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A micromirror array with annular partitioning for high-speed random-access axial focusing

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 241-255页

作者： Nathan Tessema Ersumo Cem Yalcin Nick Antipa Nicolas pegard Laura waller Daniel Lopez Rikky Muller The University of California Berkeley and University of CaliforniaSan Francisco Graduate Program in BioengineeringBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Electrical Engineering&Computer Sciences University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Applied physical Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27514USA Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San FranciscoCA 94158USA physical Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA

Dynamic axial focusing functionality has recently experienced widespread incorporation in microscopy,augmented/virtual reality(AR/VR),adaptive optics and material ***,the limitations of existing varifocal tools continue to beset the performance capabilities and operating overhead of the optical systems that mobilize such *** varifocal tools that are the least burdensome to operate(*** crystal,elastomeric or optofluidic lenses)suffer from low(≈100 Hz)refresh ***,the fastest devices sacrifice either critical capabilities such as their dwelling capacity(*** gradient lenses or monolithic micromechanical mirrors)or low operating overhead(*** mirrors).Here,we present a general-purpose random-access axial focusing device that bridges these previously conflicting features of high speed,dwelling capacity and lightweight drive by employing lowrigidity micromirrors that exploit the robustness of defocusing phase ***,the device consists of an 8.2mm diameter array of piston-motion and 48-μm-pitch micromirror pixels that provide 2πphase shifting for wavelengths shorter than 1100 nm with 10-90% settling in 64.8μs(i.e.,15.44 kHz refresh rate).The pixels are electrically partitioned into 32 rings for a driving scheme that enables phase-wrapped operation with circular symmetry and requiresper *** experiments demonstrated the array’s wide focusing range with a measured ability to target 29 distinct resolvable depth ***,the features of the proposed array offer the potential for compact,straightforward methods of tackling bottlenecked applications,including high-throughput single-cell targeting in neurobiology and the delivery of dense 3D visual information in AR/VR.

关键词： mirror axial random

Grazing Impacts on the Diversity and Composition of Alpine Rangelands in Northwest Yunnan

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Journal of plant Ecology 2013年第2期6卷 122-130页

作者： Michelle A.Haynes Zhendong Fang Donald M.waller Department of Botany University of Wisconsin-Madison430 Lincoln AvenueMadisonWI 53706USA and U.S.Fish&Wildlife ServiceNational Conservation Training Center698 Conservation WayShepherdstownWVUSA Shangri-La Alpine Botanical Garden P.O.Box 118Xianggelila CountyYunnanChina Department of Botany University of Wisconsin-Madison430 Lincoln AvenueMadisonWI 53706USA

Aims The eastern Himalayan region of southwest China represents the world’s most biodiverse temperate region as well as a cultural hot-spot undergoing rapid cultural and ecological *** area represents the center of origin for many plant groups including horticulturally valuable species of pedicularis,Rhododendron and *** meadows here also provide summer pastures for Tibetan yak herders and the source for important medicinal *** levels for livestock here have quadrupled over the last five decades and shrubs are encroaching into many historical *** herders voice concerns over both shrub encroachment and shrinking *** this study,we sought to determine:(i)are alpine rangelands in Deqin County overgrazed and degraded?(ii)What are the local impacts of grazing on plant diversity and community composition?and(iii)which environmental variables covary with these differences in species composition across the grazing gradient?Methods To examine the ecological impacts of grazing in Deqin County,northwest Yunnan and assess its long-term sustainability,we used county records to determine historical population and livestock numbers,confirmed the results of interviews by Haynes(2011)and surveyed plant species richness and cover along a grazing gradient extending away from herder *** these transects,we sampled 1 m2 quadrats at 5 m intervals,noting species present and per-cent cover for vascular plants,grasses,sedges,rushes,moss,lichen,exposed rock,bare ground and *** also measured the average and maximum plant height within each *** then computed species richness for each of the 38 transects,calculating alpha and beta *** used one-way aNoVas to compare mean species richness values and average and maximum plant height across grazing *** chart changes in composition along the 100m gradient,we also plotted the percent cover of graminoid,forb,shrub and bare ground versus distance from the ***

关键词： alpine rangelands biodiversity conservationgrazing Southwest China

Miniscope3D:optimized single-shot miniature 3D fluorescence microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 367-379页

作者： Kyrollos Yanny Nick Antipa William Liberti Sam Dehaeck Kristina Monakhova Fanglin Linda Liu Konlin Shen Ren Ng Laura waller UCB/UCSF Joint Graduate program in Bioengineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Electrical Engineering&Computer Sciences University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA TIps Department Universite libre de Bruxelles(ULB)1050 BrusselsBelgium

Miniature fluorescence microscopes are a standard tool in systems ***,widefield miniature microscopes capture only 2D information,and modifications that enable 3D capabilities increase the size and weight and have poor resolution outside a narrow depth ***,we achieve the 3D capability by replacing the tube lens of a conventional 2D Miniscope with an optimized multifocal phase mask at the objective’s aperture *** the phase mask at the aperture stop significantly reduces the size of the device,and varying the focal lengths enables a uniform resolution across a wide depth *** phase mask encodes the 3D fluorescence intensity into a single 2D measurement,and the 3D volume is recovered by solving a sparsity-constrained inverse *** provide methods for designing and fabricating the phase mask and an efficient forward model that accounts for the fieldvarying aberrations in miniature *** demonstrate a prototype that is 17mm tall and weighs 2.5 grams,achieving 2.76μm lateral,and 15μm axial resolution across most of the 900×700×390μm^(3) volume at 40 volumes per *** performance is validated experimentally on resolution targets,dynamic biological samples,and mouse brain *** with existing miniature single-shot volume-capture implementations,our system is smaller and lighter and achieves a more than 2×better lateral and axial resolution throughout a 10×larger usable depth *** microscope design provides single-shot 3D imaging for applications where a compact platform matters,such as volumetric neural imaging in freely moving animals and 3D motion studies of dynamic samples in incubators and lab-on-a-chip devices.

关键词： enable resolution narrow

proposed age-stratified reference intervals of FSH derived from normozoospermic men

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2021年第4期10卷 162-167页

作者： Emily-Jane waller Jason Conceicao phillip Matson John L Yovich School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupPerthAustralia pIVET Medical Centre LeedervillePerthAustralia School of pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Health SciencesCurtin UniversityBentleyPerthAustralia

Objective:To demonstrate that serum follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)in men rises with age,and to explore FSH reference intervals of age-related ***:Men aged 20-50 years(n=1190)underwent semen analysis according to World Health Organization(2010)*** was frozen prior to measurement of FSH by using the Siemens ADVIA Centaur®Xp immunoassay *** central 95%intervals after logarithmic transformation based on age were derived from 1037 normozoospermic *** were then applied to oligozoospermic and azoospermic *** producing azoospermic semen samples were further classified as having non-obstructive azoospermia by clinical diagnostic criteria,including genetic analysis and surgical ***:Serum FSH in normozoospermic men increased with age(pproportion of oligozoospermic men with normal FSH concentrations was less than the normozoospermic men,which in turn was lower among azoospermic men(both ppermic men were further broken down according to the nature of the azoospermia as either obstructive or non-obstructive azoospermia,and 86.4%(38/44)men with non-obstructive azoospermia had elevated serum FSH concentrations whereas only 6.7%(1/15)men with obstructive azoospermia had high FSH levels,and this was significantly different(ppretation of serum FSH results in men must be made by using age-based reference intervals.

关键词： Male infertility FSH Reference intervals Age Obstructive azoospermia Non-obstructive azoospermia

Increased connectivity of hipSC-derived neural networks in multiphase granular hydrogel scaffolds

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第3期7卷 358-372页

作者： Chia-Chen Hsu Julian H.George Sharlayne waller Cyril Besnard David A Nagel Eric J Hill Michael D.Coleman Alexander M.Korsunsky Zhanfeng Cui Hua Ye Institute of Biomedical Engineering Department of Engineering ScienceUniversity of OxfordOX37DQUK MBLEM Department of Engineering ScienceUniversity of OxfordParks RoadOxfordOX13PJUK School of Biosciences College of Health and Life SciencesAston UniversityBirminghamB47ETUK Translational Medicine Research Group Aston Medical SchoolCollege of Health and Life SciencesAston UniversityBirminghamB47ETUK

To reflect human development,it is critical to create a substrate that can support long-term cell survival,differentiation,and *** are promising materials for 3D ***,a bulk structure consisting of dense polymer networks often leads to suboptimal microenvironments that impedes nutrient exchange and cell-to-cell ***,granular hydrogel-based scaffolds were used to support 3D human induced pluripotent stem cell(hipSC)-derived neural networks.A custom designed 3D printed toolset was developed to extrude hyaluronic acid hydrogel through a porous nylon fabric to generate hydrogel *** and hydrogel granules were combined using a weaker secondary gelation step,forming self-supporting cell laden *** three and seven days,granular scaffolds supported higher cell viability compared to bulk hydrogels,whereas granular scaffolds supported more neurite bearing cells and longer neurite extensions(65.52±11.59μm)after seven days compared to bulk hydrogels(22.90±4.70μm).Long-term(three-month)cultures of clinically relevant hipSC-derived neural cells in granular hydrogels supported well established neuronal and astrocytic colonies and a high level of neurite extension both inside and beyond the *** approach is significant as it provides a simple,rapid and efficient way to achieve a tissue-relevant granular structure within hydrogel cultures.

关键词： Microgel Hydrogel Hyaluronan ipSC Neural tissue engineering 3D printing

壬苯醇醚（Np-9）和烷苯醇醚（741）杀精子活性和急性毒性(LD50)的比较研究

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中华生殖与避孕杂志 1986年第3期 56-55页

作者：陈绮,刁筱辉,waller,D p,Zaneveld L J D,Kaminski J 天津市计划生育研究所天津市计划生育研究所美国伊里诺斯大学药学系美国勒希大学妇产科美国勒希大学妇产科

壬苯醇醚（Np-9）是一种国外常用的阴道用杀精子药物,烷苯醇醚（741）是我国目前正在批量生产,扩大使用的一种阴道用杀精子药物。两者都属于非离子型表面活性剂,它们的杀精子作用机理主要是破损精子的膜结构。为了能较好地评价这两种杀... 详细信息

壬苯醇醚（Np-9）是一种国外常用的阴道用杀精子药物,烷苯醇醚（741）是我国目前正在批量生产,扩大使用的一种阴道用杀精子药物。两者都属于非离子型表面活性剂,它们的杀精子作用机理主要是破损精子的膜结构。为了能较好地评价这两种杀精子药物,我们应用了几种动物的精液和人的精液对这两种药物的杀精子活性作了比较研究。还采用小鼠腹腔注射途径对两种药物进行了急性毒性(LD50)的比较。材料和方法壬苯醇醚（Np-9）:

关键词：精子活动 Np-9 急性毒性壬苯醇醚 LD

Universal basis underlying temperature, pressure and size induced dynamical evolution in metallic glass-forming liquids

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Chinese physics B 2024年第1期33卷 134-142页

作者：张华平范蓓蓓吴佳琦李茂枝 Department of physics Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials&Micro-nano DevicesRenmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China

The dramatic temperature-dependence of liquids dynamics has attracted considerable scientific interests and efforts in the past decades, but the physics of which remains elusive. In addition to temperature, some other parameters, such as pressure, loading and size, can also tune the liquid dynamics and induce glass transition, which makes the situation more complicated. Here, we performed molecular dynamics simulations for Ni_(50)Zr_(50) bulk liquid and nanodroplet to study the dynamics evolution in the complex multivariate phase space, especially along the isotherm with the change of pressure or droplet size. It is found that the short-time Debye–waller factor universally determines the long-time relaxation dynamics no matter how the temperature, pressure or size changes. The basic correlation even holds at the local atomic scale. This finding provides general understanding of the microscopic mechanism of dynamic arrest and dynamic heterogeneity.

关键词： metallic glass-forming liquids structure relaxation dynamical heterogeneity Debye–waller factor

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欧洲呼吸学会和欧洲胸外科医师学会恶性胸膜间皮瘤诊疗指南

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中国肺癌杂志 2010年第10期13卷 999-1021页

作者： A. Scherpereel p. Astoul p. Baas T. Berghmans H. Clayson p. de Vuyst H. Dienemann F. Galateau-Salle C. Hennequin G. Hillerdal C. Le pe'choux L. Mutti J-C. pairon R. Stahel p. van Houtte J. van Meerbeeck D. waller W. Weder 宋作庆徐萧洪 For a full list of affiliations please see the Acknowledgements section 天津医科大学总医院天津市肺癌研究所天津市肺癌转移与肿瘤微环境重点实验室

恶性胸膜间皮瘤(malignant pleural mesothelioma,MpM)是一种罕见肿瘤,但发病率正逐渐上升,且预后较差。2008年,欧洲呼吸学会(European Respiratory Society,ERS)和欧洲胸外科医师学会(European Society of Tho-racic Surgeons,ESTS)特别工作组召集各方专家计划制定MpM诊治经验及更新指南。为了使MpM得到及时准确的诊断,专家推荐对患者实施胸腔镜检查,有手术禁忌和胸腔粘连的病例除外。约10%的病例采用标准染色方法无法获得满意的结果。因此我们推荐在胸膜活检的基础上,采用特异性免疫组化标志物。由于目前缺乏一个统一的、切实有效的分期系统,我们推荐应用最新的TNM分期,并且提出三个阶段的治疗前评估。在MpM的治疗中,患者的体力状态评分和组织亚型是目前唯一的、具有重要临床价值的预后因素。在临床试验中,应对其它潜在因素进行初步探讨并予以报道。MpM对化疗高度耐受,仅有少数患者可接受根治性手术。本文对新的治疗方法和策略进行了综述。目前由于最佳综合治疗的资料有限,适合采用多种方案联合治疗策略的患者应被纳入专业机构的前瞻性试验中。

关键词：石棉肿瘤指南间皮瘤,胸膜治疗

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慢性卒中患者双上肢训练与运动皮层激活的随机对照试验

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第6期1卷 5-6页

作者： Luft A.R. McCombe- waller S. Whitall J. 黄卫东 Dept. of phys. Ther. and Rehab. Sci. University of Maryland School of Medicine 100 Penn St Baltimore MD 21201 United States Dr.

Context: Reorganization in central motor networks occurs during early recovery from hemiparetic stroke. In chronic stroke survivors, specific rehabilitation therapy can improve upper extremity function. Abstract:Objective: To test the hypothesis that in patients who have chronic motor impairment following stroke, specific rehabilitation therapy that improves arm function is associated with reorganization of cortical networks. Design, Setting, and patients: A randomized controlled clinical trial conducted in a US ambulatory rehabilitation program with 21 patients (median [IQR], 50.3 [34.8- 77.3] months after unilateral stroke). Data were collected between 2001 and 2004. Interventions: patients were randomly assigned to bilateral arm training with rhythmic auditory cueing (BATRAC) (n=9) or standardized dose- matched therapeutic exercises (DMTE) (n=12). Both were conducted for 1 hour, 3 times a week, for 6 weeks. Main Outcome Measures: Within 2 weeks before and after the intervention, brain activation during elbow movement assessed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and functional outcome assessed using arm function scores. Results: patients in the BATRAC group but not in the DMTE group increased hemispheric activation during paretic arm movement (p = .03). Changes in activation were observed in the contralesional cerebrum and ipsilesional cerebellum (p=.009). BATRAC was associated with significant increases in activation in precentral (p postcentral gyri (p=.03) and the cerebellum (p patients showed no fMRI changes. Considering all patients, there were no differences in functional outcome between groups. When only BATRAC patients with fMRI response were included (n=6), BATRAC improved arm function more than DMTE did (p=.02). Conclusions: These preliminary findings suggest that BATRAC induces reorganization in contralesional motor networks and provide biological plausibility for repetitive bilateral training as a pote

关键词：运动皮层随机对照试验上肢功能康复治疗训练组大脑半球中央后回脑功能活动临床试验损伤区

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