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Nutritional Assessment Tools for Patients with Cancer:A Narrative Review

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Current Medical Science 2024年第1期44卷 71-80页

作者： Peng-peng WANG Kim lam Soh Huzwah binti Khazaai Chuan-yi NING Xue-ling HUANG Jia-xiang YU Jin-lian LIAO Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia NursingCollege of Guangxi Medical University Nanning 530021China Department of Biomedical Sciences Universiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia Department of Nursing The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanning 530021China

Cancer patients are at high risk of malnutrition,which can lead to adverse health outcomes such as prolonged hospitalization,increased complications,and increased *** and timely nutritional assessment plays a critical role in effectively managing malnutrition in these ***,while many tools exist to assess malnutrition,there is no universally accepted *** different tools have their own strengths and limitations,there is a lack of narrative reviews on nutritional assessment tools for cancer *** address this knowledge gap,we conducted a non-systematic literature search using PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library from their inception until May 2023.A total of 90 studies met our selection criteria and were included in our narrative *** evaluated the applications,strengths,and limitations of 4 commonly used nutritional assessment tools for cancer patients:the Subjective Global Assessment(SGA),Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment(PG-SGA),Mini Nutritional Assessment(MNA),and Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition(GLIM).Our findings revealed that malnutrition was associated with adverse health *** of these 4 tools has its applications,strengths,and *** findings provide medical staff with a foundation for choosing the optimal tool to rapidly and accurately assess malnutrition in cancer *** is essential for medical staff to be familiar with these common tools to ensure effective nutritional management of cancer patients.

关键词： cancer malnutrition nutrition nutritional assessment tool

Gestational age-specific neonatal mortality in Hong Kong:a population-based retrospective study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第2期19卷 158-169页

作者： Xue-lian Wang Eman Leung Genevieve Po Gee Fung Hugh Simon lam Department of Neonatology Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child HealthGuangzhouChina Department of Paediatrics Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of Paediatrics 6/F Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences BuildingPrince of Wales HospitalSha TinNew TerritoriesHong Kong SARChina

Background The neonatal period is the most vulnerable period during childhood,with the risk of death being the highest even in developed countries/*** Kong’s neonatal mortality(1‰)is among the world’s lowest and has remained similar for 15 *** study aimed to explore neonatal deaths in Hong Kong in detail and determine whether neonatal mortality is reducible at such a low *** Live births in public hospitals in Hong Kong during 01 Jan 2006–31 Dec 2017 were *** data were extracted from the electronic medical *** age-specific mortality was calculated,and the trends were analyzed using the Cochran–Armitage trend *** of death were summarized,and risk factors were identified in multivariate logistic regression *** In 490,034 live births,755 cases(1.54‰)died during the neonatal period,and 293(0.6‰)died during the post-neonatal *** neonatal mortality remained similar overall(P=0.17)and among infants born at 24–29 weeks’gestation(P=0.4),while it decreased in those born at 23(P=0.04),30–36(P<0.001)and≥37(P<0.001)weeks’*** born at<27 weeks’gestation accounted for a significantly increased proportion among cases who died(27.6%to 51.9%),with hemorrhagic conditions(24%)being the leading cause of *** anomalies were the leading cause of death in neonates born≥27 weeks’gestation(52%),but its cause-specific mortality decreased(P=0.002,0.6‰to 0.41‰),with most of the decrease attributed to trisomy 13/18 and multiple *** Reduction of neonatal mortality in developed regions may heavily rely on improved quality of perinatal and neonatal care among extremely preterm infants.

关键词： Cause of death Neonatal mortality Population based Risk factor Trend

The mini player with diverse functions:extracellular vesicles in cell biology,disease,and therapeutics

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Protein & Cell 2022年第9期13卷 631-654页

作者： Abhimanyu Thakur Xiaoshan Ke Ya-Wen Chen Pedram Motallebnejad Kui Zhang Qizhou lian Huanhuan Joyce Chen The Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA The Ben May Department for Cancer Research The University of ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of MedicineKeck School of MedicineHastings Center for Pulmonary ResearchUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Biology Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA Department of Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong Prenatal Diagnostic Center and Cord Blood Bank Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina HKUMed Laboratory of Cellular Therapeutics the University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are tiny biological nanovesicles ranging from approximately 30–1000 nm in diameter that are released into the extracellular matrix of most cell types and in *** classification of EVs includes exosomes,microvesicles,and apoptotic bodies,dependent on various factors such as size,markers,and biogenesis *** transition of EV relevance from that of being assumed as a trash bag to be a key player in critical physiological and pathological conditions has been revolutionary in many *** have been recently revealed to play a crucial role in stem cell biology and cancer progression via intercellular communication,contributing to organ development and the progression of *** review focuses on the significant research progress made so far in the role of the crosstalk between EVs and stem cells and their niche,and cellular communication among different germ layers in developmental *** addition,it discusses the role of EVs in cancer progression and their application as therapeutic agents or drug delivery *** such discoveries have been facilitated by tremendous technological advancements in EV-associated research,especially the microfluidics *** pros and cons in the context of characterization of EVs are also extensively discussed in this *** review also deliberates the role of EVs in normal cell processes and disease conditions,and their application as a diagnostic and therapeutic ***,we propose future perspectives for EV-related research in stem cell and cancer biology.

关键词： extracellular vesicles exosomes stem cells cancer exosomal communication exosomal therapeutics

Preparation and characterization of a lipoid adsorption material and its atrazine removal performance

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第8期23卷 1293-1298页

作者： Zhiqiang Chen Qinxue Wen Jiaxiang lian Nanqi Ren State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China. National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China

A novel adsorbent named lipold adsorption material （lam）, with a hydrophoblc nucleolus （trlolem） and a hydrophlllc membrane structure （polyamide）, was synthesized to remove hydrophobic organic chemicals （HOCs） from solution. Triolein, a type of lipoid, was entrapped by the polyamide membrane through an interfacial polymerization reaction. The method of preparation and the structure of the lam were investigated and subsequent experiments were conducted to determine the characteristics of atrazine （a type of HOC） removal from wastewater using lam as the adsorbent. The results showed that lam had a regular structure compared with the prepolymer, where compact particles were linked with each other and openings were present in the structure of the lam in which the fat drops formed from triolein were entrapped. In contrast to the atrazine adsorption behavior of powdered activated carbon （PAC）, lam showed a persistent adsorption capacity for atrazine when initial concentrations of 0.57, 1.12, 8.31 and 19.01 mg/L were present, and the equilibrium time was 12 hr. Using an 8 mg/L initial concentration of atrazine as an indicator of HOCs in aqueous solution, experiments on the adsorption capacity of the lam showed 69.3% removal within 6-12 hr contact time, which was close to the 75.5% removal of atrazine by PAC. Results indicated that lam has two atrazine removal mechanisms, namely the bioaccumulation of atrazine by the nucleous material and physical adsorption to the lam membrane. Bioaccumulation was the main removal mechanism.

关键词： lipoid adsorption material atrazine powdered activated carbon

Topical application of adipose tissuederived mesenchymal stem cells(ADMSCs)reduced cerebral edema in experimental traumatic brain injury(TBI)-a preliminary study

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2021年第2期7卷 131-136页

作者： Hui Ma lian Xu Cui Ping Kuen lam Cindy S.W.Tong Kin K.Y.Lo George K.C.Wong Wai Sang Poon Division of Neurosurgery Chow Tai Fook-Cheng Yu Tung Surgical Stem Cell Research CenterDepartment of SurgeryThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong KongSARChina Division of Neurosurgery Department of SurgeryFo Shan First People’s HospitalFoshanGuangdongChina

Background:Our previous studies showed that topical application of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)improved functional recovery in rat traumatic brain injury(TBI)model,and hypoxic precondition further enhanced the therapeutic effects of *** was no previous study on the attenuation of cerebral edema by *** investigated whether topical application of normoxic and hypoxic MSCs could reduce cerebral edema in an experimental TBI ***:Two million normoxic(N=24)and hypoxic(N=24)MSCs were applied topically to exposed the cerebral cortex in a controlled cortical impact(CCI)*** MSCs were fixed in position with fibrin *** treatment was given to control animals(TBI only:n=24).After surgery,four animals in each group were sacrificed daily(day 1 to day 6)for edema *** animals without TBI were used as reference(n=4).The expressions of GFAP,AQP4,and MMP9 were also investigated by immunofluorescence staining and RT-PCR at day ***:The edema peaked within 3 days after *** with the control,hypoxic MSCs reduced brain water content significantly(p<0.05).Both hypoxic and normoxic MSCs downregulated the expression of MMP9 and normalized AQP4 distribution to astrocyte end ***:Our preliminary study showed that topical application of hypoxic MSCs suppressed both vasogenic and cytotoxic edema formation.

关键词： Topical MSCs Cerebral edema TBI

Study on the Microstructure of Human Articular Cartilage/Bone Interface

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2011年第3期8卷 251-262页

作者： Yaxiong Liu Qin lian Jiankang He Jinna Zhao Zhongmin Jin Dichen Li State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 P. R. China Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering Leeds' University LS2 9JT UK

For improving the theory of gradient microstructure of cartilage/bone interface, human distal femurs were studied. Scanning Electron Microscope （SEM）, histological sections and MicroCT were used to observe, measure and model the micro- structure of cartilage/bone interface. The results showed that the cartilage/bone interface is in a hierarchical structure which is composed of four different tissue layers. The interlocking of hyaline cartilage and calcified cartilage and that of calcified car- tilage and subchondral bone are in the manner of＂protrusion-pore＂ with average diameter of 17.0 gm and 34.1 lam respectively. In addition, the cancellous bone under the cartilage is also formed by four layer hierarchical structure, and the adjacent layers are connected by bone trabecula in the shape of H, I and Y, forming a complex interwoven network structure. Finally, the simplified structure model of the cartilage/bone interface was proposed according to the natural articular cartilage/bone interface. The simplified model is a 4-layer gradient biomimetic structure, which corresponds to four different tissues of natural cartilage/bone interface. The results of this work would be beneficial to the design of bionic scaffold for the tissue engineering of articular cartilage/bone.

关键词： tissue engineering knee joint articular cartilage/bone interface of cartilage/bone

Effects of microrolling parameters on the microstructure and deformation behavior of pure copper

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2018年第1期25卷 45-52页

作者： Yi Jing Hong-mei Zhang Hao Wu lian-jie Li Hong-bin Jia Zheng-yi Jiang School of Material and Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Liaoning School of Mechanical Materials and Mechatronic EngineeringUniversity of Wollongong An-steel Group Da-Xing Plant

Microrolling experiments and uniaxial tensile tests of pure copper under different annealing conditions were carried out in this paper. The effects of grain size and reduction on non-uniform deformation, edge cracking, and microstructure were studied. The experimen- tal results showed that the side deformation became more non-uniform, resulting in substantial edge bulge, and the uneven spread increased with increasing grain size and reduction level. When the reduction level reached 80% and the grain size was 65 μm, slight edge cracks occurred. When the grain size was 200 μm, the edge cracks became wider and deeper. No edge cracks occurred when the grain size was 200 μm and the reduction level was less than 60%; edge cracks occurred when the reduction level was increased to 80%. As the reduction level increased, the grains were gradually elongated and appeared as a sheet-like structure along the rolling direction; a fine lamellar structure was obtained when the grain size was 20 lam and the reduction level was less than 60%.

关键词： micro-rolling grain size effect reduction deformation behavior microstructure pure copper

Fe65-engineered neuronal exosomes encapsulating corynoxine-B ameliorate cognition and pathology of Alzheimer’s disease

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第11期8卷 5481-5494页

作者： Ashok Iyaswamy Abhimanyu Thakur Xin-Jie Guan Senthilkumar Krishnamoorthi Tsz Yan Fung Kejia Lu Isha Gaurav Zhijun Yang Cheng-Fu Su Kwok-Fai Lau Kui Zhang Roy Chun-Laam Ng Qizhou lian King-Ho Cheung Keqiang Ye Huanhuan Joyce Chen Min Li Mr.&Mrs.Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research School of Chinese MedicineHong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong SARChina Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA Ben May Department for Cancer Research The University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong SARChina School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Division of Neuroscience School of Biological SciencesFaculty of BiologyMedicine and HealthManchester Academic Health Science CentreUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUnited Kingdom Department of Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong SARChina Prenatal Diagnostic Center and Cord Blood Bank Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina HKUMed Laboratory of Cellular Therapeutics the University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong SARChina Faculty of Life and Health Sciences Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the predominant impairment of neurons in the hippocampus and the formation of amyloid plaques,hyperphosphorylated tau protein,and neurofibrillary tangles in the *** overexpression of amyloid-βprecursor protein(APP)in an AD brain results in the binding of APP intracellular domain(AICD)to Fe65 protein via the C-terminal Fe65-PTB2 interaction,which then triggers the secretion of amyloid-βand the consequent pathogenesis of ***,targeting the interaction between APP and Fe65 can offer a promising therapeutic approach for ***,exosome,a type of extracellular vesicle with diameter around 30–200 nm,has gained much attention as a potential delivery tool for brain diseases,including AD,due to their ability to cross the blood–brain barrier,their efficient uptake by autologous cells,and their ability to be surface-modified with target-specific receptor ***,the engineering of hippocampus neuron cell-derived exosomes to overexpress Fe65,enabled the development of a novel exosome-based targeted drug delivery system,which carried Corynoxine-B(Cory-B,an autophagy inducer)to the APP overexpressed-neuron cells in the brain of AD *** Fe65-engineered HT22 hippocampus neuron cell-derived exosomes(Fe65-EXO)loaded with Cory-B(Fe65-EXO-Cory-B)hijacked the signaling and blocked the natural interaction between Fe65 and APP,enabling APP-targeted delivery of ***,Fe65-EXO-Cory-B induced autophagy in APP-expressing neuronal cells,leading to amelioration of the cognitive decline and pathogenesis in AD mice,demonstrating the potential of Fe65-EXO-Cory-B as an effective therapeutic intervention for AD.

关键词： Alzheimer gained loaded

Molecular diversity and genetic structure of 380 sweetpotato accessions as revealed by SSR markers

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第4期14卷 633-641页

作者： YANG Xin-sun SU Wen-jin WANG lian-jun LEI Jian CHAI Sha-sha LIU Qing-chang Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization Ministry of Education/China Agricultural University Institute of Food Crops Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas（L.） lam., is an important food crop widely cultivated in the world. Evaluation of genetic relationships among diverse cultivars and landraces is necessary for efficient exploitation of genetic diversity in the existing germplasm resources. In the present study, a collection of 380 sweetpotato accessions assembled from different agro-climatic zones of China and other countries were genotyped using 30 SSR primer pairs. Model-based structure analysis separated the germplasm into three populations, P1, P2 and P3, containing 228, 133 and 19 accessions, respectively, which was consistent with the results of phylogenic and principal component analysis（PCA）. Analysis of molecular variance（AMOVA） revealed significant genetic differentiation among inferred populations, accounting for 16.47% of the total molecular variance, however, the differences between the regions were not significant, the total variation were due to the differences between the genotypes within the population. Pairwise fixation index（F ST） suggested that populations P1 and P3 had the highest differentiation, while populations P1 and P2 had the lowest differentiation. The diversity among populations was wide, which confirmed the genetic distinction of populations. Through comparing model-based structure and domestication-based classification, it was found that the accessions of population P1 mainly belonged to modern cultivars, and the accessions of populations P2 and P3 basically corresponded to landraces, by which we suggest that modern cultivars maybe had experienced a two-step domestication history. Our results illustrated clear genetic relationships among 380 sweetpotato accessions, exhibiting the potential of accelerating the process of future sweetpotato breeding program by molecular marker based parental selection.

关键词： genetic diversity population structure simple sequence repeat sweetpotato