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The Impact of the Essential Fatty Acids (EFA) in Human Health

Open journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2015年第7期5卷 98-104页

作者： Alberto Krayyem Arbex Vagner Rosa Bizarro Julio Cesar Salles Santos lis marina mesquita araújo Ana Luísa Conceicao de Jesus Minelli Salles Alves Fernandes Marcela Miranda Salles Denise Rosso Tenório Wanderley Rocha Aline Marcadenti Division of Endocrinology Faculdade IPEMED de Ciências Médicas (IPEMED) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Visiting Scientist of the Harvard School of Public Health Harvard University Boston USA Postgraduate Studies Program in Cardiology Instituto de Cardiologia/Fundacao Universitária de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IC/FUC) Porto Alegre Brazil Department of Nutrition Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFSCPA) Porto AlegreBrazil

Linoleic (LA) and α-linolenic acids (ALA) are considered essential fatty acids (EFA) because they are not produced by the human body. This way, EFAs sources must come from the diet. The primary dietary source of n-3 fatty acids is ALA, found in seeds and seed oils. Other important sources are fish oils such as tuna, salmon and herring. Currently, numerous studies suggest possible benefits of essential fatty acids in human health, such as in cardiovascular, cognitive and eye health, and also during pregnancy and childhood. This paper also discusses the impact of fatty acids in human metabolism, and the available evidence regarding its risks. It addresses the relevant debate regarding a general ban of trans fatty acids (TFA) from the world food market, because of the cardiovascular risks associated with its consumption.

关键词： Fatty Acids Linoleic Acid Alpha-Linolenic Acid Cardiovascular Health Trans Fatty Acids

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Diabetes, Obesity and the Nutrition Transition in the Mercosur

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Open journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2016年第1期6卷 28-37页

作者： Tatiane Andreazza Lucchese Amanda Maia Breis Karine Rucker Vagner Rosa Bizarro lis marina mesquita araújo Alessandre Gomes Mikele Torino Paletti Ana Luísa Conceição de Jesus Marcella Garcez Duarte Denise Rosso Tenório Wanderley Rocha Alberto Krayyem Arbex Division of Endocrinology IPEMED Medical School (IPEMED) Sao Paulo Brazil Brazilian Association of Nutrology (ABRAN) Catanduva Sao Paulo Brazil Visiting Scholar Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Harvard University Boston USA

Diabetes and obesity are major health hazards in Latin America nowadays. Their prevalence has steadily increased since the eighties. Today, more than 50% of the population are overweight, 15% has obesity and 6% to 15% has diabetes. The nutrition transition is a long-term process that brings chronic metabolic diseases as an undesired consequence, whilst ultra processed foods become increasingly part of daily food choices. These changes bring impacts in all fields of daily life, especially in the economic and legal fields—the “Right to Health”—and regarding autonomy of the individual and their choices, when confronted with an ideal of health and well-being. Governments and citizens struggle to propose new pathways and find effective solutions to control both epidemics and solve these issues. This article poses the evolution of diabetes and obesity in the Mercosur, seeking a better understanding of these chronic, non-communicable diseases, and looking for concrete, effective solutions towards health in South America.

关键词： Obesity Diabetes Mercosur Nutrition Transition Right to Health South America

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Extra Glycemic Impacts of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: Benefits of a Class Effect?

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Open journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2016年第1期6卷 43-57页

作者： lis marina de mesquita araújo Sumaya Feguri Thereza Lopes de Oliveira Fernanda Batista Pedrosa Rodrigo Garcez Guimarães Larissa Bianca Paiva Cunha de Sá Denise Rosso Tenório Wanderley Rocha Alberto Krayyem Arbex Division of Endocrinology IPEMED Medical School Belo Horizonte Brazil Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Boston USA

GLP-1 receptor agonists are approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, and more recently for obesity treatment. The glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a glucose dependent hormone produced by intestinal cells, which is involved in insulin secretion and glucagon suppression. This hormone controls glucose plasma levels and reduces food intake. Additional effects were reported in slowing gastric emptying and in inducing satiety. In clinical practice, theGLP-1 receptor agonists are associated with significant reductions in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and weight loss, despite showing a low risk of hypoglycemia. Beneficial effects have also been observed on blood pressure and lipid profile. The most common side effects associated with GLP-1 receptor agonists are gastro-intestinal motility disorders, such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, which are not associated with long-term health risks. Therefore, GLP-1 receptor agonists represent a relevant medication for type 2 diabetes, whose benefits may go far beyond glycemic control.

关键词： Diabetes GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Glycemic Control Extra Glicemic Effects Weight Loss Cardiovascular Risk

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Liver transplantation in patients with SARS-CoV-2:Two case reports

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World journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2021年第1期11卷 27-34页

作者： Camilla Bezerra Bastos Limeira Camila Monteiro Veras joséHicaro Hellano Gonçalves Lima Paiva marina Seixas Studart e Neves Themístocles mesquita Teles de Carvalho Natália Stefani de Assunção Ferreira Alessandra Maria Mont`Alverne Pierre Ivelise Regina Canito Brasil Transplantation Division Hospital Geral de FortalezaFORTALEZA 60175742CEBrazil UECE UeceFORTALEZA 60175742CearaBrazil

BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)causes coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).This disease was declared a worldwide health problem with the characteristics of a pandemic.Most patients have mild symptoms and a good prognosis.Information on the evolution and prognosis of COVID-19 in solid organ recipients is scarce.CASE SUMMARY We describe two patients who underwent liver transplantation with a positive test result for detection of the viral sequence for COVID-19,using reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),immediately before transplantation.The patients showed good evolution in the postoperative period,without signs of graft dysfunction.The immunosuppressive therapy was not modified.Both patients were discharged for subsequent outpatient follow-up.CONCLUSION In conclusion,it is expected that the experience at this center can be used as an example,aimed at the continuation of transplantations by other services and,thus,the morbidity and mortality of patients with liver disease on the transplantation waiting list can be reduced.Transplant centers must be able to readjust daily to the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic.

关键词： COVID-19 Liver transplantation Coronavirus Pneumonia Immunosuppressed patients Case report Infection diseases

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