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Current Zoology 2019年第2期65卷 189-195页

作者： Breanna j. PUTMAN Kylee R. AZURE lindsey SWIERK Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles CA 90095-1606 USA Section of Herpetology and Urban Nature Research Center Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Los Angeles CA 90007 USA Environmental Science Department Aaniiih Nakoda College Harlem MT 59526 USA dSchool of Forestry and Environmental Studies Yale University New Haven CT 06511 USA

Male sexually selected signals can indicate competitive ability by honestly signaling fitnessrelevant traits such as condition or performance. However, behavior can also influence contest outcomes;in particular, boldness often predicts dominance rank and mating success. Here, we sought to determi ne whether male ornament size is associated with consiste nt in dividual differences in boldness in water anoles Anol is aquaticus. We measured the relative size of the dewlap, a flap of skin under the chin that is a sexually selected ornament in Anolis lizards, and tested for associations with responses to a novel and potentially risky environment: time to emerge from a refuge into an arena and number of head sea ns post-emergence. We found that in dividuals con siste ntly differed in both time to emerge and head sea nning (i.e., in dividual resp on ses were repeatable), and that dewlap size was negatively related to nu mber of head sea ns. This suggests that orname nt size could indicate male boldness if seanning represents antipredator vigilance. We found that males that had larger relative dewlaps were also in better body condition, but boldness (i.e., head scann ing) was not related to condition. Lastly, we found con siste nt d iff ere nces in behavior betwee n trials, showing that anoles were becoming habituated or sensitized to the testing arena. Overall, our study shows that in additi on to indicating con dition and perform a nee, dewlap size could also honestly indicate male boldness in Anolis lizards.

关键词： Anolis aquaticus behavioral syndrome mating success personality signal sexual selection temperament

A new view of the mammary epithelial hierarchy and its implications for breast cancer initiation and metastasis

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journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2019年第6期4卷 55-70页

作者： lindsey j.Anstine Ruth Keri Department of Pharmacology Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences and Department of General Medical Sciences-Oncology Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44106USA

The existence of mammary epithelial stem cell(MaSC)populations capable of mediating mammary gland development and homeostasis has been established for over a decade.A combination of lineage tracing and mammary gland transplantation studies has affirmed that MaSCs and their downstream progenitors are organized in a hierarchal manner;however,these techniques have failed to illuminate the complete spectrum of epithelial intermediate populations or their spatial and temporal *** advent of single cell sequencing technology has allowed for characterization of highly heterogeneous tissues at high *** the last two years,the remarkable advances in single cell RNA sequencing technologies have been leveraged to address the heterogeneity of the mammary *** studies have afforded fresh insights into the transcriptional differentiation hierarchy and its ***,these data have led to a major conceptual shift in which the rigid boundaries separating stem,progenitor,and differentiated epithelial populations have been deconstructed,resulting in a new more fluid and flexible model of epithelial *** emerging view of the mammary epithelial hierarchy has important implications for mammary development,carcinogenesis,and metastasis,providing novel insights into the underlying cellular states that may promote malignant phenotypes.

关键词： Mammary gland mammary epithelial cells breast cancer stem cell

Apoptosis and the target genes of microRNA-21

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Chinese journal of Cancer 2011年第6期30卷 371-380页

作者： lindsey E.Becker Buscaglia Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of MedicineUniversity of Louisville

MicroRNA-21(miR-21) is frequently up-regulated in cancer and the majority of its reported targets are tumor *** functional suppression,miR-21 is implicated in practically every walk of oncogenic life:the promotion of cell proliferation,invasion and metastasis,genome instability and mutation,inflammation,replicative immortalization,abnormal metabolism,angiogenesis,and evading apoptosis,immune destruction,and growth *** particular,miR-21 is strongly involved in *** this article,we reviewed the experimentally validated targets of miR-21 and found that two thirds are linked to intrinsic and/or extrinsic pathways of cellular *** suggests that miR-21 is an oncogene which plays a key role in resisting programmed cell death in cancer cells and that targeting apoptosis is a viable therapeutic option against cancers expressing miR-21.

关键词：细胞凋亡 microRNA 靶基因程序性细胞死亡肿瘤抑制基因致癌基因 miR 微RNA

Verification and validation of hearing aids:Opportunity not an obstacle

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journal of Otology 2016年第2期11卷 57-62页

作者： lindsey E.jorgensen University of South Dakota Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders

Verification and validation are objective and subjective measurements of hearing aid function. Many studies have provided rationales for performing these measurements as necessary for hearing aid practitioners to provide the highest level of care. Several researchers have suggested that completing these measurements as part of routine clinical care will reduce the number of return visits, reduce the number of aids returned for credit, and increase patient satisfaction. The purpose of this review article is to provide background, method and rationale for practitioners to use these measurements to improve their practice of hearing healthcare.

关键词： Hearing aids Verification Real-ear measurements Probe-microphone measurements Satisfaction

Sexual signal conspicuity is correlated with tail autotomy in an anoline lizard

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Current Zoology 2022年第1期68卷 129-132页

作者： Kelly LinWUTHRICH Derek STOCK janelle B.TALAVERA Breanna j.PUTMAN lindsey SWIERK Department of Biological Sciences Binghamton UniversityState University of New YorkBinghamtonNY 13902USA Department of Biology California State UniversityNorthridgeCA 91330-8303USA Department of Biology California State UniversitySan BernardinoCA 92407USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California621 Young Drive SouthLos AngelesCA 90095-1606USA Department of Herpetology and Urban Nature Research Center Natural History Museum of Los Angeles CountyLos AngelesCA 90007USA School of Forestry and Environmental Studies Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06511USA Amazon Conservatory for Tropical Studies IquitosLoreto 16001Peru The Morpho Institute Kansas CityMO 64113USA

Sexual selection favors conspicuous signals that animals can use to communicate with conspecifics and/or to attract ***,natural and sexual selection are often in opposition,as conspicuous sexual signals can also be detected by eavesdropping predators,forcing these signals to also evolve in light of natural selection(Andersson 1994).

关键词： signal evolve selection

Crosstalk Complexities between Auxin, Cytokinin, and Ethylene in Arabidopsis Root Development： From Experiments to Systems Modeling, and Back Again

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Molecular Plant 2017年第12期10卷 1480-1496页

作者： junli Liu Simon Moore Chunli Chen Keith lindsey Department of Biosciences Durham University South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China These authors contributed equally to this article.

Understanding how hormones and genes interact to coordinate plant growth in a changing environment is a major challenge in plant developmental biology. Auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene are three important hormones that regulate many aspects of plant development. This review critically evaluates the crosstalk between the three hormones in Arabidopsis root development. We integrate a variety of experimental data into a crosstalk network, which reveals multiple layers of complexity in auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene crosstalk. In particular, data integration reveals an additional, largely overlooked link between the ethylene and cytokinin pathways, which acts through a phosphorelay mechanism. This proposed link addresses outstanding questions on whether ethylene application promotes or inhibits receptor kinase activity of the ethylene receptors. Elucidating the complexity in auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene crosstalk requires a combined experimental and systems modeling approach. We evaluate important modeling efforts for establishing how crosstalk between auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene regulates patterning in root develop- ment. We discuss how a novel methodology that iteratively combines experiments with systems modeling analysis is essential for elucidating the complexity in crosstalk of auxin, cytokinin, and ethylene in root development. Finally, we discuss the future challenges from a combined experimental and modeling perspective.

关键词： Arabidopsis auxin cytokinin ethylene hormonal crosstalk spatiotemporal modeling

Functional genomics studies on the innate immunity of disease vectors

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Insect Science 2008年第1期15卷 15-27页

作者： Luke A. Baton lindsey Garver Zhiyong Xi George Dimopoulos W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Malaria Research Institute Bloomberg School of Pubfic Health Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland USA

The increasing availability of genome sequences and the development of highthroughput techniques for gene expression profiling and functional characterization are transforming the study of innate immunity and other areas of insect biology. Already, functional genomic approaches have enabled a quantum advance in the characterization of mosquito immune responses to malaria parasite infection, and similar high-throughput functional genomic studies of other vector-pathogen interactions can be expected in the near future. The application of microarray-based and other expression analyses provide genomewide transcriptional profiles that can be used to identify insect immune system components that are differentially regulated upon exposure to various classes of pathogens, including many important etiologic agents of human and animal diseases. The role of infection-responsive or other candidate immune genes identified through comparative genomic approaches can then be functionally characterized, either in vivo, for instance in adult mosquitoes, or in vitro using cell lines. In most insect vectors of human pathogens, germ-line transgenesis is still technically difficult and maintenance of multiple transgenic lines logistically demanding. Consequently, transient RNA interference （RNAi）-mediated gene-silencing has rapidly become the method of choice for functional characterization of candidate innate immune genes. The powerful combination of transcriptional profiling in conjunction with assays using RNAi to determine gene function, and identify regulatory pathways, together with downstream cell biological approaches to determine protein localization and interactions, will continue to provide novel insights into the role of insect innate immunity in a variety of vector-pathogen interactions. Here we review advances in functional genomics studies of innate immunity in the insect disease vectors, over the past decade, with a particular focus on the Anopheles mosquito and its respo

关键词： Anopheles genomics innate immunity insect mosquito malaria microarray,parasite Plasmodium RNA interference transcriptomics transgenesis vector

Epstein-Barr virus infection mechanisms

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Chinese journal of Cancer 2014年第11期33卷 545-548页

作者： Liudmila S.Chesnokova lindsey M.Hutt-Fletcher Department of Microbiology and Immunology Center for Molecular Tumor Virology and Feist-Weiller Cancer CenterLouisiana State University Health Sciences CenterShreveportLA 71130USA

Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) infection occurs by distinct mechanisms across different cell types. EBV infection of B cells in vitro minimally requires 5 viral glycoproteins and 2 cellular proteins. By contrast, infection of epithelial cells requires a minimum of 3 viral glycoproteins, which are capable of interacting with one or more of 3 different cellular proteins. The full complement of proteins involved in entry into all cell types capable of being infected in vivo is unknown. This review discusses the events that occur when the virus is delivered into the cytoplasm of a cell, the players known to be involved in these events, and the ways in which these players are thought to function.

关键词：病毒感染机制蛋白质相互作用病毒糖蛋白细胞类型细胞蛋白上皮细胞 EBV

Differential responses to feeding by the tomato/potato psyllid between two tomato cultivars and their implications in establishment of injury levels and potential of damaged plant recovery

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Insect Science 2006年第3期13卷 195-204页

作者： DEGUANG LIU lindsey jOHNSON jOHN T. TRUMBLE Department of Entomology Unversity of California Riverside CA USA

An invasive new biotype of the tomato/potato psyllid （Bactericera [Paratrioza] cockerelli [Sulc.]）（Homoptera： Psyllidae） recently has caused losses exceeding 50% on fresh market tomatoes in western North America. Despite these extensive losses, little is known regarding the threshold levels at which populations must be suppressed in order to prevent economic losses. A series of experiments were therefore designed using combinations of two common tomato cultivars （QualiT 21 and Yellow Pear）, five pest-densities （0, 20, 30, 40 and 50 nymphs/plant）, and three feeding-duration （5 days, 10 days, and lifetime） treatments to test the relative importance of pest density, feeding period, and cumulative psyllid-days to establish economic threshold levels for psyllids. The cultivars differed considerably in their response to the toxin injected by the psyllid nymphs. ‘Yellow Pear＇ plants could recover from feeding by up to 40 nymphs for as long as 10 d, whereas ‘QualiT 21＇ plants were irreparably damaged by densities of 20 nymphs feeding for only 5 days. On ‘Yellow Pear＇, all plant measurements such as the number of yellow leaves and plant height were significantly better correlated with cumulative psyUid-days than with either pest density or feeding duration. On ‘QualiT 21 ＇, all plant measurements other than the number of yellow leaflets and leaves were significantly better correlated with pest density than with feeding duration or cumulative psyUid-days, and pest density was a better predictor of psyUid damage. Potential reasons for the variable responses between cultivars and the implications for psyllid sampling and integrated pest management are discussed.

关键词： IPM psyllid yellows tomato cultivar toxic saliva