphatics, bone and lung metastasis are rare. Malignant GIST with intracranial metastasis is even rarer, with only a few cases reported in the literature, and most of these had earlier metastasis elsewhere. Radiological features for GISTs are not specific but it does contribute to confirming early and accurate diagnosis of malignant GISTs by judging the tumor size, enhancement pattern and the invasion of adjacent structures. We report a case of a 26-year-old male with metastatic GIST to the liver and subsequently to the brain and skull vault. This is the first case reported in our locality and he is the youngest patient reported with this disease entity. The clinical progress, radiological features and the role of imaging will be discussed further in this paper. The radiological and clinical features of the primary tumor will specifically be addressed. The purpose of this paper is to enrich the current database of this rare disease entity and to alert both radiologists and clinicians about the imaging features of GIST with intracranial metastasis.

关键词： gastrointestinal stromal tumor imatinib intracranial metastasis

Efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine for benign prostatic hyperplasia： systematic review of randomized controlled trials

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第4期15卷 471-482,I0007页

作者： Chun Ho Ma Wai Ling Lin sing Leung Lui Xun-Yuan Cai Vivian Taam Wong Kun-Yuan Cai Eric Zie Zhang-Jin Zhang The University of Hong Kong School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong 852 China The University of Hong Kong Tung Wah Hospital Hong Kong China and 3Hospital Authority Chinese Medicine Section Hong Kong China

Chinese herbal medicine is commonly used as a treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH）, but its efficacy and safety remain to be examined. To compare the efficacy and adverse events of Chinese herbal medicine alone or used adjuvantly with Western medications for BPH. Two independent reviewers searched the major electronic databases for randomized controlled trials comparing Chinese herbal medicine, either in single or adjuvant use with Western medication, with placebo or Western medication. Relevant journals and grey literature were also hand-searched. The outcome measures included changes in urological symptoms, urodynamic measures, prostate volume and adverse events. The frequency of commonly used herbs was also identified. Out of 13 922 identified citations of publications, 31 studies were included. Eleven studies with a Jadad score i〉 3 were selected for meta-analysis. Chinese herbal medicine was superior to Western medication in improving quality of life and reducing prostate volume. The frequency of adverse events in Chinese herbal medicine was similar to that of placebo and less than that of Western medication. The evidence is too weak to support the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine for BPH due to the poor methodological quality and small number of trials included. The commonly used herbs identified here should provide insights for future clinical practice and research. Larger randomized controlled trials of better quality are needed to truly evaluate the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine.

关键词： benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) meta-analysis review traditional Chinese medicine

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右心房异构引起的远期结果及心律失常

中华儿科杂志 2004年第3期42卷 166-171页

作者：张耀辉郑恩华周启东翁德璋唐继星香港大学儿童及青少年科学系葛量洪医院小儿心脏科

目的　回顾性研究右心房异构患儿的远期结果及有症状性心律失常的发生率及其与死亡的关系。方法　回顾 1980年 1月～ 2 0 0 0年 12月收治的 116例右心房异构婴幼儿和儿童的治疗和预后情况。将右心房异构的患儿分为肺静脉正常回流和肺静... 详细信息

目的　回顾性研究右心房异构患儿的远期结果及有症状性心律失常的发生率及其与死亡的关系。方法　回顾 1980年 1月～ 2 0 0 0年 12月收治的 116例右心房异构婴幼儿和儿童的治疗和预后情况。将右心房异构的患儿分为肺静脉正常回流和肺静脉异位回流两组 ,通过比较两组患儿的预后来分析导致预后不良的因素 ,并对其中已经完成或准备接受外科手术治疗的 85例 ,分析其有症状性心律失常的类型、发病时间和发病诱因 ,从而了解有症状性心律失常对患儿的长期预后所造成的影响。结果　 116例中 ,大多数患儿 ( 96 % )的临床症状是紫绀 ,出现临床症状的年龄中位数为 1天(范围 1天～ 3 7岁 )。其中 31例 ( 2 7% )无手术适应证 ,最终死亡。早期肺静脉修复手术的死亡率为2 /8例 ) ,Fontan手术的早期死亡率为 2 6 % ( 5 /19) ,腔肺静脉分流术的早期死亡率为 8% ( 1/13) ,体肺循环动脉分流术的早期死亡率为 2 % ( 1/5 3)。晚期死亡与感染 (n =11)、原因不明的突然死亡 (n =7)和心律失常 (n =1)有关。肺静脉正常回流的患儿 ,其中 1、5、10和 15岁患儿的平均存活率分别为( 81± 5 ) %、( 6 7± 7) %、( 6 0± 8) %和 ( 4 3± 12 ) % ,与非阻塞性肺静脉异位回流患儿的平均存活率相似。

关键词：右心房异构心律失常小儿预后死亡治疗

Histopathological analysis of infiltrating T cell subsets in acute T cell-mediated rejection in the kidney transplant

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World Journal of Transplantation 2017年第4期7卷 222-234页

作者： Francisco Salcido-Ochoa Susan Swee-Shan Hue Siyu Peng Zhaoxiang Fan Reiko Lixiang Li Jabed Iqbal John Carson Allen Jr Alwin Hwai Liang loh Tregs and HLA Research Force and Renal Medicine Department Singapore General Hospital Tregs and HLA Research Force and Department of Pathology National University Hospital Tregs and HLA Research Force and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital Department of Pathology Singapore General Hospital Centre for Quantitative Medicine Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School

AIM To compare the differential immune T cell subset com-position in patients with acute T cell-mediated rejection in the kidney transplant with subset composition in the absence of rejection, and to explore the association of their respective immune profiles with kidney transplant *** A pilot cross-sectional histopathological analysis of the immune infiltrate was performed using immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 14 patients with acute T cellmediated rejection in the kidney transplant and 7 kidney transplant patients with no rejection subjected to biopsy to investigate acute kidney transplant dysfunction. All patients were recruited consecutively from 2012 to 2014 at the singapore General Hospital. Association of the immune infiltrates with kidney transplant outcomes at up to 54 mo of follow up was also explored *** In a comparison to the absence of rejection, acute T cell-mediated rejection in the kidney transplant was characterised by numerical dominance of cytotoxic T lymphocytes over Foxp3^+ regulatory T cells, but did not reach statistical significance owing to the small sample size in our pilot study. There was no obvious difference in absolute numbers of infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes, Foxp3^+ regulatory T cells and Th17 cells between the two patient groups when quantified separately. Our exploratory analysis on associations of T cell subset quantifications with kidney transplant outcomes revealed that the degree of Th17 cell infiltration was significantly associated with shorter time to doubling of creatinine and shorter time to transplant *** Although this was a small pilot study, results support our suspicion that in kidney transplant patients the immune balance in acute T cell-mediated rejection is tilted towards the pro-rejection forces and prompt larger and more sophisticated studies.

关键词： Acute T cell-mediated rejection in the kidney transplant Banff classification Cytotoxic T cell Regulatory T cell Th17 cell

Dynamic phenotypic heterogeneity and the evolution of multiple RNA subtypes in hepatocellular carcinoma:the PLANET study

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National Science Review 2022年第3期9卷 96-109页

作者： Weiwei Zhai Hannah Lai Neslihan Arife Kaya Jianbin Chen Hechuan Yang Bingxin Lu Jia Qi Lim Siming Ma Sin Chi Chew Khi Pin Chua Jacob Josiah Santiago Alvarez Pauline Jieqi Chen Mei Mei Chang Lingyan Wu Brian K.P.Goh Alexander Yaw-Fui Chung Chung Yip Chan Peng Chung Cheow Ser Yee Lee Juinn Huar Kam Alfred Wei-Chieh Kow Iyer Shridhar Ganpathi Rawisak Chanwat Jidapa Thammasiri Boon Koon Yoong Diana Bee-Lan Ong Vanessa H.de Villa Rouchelle D.Dela Cruz Tracy Jiezhen loh Wei Keat Wan Zeng Zeng Anders Jacobsen Skanderup Yin Huei Pang Krishnakumar Madhavan Tony Kiat-Hon Lim Glenn Bonney Wei Qiang Leow Valerie Chew Yock Young Dan Wai Leong Tam Han Chong Toh Roger Sik-Yin Foo Pierce Kah-Hoe Chow Genome Institute of singapore Agency for Science Technology and Research Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University Division of Biosciences Faculty of Life Sciences Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology National Cancer Centre Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant Surgery Singapore General Hospital Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Department of Surgery University Surgical Cluster National University Health System Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery Unit Department of Surgery National Cancer Institute Division of Pathology National Cancer Institute Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Department of Surgery and Center for Liver Disease Management and Transplantation The Medical City 13. Department of Laboratories The Medical City Department of Pathology Singapore General Hospital Institute for Infocomm Research ASTAR Department of Pathology National University Health System Translational Immunology Institute (TII) Sing Health Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Medicine Cluster National University Hospital Department of Biochemistry Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Cancer Science Institute of singapore National University of Singapore Division of Medical Oncology National Cancer Center Singapore Cardiovascular Research Institute National University of Singapore National University Healthcare System singhealth-Duke-NUS Academic Surgery Program Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Agency for Science Technology and Research

Intra-tumor heterogeneity(ITH) is a key challenge in cancer treatment, but previous studies have focused mainly on the genomic alterations without exploring phenotypic(transcriptomic and immune)heterogeneity. Using one of the largest prospective surgical cohorts for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)with multi-region sampling, we sequenced whole genomes and paired transcriptomes from 67 HCC patients(331 samples). We found that while genomic ITH was rather constant across stages, phenotypic ITH had a very different trajectory and quickly diversified in stage Ⅱ patients. Most strikingly, 30% of patients were found to contain more than one transcriptomic subtype within a single tumor. Such phenotypic ITH was found to be much more informative in predicting patient survival than genomic ITH and explains the poor efficacy of single-target systemic therapies in HCC. Taken together, we not only revealed an unprecedentedly dynamic landscape of phenotypic heterogeneity in HCC, but also highlighted the importance of studying phenotypic evolution across cancer types.

关键词： NADH oxidase H2O2 production oxidative phosphorylation