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Association between tourniquet use and intraoperative blood loss during below-knee amputation

World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第7期13卷 644-651页

作者： Alden E Wyland Erik Woelber liam h wong Jordan Arakawa Zachary M Working James Meeker School of Medicine Oregon Health and Sciences UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Oregon Health and Sciences UniversityPortlandOR 97239United States

BACKGROUND Despite over 150000 amputations of lower limbs annually,there remains a wide variation in tourniquet practice patterns and no consensus on their necessity,especially among orthopedic patient *** purpose of this study was to determine whether tourniquet use in orthopedic patients undergoing below knee amputation(BKA) was associated with a difference in calculated blood loss relative to no tourniquet *** To determine if tourniquet use in orthopedic patients undergoing BKA was associated with a difference in calculated blood loss relative to no tourniquet *** We performed a retrospective review of consecutive patients undergoing BKA by orthopedic surgeons at a tertiary care hospital from 2008 through *** loss was calculated using a combination of the Nadler equation for preoperative blood volume and a novel formula utilizing preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels and *** and forwards step-wise multivariate linear regressions were performed to determine the association between tourniquet use and blood loss.A Wilcoxon was used to determine the univariate relationship between tourniquet use and blood loss for in the restricted subgroups of patients who underwent BKA for trauma,tumor,and *** Of 97 eligible patients identified,67 underwent surgery with a tourniquet and 30 did *** multivariate regression,tourniquet use was associated with a 488 mL decrease in calculated blood loss(CI 119-857,P = 0.01).In subgroup analysis,no individual group showed a statistically significant decrease in blood loss with tourniquet *** was no significant association between tourniquet use and either postoperative transfusions or reoperation at one *** We found that tourniquet use during BKA is associated with decreased calculated intraoperative blood *** recommend that surgeons performing this procedure use a tourniquet to minimize blood loss.

关键词： Amputation Tourniquet Blood loss hemostasis

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Polarization Fatigue in Ferroelectric Thin Films

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Chinese Physics Letters 2002年第4期19卷 566-568页

作者：王忆 K.h.wong 等 StructureResearchLaboratory&DepartmentofAstronomyandAppliedPhysics UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChinaHefei230026 DepartmentofAppliedPhysics TheHongKongPolytechnicUniversi

The fatigue problem in ferroelectric thin films is investigated based on the switched charge per unit area versus switching cycles. The temperature, dielectric permittivity, voltage bias, frequency and defect valence dependent switching polarization properties are calculated quantitatively with an extended Dawber-Scott model. The results are in agreement with the recent experiments.

关键词： Ferroelectric thin films

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Virtual colonoscopy-induced perforation in a patient with Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第6期13卷 978-979页

作者： Sunny h wong Vincent WS wong Joseph JY Sung Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

We report a case of sigmoid colon perforation in a patient with Crohn's disease undergoing computed-tomographic (CT) colonography. A 70-year-old patient with Crohn's disease with terminal ileitis and sigmoid stricture underwent CT colonography after incomplete conventional colonoscopy. During the procedure, the colon was inflated by air insufflation and the patient developed abdominal pain with radiological evidence of retroperitoneal and intraperitoneal free gas. hartmann's operation was performed. This case highlights that CT colonography is not risk-free. The risk of perforation may be higher in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

关键词： Perforation Colonography Crohn's disease Stricture hartmann's Inflammatory bowel disease

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Torsional Characteristics of Single Walled Carbon Nanotube with Water Interactions by Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2014年第3期6卷 268-279页

作者： V.Vijayaraghavan C.h.wong School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University

The torsional characteristics of single walled carbon nanotube(SWCNT) with water interactions are studied in this work using molecular dynamics simulation method. The torsional properties of carbon nanotubes(CNTs) in a hydrodynamic environment such as water are critical for its key role in determining the lifetime and stability of CNT based nano-fluidic devices. The effect of chirality, defects and the density of water encapsulation is studied by subjecting the SWCNT to torsion. The findings show that the torsional strength of SWCNT decreases due to interaction of water molecules and presence of defects in the SWCNT. Additionally,for the case of water molecules encapsulated inside SWCNT, the torsional response depends on the density of packing of water molecules. Our findings and conclusions obtained from this paper is expected to further compliment the potential applications of CNTs as promising candidates for applications in nano-biological and nano-fluidic devices.

关键词： Carbon nanotube Water interaction Torsion Water encapsulation Nano-fluid Molecular dynamics

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The Effects of Organic Ligands on the Survival of Daphnia in Zn Solution

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1991年第4期4卷 433-440页

作者： M.h.wong Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist College 224 Waterloo Road Kowloon Hong Kong

Bioassays involving zinc alone and in combinations with two organic ligands, namely histidine and EDTA were conducted on Daphnia longispina over a period of 96 h. The percentage of mortality was recorded and the Median Lethal Concentration (LC50) at 96 h estmated. The 96 h LC50 of D. longispina in zinc solution was 91 μg/1 whereas no values of LC50 were revealed when D. longispina were exposed to histidine or EDTA alone although the organic ligands seemed to exert harmful effects (e.g. The mortality at 96 h was 18% at a concentration of 10×10^(-5) M histidine and 16% at a concentration of 6×10~6 M EDTA). however, addition of histidine and EDTA effectively reduced the toxicity of zinc to the test animals. The detoxification effect was the most obvious at the concentration of 100×g/1 Zn added with 5×10^(-5) M histidine and 3×10^(-6) M EDTA where 7-fold and 5-fold reduction in terms of mortality were noted.

关键词： Zn

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heavy metal concentrations in edible bivalves and gastropods available in major markets of the Pearl River Delta

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2001年第2期13卷 210-217页

作者： FANG Zhan-qiang ChEUNG R.Y.h. wong M.h. Department of Biology South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China Department of Biology and Chemistry City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong Institute for Natural Resources and Waste Management and Department of BiologyHong Kong Bapt ist UniversityKowloon TongHong Kong

Molluscs are able to accumulate heavy metals and impose health hazard to consumers. The main objective of the present study is to investigate the heavy metal concentrations in edible bivalves and gastropods available in major markets of the Pearl River Delta. Fourteen species of edible molluscs were purchased from six markets in hong Kong and Guangdong Province. The fresh of these biota were tested for their cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb) and tin (Sn) concentrations (based on wet weight). The results indicated that amongst the 14 edible molluscs, only Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Sb and Sn concentrations in three species (Ruditapes philippinarum, Perna viridis and hemifusus tuba) were within the local regulatory limits. Over 60% of bivalve species exceeded maximum permitted levels of Cd (2 mug/g) and Cr (1 mug/g), while over 40% of gastropod species exceeded the maximum levels of Sb (1 mug/g) and Cr (1 mug/g). Most of the samples collected from hong Kong had significantly higher contents of Pb and Sb, but similar levels of Cd, Cu and Zn when compared with samples collected across the border ( p he molluscs purchased in Guangdong markets had higher metal contents than those purchased from the hong Kong markets. When compared with the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake or Maximum Acceptable Daily Load recommended by FAO/WhO Expert Committee on Food Additives, Cd levels of five species (Anadara ferruginea, Pinna pectinata, Chlamys nobilis, Babylonia lutosa and hemifusus terntanus) and Cr levels of seven species ( Anadara ferruginea, Paphia undulata, Pinna pectinata, Babylonia lutosa, hemifusus terntanus, Cymbium melo and Cipangopaludina chinensis) were higher than both the human daily acceptable limits (for Cd and Cr respectively) and the local regulatory levels (for Cd and Cr respectively).

关键词： heavy metals edible molluscs human health Pearl River Delta

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STRUCTURE AND SURFACE STUDIES OF Mg_xZn_(1-x)O FILMS GROWN BY PULSED LASER DEPOSITION

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2005年第3期18卷 237-241页

作者： L.Zhuang K.h.wong DepartmentofAppliedPhysics TheHongKongPolytechnicUniversityKowloonHongKongChina

The structural and surface properties of high-quality epitaxial cubic MgxZn1-xO films deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) were studied by X-ray diffracti on and atomic force microscopy respectively. For films of about 500nm thick, sca ns over a 30μm × 30μm area revealed a surface roughness Ra of about 100nm. Th is relatively large surface roughness is primarily attributed to the particulate and outgrowth during the PLD process. A good epitaxial growth on LaAlO3 (LAO ) (100) substrates, however has been obtained for composition x = 0.9, 0.7 and 0 .5 with the heteroepitaxial relationship of (100)■∥(100)LAO (out-of-plane) and (011)■∥(010)LAO (in-plane). These structural qualities suggest that cubic Mgx Zn1-xO alloys films have good potential in a variety of optoelectronic device ap plications.

关键词： pulsed laser deposition thin film XRD MgxZn1-xO

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Effects of 2,3,7,8-TCDD and benzo[a]pyrene on modulating vitellogenin expression in primary culture of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) hepatocytes

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2004年第22期49卷 2372-2378页

作者： LIANGYong C.K.C.wong XUYing M.h.wong StateKeyLaboratoryofFreshwaterEcologyandBiotechnology InstituteofHydrobiologyChineseAcademyofSciencesWuhan430072China//GraduateSchoolofChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100039China DepartmentofBiology HongKongBaptistUniversityKowloonTongHongKong StateKeyLaboratoryofFreshwaterEcologyandBiotechnology InstituteofHydrobiologyChineseAcademyofSciencesWuhan430072China

Vitellogenin (Vtg) is the precursor of yolk protein. Its expression and secretion are estrogen-regulated and are crucial for oocyte maturation. An in vitro xenoestro- gen screening model was established by measuring Vtg in- duction in cultured primary hepatocytes from crucian carp. Vtg production was detected by biotin-avidin sandwich ELISA method while Vtg and cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) mRNA induction were measured by semi- quan- titative PCR-primer dropping technique. Vtg and Vtg mRNA were dose-dependently induced by diethylstilbestrol (DES, 0.2—200 ng/mL) in hepatocytes of crucian carp. Co-treatment of the DES-induced hepatocytes with either 2,3,7,8-TCDD (TCDD, 0.1—4 pg/mL) or benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P, 5—1000 ng/mL) resulted in a reduction of Vtg pro- duction and an increment of CYP1A1 mRNA expression both in a dose dependent manner, indicating the anti-estro- genic effects of the compounds. however, at lower tested concentrations, TCDD (0.1, 0.2 pg/mL), B[a]P (5 ng/mL) seemed to have a potentiating effect on Vtg expression and secretion, although by their own these compounds had no observable estrogenic effect on Vtg induction. Tamoxifen (a selective estrogen receptor modulators, 1 nmol/L—1 μmol/L), and β-naphtho-flavone (β-NF, an aryl hydrocarbon receptor inducing compounds, 2.5—1000 ng/mL) also were employed to study the possible interactions in DES-induced Vtg ex- pression. In co-treatment of the DES-induced hepatocytes with β-NF or tamoxifen, the decrease in Vtg production did parallel induction of CYP1A1 for β-NF, but tamoxifen inhib- ited Vtg induction did not parallel induced CYP1A1 expres- sion in all test concentrations. On the contrary, it was found that in co-treatment of the TCDD-induced hepatocytes with DES, TCDD induced CYP1A1 mRNA production was inhib- ited by DES also. These results implicated a possible cross talk between estrogen receptor- and aryl hydrocarbon re- ceptor-mediated pathways in the hepatocytes.

关键词： 2,3,7,8-TCDD 苯并[a]芘卵黄蛋白原鲫鱼鲤鱼肝细胞 CYP1A1 卵黄蛋白质异种雌激素

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Effect of Earthworm(Pheretimasp.) Density on Revegetation of Lead/zinc Metal Mine Tailings Amended with Soil

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2008年第2期6卷 43-48页

作者： Cheng Jiemin Ming h wong College of Population Resources and Environment Shandong Normal University Jinan Shandong 210014 China Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong China

The objective of this study was to investigate the ef- fects of earthworm density on the availability of nutrients and heavy metals in metal contaminated ***/Zn mine tailings were mixed throughly with a red yellow podzolic soil at the ratio (w/w) of 75:*** (Pheretima sp.) were introduced to the mixture at four different densities,zero,three,six and nine individuals per pot planted with ryegrass (Loliun multiflorum). The results indicated that earthworm activity significantly en- hanced ryegrass shoot ***,as denser earthworm population was introduced,shoot biomass tended to decrease. Earthworm activity significantly increased soil ph and availability of N,P and K in the tailings and soil *** was a general tendency that uptake of Zn by ryegrass increased after earthworm inoculation,although the increase in extractable Zn in tailings and soil mixture was not *** the contrary,there seemed to be a lower uptake of Pb by ryegrass under earthworm inoclation, despite the fact that higher extractable Pb concentrations were *** present project indicated that the improved growth of ryegrass was due to improved nutrient availability and other soil conditions,by inoculation of earthworms at an appropriate *** studies are needed to illustrate the relationship be- tween metal availability and earthworm activity in the field.

关键词： lead zinc nitrogen phosphorus phytostabilization Pb/Zn mine tailings

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Preserving the literary past, looking to the future: the first hong Kong Literature Database

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2005年第11期6卷 1341-1347页

作者： MA Leo F.h. wong Rita LAU Paul University Library System The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong ChinaUniversity Library System The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong ChinaUniversity Library System The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

In the last two decades of the 20th century, there has been an increasing interest in and emphasis on the study of the hong Kong literature in both the academic and general public in hong Kong. Recognizing the emergent need of the resources on hong Kong literature, the University Library System of the Chinese University of hong Kong set up the hong Kong Literature Database （the “Database”）, which was the first Chinese literature database in the Internet in 2000. The paper will examine how the database is constructed using XML technology andometadata schema, The database also employs Unicode UTF-8 as the internal code. A mapping table for traditional and simplified Chinese characters was created based on Unihan and is used behind the scene so that a user can either input traditional or simplified Chinese characters and retrieval will give both traditional and simplified Chinese characters. Currently 65% of journals use OCR technology so that full-text searching is possible. The Chinese OCR technology will be examined in greater detail. Special features of the Database such as, page-by-page browse mode, position-highlight for full-page newspaper, linking Table-Of-Contents and book jackets from the Library catalogue, etc. are described. The paper will also bring out the problem of massive downloading and compare the state-of-the-art technology and their shortcomings. This paper shows how the hong Kong Literature Database facilitates future collaboration and data exchange by using open standard, shareable structure and the latest technology.

关键词： hong Kong Literature hong Kong Literature Database XML Metadata schema Database structure UnicodeUTF-8 OCR technology

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