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Integrated analysis of multi-tissues lipidome and gut microbiome reveals microbiota-induced shifts on lipid metabolism in pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 280-293页

作者： Chunlin Xie Xiaoyan Zhu Baoyang Xu Yaorong Niu Xuelei Zhang libao ma Xianghua Yan State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryFrontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable ProductionCollege of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production WuhanHubei 430070China Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology WuhanHubei 430070China

Lipid metabolism is very important for meat quality in pigs.Accumulating evidence shows that gut microbiota can contribute to this physiological process.However,the gut microbiota that function in lipid metabolism and adipogenesis remains unclear.Here,we compared the characteristics of fat deposition and gut microbial community between Laiwu pigs and Duroc(LandraceYorkshire)(DLY)pigs.Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)was performed to determine the possible impact of gut microbiota on lipid metabolism in pigs.An integrated analysis of the gut microbiome and lipidome of the small intestine,plasma,and liver was conducted to investigate the effects of FMT on host lipid metabolism.The comparative analysis of the gut microbiome showed higher abundance of Bacteroidetes(P=0.0018)while lower abundance of Firmicutes(P=0.012)in Laiwu pigs,and the microbial composition can be transferred from Laiwu pigs into DLY pigs.Transmission electron microscope and Oil red-O staining were performed to analyze the effects of FMT on lipid deposition in liver,the main target organ for lipid metabolism.The results showed that FMT significantly increased the number of lipid droplets(P=0.0035)and lipid accumulation(P=0.0026)in liver.Furthermore,integrated multi-tissues lipidome analysis demonstrated that the fatty acyls and glycerophospholipids were significantly increased(Pma.In the small intestine,FMT increased(Pmay regulate the lipid metabolism and enhance the accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver of pigs.

关键词： Pig Gut microbiota Lipidome Fecal microbiota transplantation Lipid metabolism

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Multi-omics analysis reveals gut microbiota-induced intramuscular fatdeposition via regulating expression of lipogenesis-associated genes

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 84-99页

作者： Chunlin Xie Junyong Teng Xinkai Wang Baoyang Xu Yaorong Niu libao ma Xianghua Yan State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubei430070China The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production WuhanHubei430070China Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology WuhanHubei430070China

The gut microbiome has great effects on the digestion, absorption, and metabolism of lipids. However,the microbiota composition that can alter the fat deposition and the meat quality of pigs remains unclear.Here, we used Laiwu (LW) pigs (a native Chinese breed with higher intramuscular fat) compared withcommercial crossbreed Duroc×(Landrace×Yorkshire) (DLY) pigs to investigate the effects of microbiotaon meat quality, especially in intramuscular fat content. A total of 32 DLY piglets were randomly allottedto 4 groups and transplanted with fecal microbiota from healthy LW pigs. The results indicated that thehigh dose of fecal microbiota transplantation (HFMT) selectively enhanced fat deposition in longissimusdorsi (P male SPF C57BL/6j mice were randomly allotted into 7 groups and administrated with these 4 microbesalone or consortium to validate the relationships between microbiota and lipid deposition.Inoculating the bacterial consortium into mice increased intramuscular fat content (P may play an important role in regulating the lipid deposition in the muscle of pigs and mice.

关键词： Gut microbiota Lipid deposition Intramuscular fat Meat quality Fecal microbiota transplantation

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Identification of gut microbes associated with feed efficiency by daily-phase feeding strategy in growing-finishing pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 42-53页

作者： Qin Jiang Chunlin Xie Lingli Chen Hongli Xiao Zhilian Xie Xiaoyan Zhu libao ma Xianghua Yan State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryFrontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable ProductionCollege of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production WuhanHubei 430070China Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology WuhanHubei 430070China

Feed efficiency is one of the most important issues for sustainable pig production.Daily-phase feeding(DPF)is a form of precision feeding that could improve feed efficiency in pigs.Gut microbiota can regulate host nutrient digestion,absorption,and metabolism.However,which key microbes may play a vital role in improving the feed efficiency during DPF remains unclear.In the present study,we used a DPF program compared to a three-phase feeding(TPF)program in growing-finishing pigs to investigate the effects of gut microbiota on feed efficiency.A total of 204 Landrace×Yorkshire pigs(75 d)were randomly assigned into 2 treatments.Each treatment was replicated 8 times with 13 to 15 pigs per replicate pen.Pigs in the TPF group were fed with a commercial feeding program that supplied fixed feed for phasesⅠ,Ⅱ,andⅢ,starting at 81,101,and 132 d of age,respectively,and pigs in the DPF group were fed a blend of adjacent phase feed from 81 to 155 d at a gradual daily ratio and phaseⅢfeed from 155 to 180 d of age.Daily feed intake and body weight were recorded by a computerized device in the feeders.Feces and blood samples were collected from 1 pig per replicate at 155 and 180 d of age.The results showed that the DPF program remarkably improved the feed efficiency at 155 d(Pmay contribute to feed efficiency during daily-phase feeding strategies in pigs.

关键词： Daily-phase feeding Feed efficiency Gut microbiota Nutrient metabolism Pig

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Multi‑omics analysis reveals gut microbiota‑ovary axis contributed to the follicular development difference between Meishan and Landrace×Yorkshire sows

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畜牧与生物技术杂志:英文版 2023年第5期14卷 1954-1968页

作者： Baoyang Xu Wenxia Qin Yuwen Chen Yimei Tang Shuyi Zhou Juncheng Huang libao ma Xianghua Yan State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryFrontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable ProductionCollege of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production Wuhan 430070HubeiChina Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Wuhan 430070HubeiChina

Background The mechanism by which Meishan(MS)sows are superior to white crossbred sows in ovarian follicle development remains unclear.Given gut microbiota could regulate female ovarian function and reproductive capacity,this study aimed to determine the role of gut microbiota-ovary axis on follicular development in sows.Methods We compared the ovarian follicular development,gut microbiota,plasma metabolome,and follicular fluid metabolome between MS and Landrace×Yorkshire(L×Y)sows.A H_(2)O_(2)-induced cell apoptosis model was used to evaluate the effects of multi-omics identified metabolites on the apoptosis of porcine ovarian granulosa cells in vitro.Results Compared with L×Y sows,MS sows have greater ovary weight and improved follicular development,including the greater counts of large follicles of diameter≥5 mm,secondary follicles,and antral follicles,but lesser atretic follicles.The ovarian granulosa cells in MS sows had alleviated apoptosis,which was indicated by the increased BCL-2,decreased caspases-3,and decreased cleaved caspases-3 than in L×Y sows.The ovarian follicular fluid of MS sows had higher concentrations of estradiol,progesterone,follicle-stimulating hormone,luteinizing hormone,and insulin like growth factor 1 than L×Y sows.Gut microbiota of MS sows formed a distinct cluster and had improved alpha diversity,including increased Shannon and decreased Simpson than those of L×Y sows.Corresponding to the enhanced function of carbohydrate metabolism and elevated short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in feces,the differential metabolites in plasma between MS and L×Y sows are also mainly enriched in pathways of fatty acid metabolism.There were significant correlations among SCFAs with follicular development,ovarian granulosa cells apoptosis,and follicular fluid hormones,respectively.Noteworthily,compared with L×Y sows,MS sows had higher follicular fluid SCFAs concentrations which could ameliorate H_(2)O_(2)-induced porcine granulosa cells apoptosis in vitro.Conclusion MS sows have more secondary and antral foll

关键词： Follicular development Granulosa cells apoptosis Gut microbiota Short-chain fatty acids Sows

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Obese Ningxiang pig-derived microbiota rewires carnitine metabolism to promote muscle fatty acid deposition in lean DLY pigs

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The Innovation 2023年第5期4卷 69-77页

作者： Jie Yin Yunxia Li Yu Tian Feng Zhou Jie ma Siting Xia Tong Yang libao ma Qinghua Zeng Gang Liu Yulong Yin Xingguo Huang College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agriculture UniversityChangsha 410128China College of Animal Sciences and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Hunan Chuweixiang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Co LtdNingxiang 410600China Instiute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China

The gut microbiota consistently shows strong correlations with lipid metabolism in humans and animals,and whether the gut microbiota contributes to muscle fatty acid(FA)deposition and meat traits in farm animals has not been fully resolved.In this study,we aimed to unveil the microbial mechanisms underlying muscle FA deposition in pigs.First,we systematically revealed the correlation between the gut microbiome and muscle FA levels in 43 obese Ningxiang pigs and 50 lean Duroc Landrace Yorkshire(DLY)pigs.Mutual fecal microbial transplantation showed that the obese Ningxiang pig-derived microbiota increased the muscle FA content and improved meat quality by reshaping the gut microbial composition in lean DLY pigs.Lactobacillus reuteri has been identified as a potential microbial biomarker in obese Ningxiang pig-derived microbiota-challenged DLY pigs.A gavage experiment using lean DLY pigs confirmed that L.reuteri XL0930 isolated from obese Ningxiang pigs was the causal species that increased the muscle FA content.Mechanistically,SLC22A5,a carnitine transporter,was downregulated in L.reuteri XL0930-fed DLY pigs,resulting in reduced muscle carnitine levels.Muscle and intestinal L-carnitine levels,which correlated with the muscle FA content,impeded fat synthesis and FA accumulation in in vitro and in vivo models.In conclusion,we uncovered an unexpected and important role of the obese Ningxiang pig-derived microbiota in regulating muscle FA metabolism via the SLC22A5-mediated carnitine system.

关键词： DLY Ningxia fir

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Rice bran oil supplementation protects swine weanlings against diarrhea and lipopolysaccharide challenge

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2023年第5期24卷 430-441页

作者： Juncheng HUANG Wenxia QIN Baoyang XU Haihui SUN Fanghua JING Yunzheng XU Jianan ZHAO Yuwen CHEN libao ma Xianghua YAN State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryFrontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable ProductionCollege of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production Wuhan 430070China Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Wuhan 430070China Yichun Dahaigui Life Science Co. Ltd.Yichun 336000China

Early weaned piglets suffer from oxidative stress and enteral infection,which usually results in gut microbial dysbiosis,serve diarrhea,and even death.Rice bran oil(RBO),a polyphenol-enriched by-product of rice processing,has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties both in vivo and in vitro.Here,we ascertained the proper RBO supplementation level,and subsequently determined its effects on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced intestinal dysfunction in weaned piglets.A total of 168 piglets were randomly allocated into four groups of seven replicates(42 piglets each group,(21±1)d of age,body weight(7.60±0.04)kg,and half males and half females)and were given basal diet(Ctrl)or basal diet supplemented with 0.01%(mass fraction)RBO(RBO1),0.02%RBO(RBO2),or 0.03%RBO(RBO3)for 21 d.Then,seven piglets from the Ctrl and the RBO were treated with LPS(100μg/kg body weight(BW))as LPS group and RBO+LPS group,respectively.Meanwhile,seven piglets from the Ctrl were treated with the saline vehicle(Ctrl group).Four hours later,all treated piglets were sacrificed for taking samples of plasma,jejunum tissues,and feces.The results showed that 0.02%was the optimal dose of dietary RBO supplementation based on diarrhea,average daily gain,and average daily feed intake indices in early weaning piglets.Furthermore,RBO protected piglets against LPS-induced jejunal epithelium damage,which was indicated by the increases in villus height,villus height/crypt depth ratio,and Claudin-1 levels,as well as a decreased level of jejunal epithelium apoptosis.RBO also improved the antioxidant ability of LPS-challenged piglets,which was indicated by the elevated concentrations of catalase and superoxide dismutase,and increased total antioxidant capacity,as well as the decreased concentrations of diamine oxidase and malondialdehyde in plasma.Meanwhile,RBO improved the immune function of LPS-challenged weaned piglets,which was indicated by elevated immunoglobulin A(IgA),IgM,β-defensin-1,and lysozyme levels in the plasma.In addition,RBO supp

关键词： Rice bran oil Gut microbiota Weaned piglets Oxidative stress Lipopolysaccharide

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Dietary ellagic acid supplementation attenuates intestinal damage and oxidative stress by regulating gut microbiota in weanling piglets

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第4期11卷 322-333页

作者： Wenxia Qin Baoyang Xu Yuwen Chen Wenbo Yang Yunzheng Xu Juncheng Huang Ting Duo Yihua mao Guozong Zhou Xianghua Yan libao ma State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production WuhanChina Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology WuhanChina Wuhan Huayang Animal Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd WuhanChina Hubei Tianxin Biotech Co. LtdShiyanChina

Intestinal oxidative stress triggers gut microbiota dysbiosis,which is involved in the etiology of postweaning diarrhea and enteric infections.Ellagic acid(EA)can potentially serve as an antioxidant supplement to facilitate weaning transition by improving intestinal oxidative stress and gut microbiota dysbiosis.Therefore,we aimed to investigate the effects of dietary EA supplementation on the attenuation of intestinal damage,oxidative stress,and dysbiosis of gut microbiota in weanling piglets.A total of126 piglets were randomly assigned into 3 groups and treated with a basal diet and 2 m L saline orally(Ctrl group),or the basal diet supplemented with 0.1%EA and 2 m L saline orally(EA group),or the basal diet and 2 m L fecal microbiota suspension from the EA group orally(FEA group),respectively,for 14 d.Compared with the Ctrl group,EA group improved growth performance by increasing average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain(Pmage by increasing the tight junction protein occludin(Pmalondialdehyde(Pmance,intestinal damage,and intestinal antioxidant capacity.In addition,the relative abundance of bacteria shifted in EA and FEA groups was significantly related to the examined indices(Pmance and atte

关键词： Ellagic acid Gut microbiota Weanling piglets Intestinal damage Oxidative stress

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VOC emitted by biopharmaceutical industries:Source profiles,health risks,and secondary pollution

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 570-584页

作者： Jiawei ma Lin Li State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control material&Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China

The biopharmaceutical industry contributes substantially to volatile organic compounds(VOCs)emissions,causing growing concerns and social developmental conflicts.This study conducted an on-site investigation of the process-based emission of VOCs from three biopharmaceutical enterprises.In the workshops of the three enterprises,26 VOCs were detected,which could be sorted into 4 classes:hydrocarbons,aromatic hydrocarbons,oxygen-containing compounds,and nitrogen-containing compounds.Ketones were the main components of waste gases,accounting for 44.13%-77.85%of the overall VOCs.Process-based source profiles were compiled for each process unit,with the fermentation and extraction units of tiamulin fumarate being the main source of VOC emissions.Dimethyl heptanone,vinyl acetate,diethylamine,propylene glycol methyl ether(PGME),and benzene were screened as priority pollutants through a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system.Ground level concentration simulation results of the Gauss plume diffusion model demonstrated that the diffusivity of VOCs in the atmosphere was relatively high,indicating potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks 1.5-2 km downwind.Furthermore,the process-based formation potentials of ozone and secondary organic aerosols(SOAs)were determined and indicated that N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone,dimethyl heptanone,and PGME should be preferentially controlled to reduce the ozone formation potential,whereas the control of benzene and chlorobenzene should be prioritized to reduce the generation of SOAs.Our results provide a basis for understanding the characteristics of VOC emission by biopharmaceutical industries and their diffusion,potentially allowing the development of measures to reduce health risks and secondary pollution.

关键词： Biopharmaceutical Volatile organic compound Priority pollutant Exposure risk Secondary pollution

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Nuclear phylogenomics of angiosperms and insights into their relationships and evolution

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 546-578页

作者： Guojin Zhang Hong ma College of Life Sciences Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Department of Biology 510 Mueller LaboratoryHuck Institutes of the Life SciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

Angiosperms(flowering plants) are by far the most diverse land plant group with over 300,000 species. The sudden appearance of diverse angiosperms in the fossil record was referred to by Darwin as the “abominable mystery,”hence contributing to the heightened interest in angiosperm evolution. Angiosperms display wide ranges of morphological, physiological,and ecological characters, some of which have probably influenced their species richness. The evolutionary analyses of these characteristics help to address questions of angiosperm diversification and require well resolved phylogeny. Following the great successes of phylogenetic analyses using plastid sequences,dozens to thousands of nuclear genes from next-generation sequencing have been used in angiosperm phylogenomic analyses, providing well resolved phylogenies and new insights into the evolution of angiosperms. In this review we focus on recent nuclear phylogenomic analyses of large angiosperm clades, orders, families,and subdivisions of some families and provide a summarized Nuclear Phylogenetic Tree of Angiosperm Families. The newly established nuclear phylogenetic relationships are highlighted and compared with previous phylogenetic results. The sequenced genomes of Amborella,Nymphaea, Chloranthus, Ceratophyllum, and species of monocots, magnoliids, and basal eudicots, have facilitated the phylogenomics of relationships among five major angiosperms clades. All but one of the 64 angiosperm orders were included in nuclear phylogenomics with well resolved relationships except the placements of several orders. Most families have been included with robust and highly supported placements, especially for relationships within several large and important orders and families.Additionally, we examine the divergence time estimation and biogeographic analyses of angiosperm on the basis of the nuclear phylogenomic frameworks and discuss the differences compared with previous analyses. Furthermore,we discuss the implications of nuclear phylogenomic analyses on ancestral

关键词： angiosperms evolution flowering plants nuclear gene phylogenomics phylogeny

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Uniform decomposition of velocity gradient tensor

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 24-34页

作者： Chenxi ma Chaoqun Liu Department of mathematics University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTXUSA

In this paper,the principal decomposition of the velocity gradient tensor[∇v]is discussed in 3 cases based on the discriminant∆:∆0 with 3 distinct real eigen values,and∆=0 with 1 or 2 distinct real eigen values.The velocity gradient tensor can also be classified as rotation point,which can be decomposed into three parts,i.e.,rotation[R],shear[S]and stretching/compression[SC],and non-rotation point,we defined a new resistance term[L],and the tensor can be decomposed into three parts,i.e.,resistance[L],shear[S]and stretching/compression[SC].Example matric are also displayed to demonstrate the new decomposition.Connections of principal decomposition between 3 different cases,and between Resistance and Liutex will also be discussed.

关键词： Velocity gradient Liutex resistance fluid kinematics

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