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Molecule configurations modulate packing array and charge transfer in cocrystal engineering

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 512-516页

作者： Shenglong An Mengyuan Qiao Xin Jin Xuanying Chen Jianhua Su lifang Guo Zhiyun zhang Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CentreFrontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistryEast China University of Science&TechnologyShanghai200237China

Organic cocrystal as an emerging assembly strategy has received increasing attention in constructing multiple functional materials,through continually screening suitable constituent monomers or changing their stoichiometry ratios.However,the role of molecule configuration in the cocrystal field is rarely explored despite the fascinating potential in regulating the packing mode.In this study,the N,N′-diphenyl-5,10-dihydrophenazine derivatives(DPPs) with the flexible scaffold and different methyl substitutions are selected as the donors bearing various molecular configurations.In a simple collaborative way,a series of cocrystals based on DPPs and OFN(octafluoronaphthalene) are fabricated,exhibiting two self-adaptive molecular stacking arrays.X-ray crystallographic analysis and theoretical calculation unveil their different π···π interactions and charge transfer characters,leading to the significant emission redshift up to 125 nm compared with individual DPPs.As a result,controllable molecule stacking structure,tunable emission,and charge transfer properties can be achieved.The study provides a new perspective to reveal the structure-property relationships at the molecular level by controlling the molecule configuration in cocrystal engineering,contributing to the development of cocrystal theoretical physics and organic functional materials.

关键词： cocrystals molecular configuration self-adaptive packing mode charge transfer

HvMPK4 phosphorylates HvWRKY1 to enhance its suppression of barley immunity to powdery mildew fungus

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第3期51卷 313-325页

作者： Pengya Xue Ling zhang Renchun Fan Yanan Li Xinyun Han Ting Qi lifang Zhao Deshui Yu Qian-Hua Shen State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions College of Advanced Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Nutritional Sciences&Toxicology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Lushan Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of ScienceJiujiangJiangxi 332900China

Mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)cascades play important roles in disease resistance in model plant species.However,the functions of MAPK signaling pathways in crop disease resistance are largely unknown.Here we report the function of HvMKK1-HvMPK4-HvWRKY1 module in barley immune system.HvMPK4 is identified to play a negative role in barley immune response against Bgh,as virus-induced gene silencing of HvMPK4 results in enhanced disease resistance whilst stably overexpressing HvMPK4 leads to super-susceptibility to Bgh infection.Furthermore,the barley MAPK kinase HvMKK1 is found to specifically interact with HvMPK4,and the activated HvMKK1^(DD) variant specifically phosphorylates HvMPK4 in vitro.Moreover,the transcription factor HvWRKY1 is identified to be a downstream target of HvMPK4 and phosphorylated by HvMPK4 in vitro in the presence of HvMKK1^(DD).Phosphorylation assay coupled with mutagenesis analyses identifies S122,T284,and S347 in HvWRKY1 as the major residues phosphorylated by HvMPK4.HvWRKY1 is phosphorylated in barley at the early stages of Bgh infection,which enhances its suppression on barley immunity likely due to enhanced DNA-binding and transcriptional repression activity.Our data suggest that the HvMKK1-HvMPK4 kinase pair acts upstream of HvWRKY1 to negatively regulate barley immunity against powdery mildew.

关键词： Barley MPK4 WRKY1 Phosphorylation Disease resistance Powdery mildew

Combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer alleviates the kernel position effect in summer maize by promoting post-silking nitrogen uptake and dry matter accumulation

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第4期23卷 1179-1194页

作者： Lichao Zhai Lihua zhang Yongzeng Cui lifang Zhai Mengjing Zheng Yanrong Yao Jingting zhang Wanbin Hou Liyong Wu Xiuling Jia Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei ProvinceShijiazhuang 050035China Hebei Science and Technology Innovation Service Center Shijiazhuang 050051China Yongnian Agricultural Technology Extension Center Handan 057150China Ningjin Agricultural Technology Extension Center Xingtai 055550China

Adjusting agronomic measures to alleviate the kernel position effect in maize is important for ensuring high yields.In order to clarify whether the combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer(CAOFCF)can alleviate the kernel position effect of summer maize,field experiments were conducted during the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons,and five treatments were assessed:CF,100%chemical fertilizer;OFCF1,15%organic fertilizer+85%chemical fertilizer;OFCF2,30%organic fertilizer+70%chemical fertilizer;OFCF3,45%organic fertilizer+55%chemical fertilizer;and OFCF4,60%organic fertilizer+40%chemical fertilizer.Compared with the CF treatment,the OFCF1 and OFCF2 treatments significantly alleviated the kernel position effect by increasing the weight ratio of inferior kernels to superior kernels and reducing the weight gap between the superior and inferior kernels.These effects were largely due to the improved filling and starch accumulation of inferior kernels.However,there were no obvious differences in the kernel position effect among plants treated with CF,OFCF3,or OFCF4 in most cases.Leaf area indexes,post-silking photosynthetic rates,and net assimilation rates were higher in plants treated with OFCF1 or OFCF2 than in those treated with CF,reflecting an enhanced photosynthetic capacity and improved postsilking dry matter accumulation(DMA)in the plants treated with OFCF1 or OFCF2.Compared with the CF treatment,the OFCF1 and OFCF2 treatments increased post-silking N uptake by 66.3 and 75.5%,respectively,which was the major factor driving post-silking photosynthetic capacity and DMA.Moreover,the increases in root DMA and zeatin riboside content observed following the OFCF1 and OFCF2 treatments resulted in reduced root senescence,which is associated with an increased post-silking N uptake.Analyses showed that post-silking N uptake,DMA,and grain yield in summer maize were negatively correlated with the kernel position effect.In conclusion,the combined application of 15-30%organic fertilizer and 70-85%chemical fer

关键词： chemical fertilizer dry mater accumulation kernel position effect N uptake organic fertilizer

Correlation of personality with individual reproductive success in shrub-nesting birds depends on their life history style

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 42-49页

作者： Jianchuan Li Wen zhang Ningning Sun Yujie Wang lifang Gao Ran Feng Liqing Fan Bo Du Tibet Museum of Natural Science Lhasa850011China School of Life Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Institute of Plateau Ecology Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry UniversityLinzhi860000China

Two questions in the research of animal personality—whether there is a correlation between a personality trait and individual reproductive success,and what is the genetic basis underlying a personality trait—remain unresolved.We addressed these two questions in three shrub-nesting birds,the Azure-winged Magpie(Cyanopica cyanus,AM),White-collared Blackbird(Turdus albocinctus,WB),and Brown-cheeked Laughingthrush(Trochalopteron henrici,BL).The personality type of an individual was first identified according to its response to a territorial intruder.Then,we compared the fleeing distance,breeding parameters,and differential expressed genes(DEGs) in the brain transcriptome between bold and shy breeders.In the three species,bold breeders exhibited more aggressiveness towards an intruder of their territory than did shy breeders.The reproductive success of bold breeders was significantly higher than that of shy breeders in AM but not in WB and BL.The three species shared one DEG,crabp1,which was up-regulated in bold relative to in shy individuals.By regulating the expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone,higher crabp1 gene expression can decrease cellular response to retinoic acid.Therefore,bold individuals are insensitive to external stresses and able to exhibit more aggressiveness to intruders than their shier counterparts.Aggressiveness is beneficial to bold individuals in AM but not in WB and BL because the former could evoke neighbors to make the same response of defending against intruders but the latter could not.Although a personality trait may have the same genetic basis across species,its correlation with reproductive success depends largely on the life history style of a species.

关键词： Boldness Life history style Personality Reproductive success Transcriptome analysis

Exogenous calcium enhances the physiological status and photosynthetic capacity of rose under drought stress

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 853-865页

作者： Xiaojuan Zhao Shang Lin Shuang Yu Yichang zhang Lin Su lifang Geng Chenxia Cheng Xinqiang Jiang College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandong 266000China College of Horticultural Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandong 266000China

Drought(water shortage)can substantially limit the yield and economic value of rose plants(Rosa spp.).Here,we characterized the effect of exogenous calcium(Ca^(2+))on the antioxidant system and photosynthesis-related properties of rose under polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG6000)-induced drought stress.Chlorophyll levels,as well as leaf and root biomass,were significantly reduced by drought;drought also had a major effect on the enzymatic antioxidant system and increased concentrations of reactive oxygen species.Application of exogenous Ca^(2+)increased the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of leaves,enhanced water-use efficiency,and increased the length and width of stomata following exposure to drought.Organ-specific physiological responses were observed under different concentrations of Ca^(2+).Application of 5 mmol·L^(-1)Ca^(2+)promoted photosynthesis and antioxidant activity in the leaves,and application of 10 mmol·L^(-1)Ca^(2+)promoted antioxidant activity in the roots.Application of exogenous Ca^(2+)greatly enhanced the phenotype and photosynthetic capacity of potted rose plants following exposure to drought stress.Overall,our findings indicate that the application of exogenous Ca^(2+)enhances the drought resistance of roses by promoting physiological adaptation and that it could be used to aid the cultivation of rose plants.

关键词： Rosa hybrida L. Exogenous calcium Drought stress Physiological index Photosynthetic capacity

Manure substitution improves maize yield by promoting soil fertility and mediating the microbial community in lime concretion black soil

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 698-710页

作者： Minghui Cao Yan Duan Minghao Li Caiguo Tang Wenjie Kan Jiangye Li Huilan zhang Wenling Zhong lifang Wu The Center for Ion Beam Bioengineering&Green Agriculture Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China Zhongke Taihe Experimental Station Taihe 236626China Institute of Resources and Environment Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014China

Synthetic nitrogen(N)fertilizer has made a great contribution to the improvement of soil fertility and productivity,but excessive application of synthetic N fertilizer may cause agroecosystem risks,such as soil acidification,groundwater contamination and biodiversity reduction.Meanwhile,organic substitution has received increasing attention for its ecologically and environmentally friendly and productivity benefits.However,the linkages between manure substitution,crop yield and the underlying microbial mechanisms remain uncertain.To bridge this gap,a three-year field experiment was conducted with five fertilization regimes:i)Control,non-fertilization;CF,conventional synthetic fertilizer application;CF_(1/2)M_(1/2),1/2 N input via synthetic fertilizer and 1/2 N input via manure;CF_(1/4)M_(3/4),1/4 N input synthetic fertilizer and 3/4 N input via manure;M,manure application.All fertilization treatments were designed to have equal N input.Our results showed that all manure substituted treatments achieved high soil fertility indexes(SFI)and productivities by increasing the soil organic carbon(SOC),total N(TN)and available phosphorus(AP)concentrations,and by altering the bacterial community diversity and composition compared with CF.SOC,AP,and the soil C:N ratio were mainly responsible for microbial community variations.The co-occurrence network revealed that SOC and AP had strong positive associations with Rhodospirillales and Burkholderiales,while TN and C:N ratio had positive and negative associations with Micromonosporaceae,respectively.These specific taxa are implicated in soil macroelement turnover.Random Forest analysis predicted that both biotic(bacterial composition and Micromonosporaceae)and abiotic(AP,SOC,SFI,and TN)factors had significant effects on crop yield.The present work strengthens our understanding of the effects of manure substitution on crop yield and provides theoretical support for optimizing fertilization strategies.

关键词： fertilization manure substitution soil fertility maize yield bacterial community

Core Decomposition and Maintenance in Bipartite Graphs

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2023年第2期28卷 292-309页

作者： Dongxiao Yu lifang zhang Qi Luo Xiuzhen Cheng Zhipeng Cai School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Department of Computer Science Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGA 30303USA

The prevalence of graph data has brought a lot of attention to cohesive and dense subgraph mining.In contrast with the large number of indexes proposed to help mine dense subgraphs in general graphs,only very few indexes are proposed for the same in bipartite graphs.In this work,we present the index called˛.ˇ/-core number on vertices,which reflects the maximal cohesive and dense subgraph a vertex can be in,to help enumerate the(α,β)-cores,a commonly used dense structure in bipartite graphs.To address the problem of extremely high time and space cost for enumerating the(α,β)-cores,we first present a linear time and space algorithm for computing the˛.ˇ/-core numbers of vertices.We further propose core maintenance algorithms,to update the core numbers of vertices when a graph changes by avoiding recalculations.Experimental results on different real-world and synthetic datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our algorithms.

关键词： core decomposition core maintenance bipartite graph dense subgraph mining

Improving the Forecasts of Coastal Wind Speeds in Tianjin, China Based on the WRF Model with Machine Learning Algorithms

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第3期38卷 570-585页

作者： Weihang zhang Meng TIAN Shangfei HAI Fei WANG Xiadong AN Wanju LI Xiaodong LI lifang SHENG College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of China Tianjin Key Laboratory for Oceanic Meteorology Tianjin Institute of Meteorological Science CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre China Meteorological Administration (CMA) Qingdao Meteorological Bureau

Characterized by sudden changes in strength, complex influencing factors, and significant impacts, the wind speed in the circum-Bohai Sea area is relatively challenging to forecast. On the western side of Bohai Bay, as the economic center of the circum-Bohai Sea, Tianjin exhibits a high demand for accurate wind forecasting. In this study, three machine learning algorithms were employed and compared as post-processing methods to correct wind speed forecasts by the Weather Research and Forecast（WRF） model for Tianjin. The results showed that the random forest（RF）achieved better performance in improving the forecasts because it substantially reduced the model bias at a lower computing cost, while the support vector machine（SVM） performed slightly worse（especially for stronger winds）,but it required an approximately 15 times longer computing time. The back propagation（BP） neural network produced an average forecast significantly closer to the observed forecast but insufficiently reduced the RMSE. In regard to wind speed frequency forecasting, the RF method commendably corrected the forecasts of the frequency of moderate（force 3） wind speeds, while the BP method showed a desirable capability for correcting the forecasts of stronger（force > 6） winds. In addition, the 10-m u and v components of wind(u10and v10), 2-m relative humidity（RH2） and temperature（T2）, 925-hPa u(u925), sea level pressure（SLP）, and 500-hPa temperature(T500) were identified as the main factors leading to bias in wind speed forecasting by the WRF model in Tianjin, indicating the importance of local dynamical/thermodynamic processes in regulating the wind speed. This study demonstrates that the combination of numerical models and machine learning techniques has important implications for refined local wind forecasting.

关键词： machine learning Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model wind speed forecasting coastal region

Inhibition of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway Improves Cigarette Mainstream Smoke-Induced Lung Injury and Gut Microbiota Disturbance

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期37卷 676-681页

作者： Hong Huang Shengjie Li lifang Zeng Yan zhang Ying Chen Yanbing Ma Jing Wei Changwei Zou Tingtao Chen School of Resources and Environment Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330031JiangxiChina National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies Institute of Translational MedicineJiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang 330031JiangxiChina School of Pharmacy Jiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang 330006JiangxiChina

Currently,cigarette smoke(CS)remains a major contributor to disease morbidity and mortality.CS can be divided into cigarette mainstream smoke(CMS)and side-stream smoke,depending on where it is produced by burning tobacco^([1]).CMS is inhaled by smokers from the filter end during cigarette combustion and is strongly associated with the development of several diseases^([2-4]).

关键词： smoke CMS cigarette