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Colorectal cancer screening:The value of early detection and modern challenges

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第20期30卷 2726-2730页

作者： Jian li Zhi-Peng li Wen-Jie ruan Wei Wang Department of Interventional Oncology Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Taizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000Zhejiang ProvinceChina School of Medicine Taizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000Zhejiang ProvinceChina

The screening of colorectal cancer(CRC)is pivotal for both the prevention and treatment of this disease,significantly improving early-stage tumor detection *** advancement not only boosts survival rates and quality of life for patients but also reduces the costs associated with ***,the adoption of CRC screening methods faces numerous challenges,including the technical limitations of both noninvasive and invasive methods in terms of sensitivity and ***,socioeconomic factors such as regional disparities,economic conditions,and varying levels of awareness affect screening *** coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic further intensified these challenges,leading to reduced screening participation and increased waiting ***,the growing prevalence of early-onset CRC necessitates innovative screening *** response,research into new methodologies,including artificial intelligence-based systems,aims to improve the precision and accessibility of *** measures by governments and health organizations to enhance CRC screening efforts are underway,including increased advocacy,improved service delivery,and international *** role of technological innovation and global health collaboration in advancing CRC screening is *** such as artificial intelligence and gene sequencing are set to revolutionize CRC screening,making a significant impact on the fight against this *** the rise in early-onset CRC,it is crucial for screening strategies to continually evolve,ensuring their effectiveness and applicability.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Early detection Economic implications Noninvasive tests Quality of life Survival rates Therapeutic modalities Technical challenges

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Deep learning applied to two-dimensional color Doppler flow imaging ultrasound images significantly improves diagnostic performance in the classification of breast masses:a multicenter study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第4期134卷 415-424页

作者： Teng-Fei Yu Wen He Cong-Gui Gan Ming-Chang Zhao Qiang Zhu Wei Zhang Hui Wang Yu-Kun Luo Fang Nie li-Jun Yuan Yong Wang Yan-li Guo Jian-Jun Yuan li-tao ruan Yi-Cheng Wang Rui-Fang Zhang Hong-Xia Zhang Bin Ning Hai-Man Song Shuai Zheng Yi li Yang Guang Department of Ultrasound Beijing Tian Tan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100070China Department of R&D CHISON Medical Technologies Co.LtdWuxiJiangsu 214028China Department of Ultrasound Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China Department of Ultrasound The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxi 9530031China Department of Ultrasound China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130033China Department of Ultrasound Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100850China Department of Ultrasound Lanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansu 730030China Department of Ultrasound Xi'an Tangdu Hospital of No.4 Military Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxi 710038China Department of Ultrasound Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Cancer Institute and HospitalBeijing 100021China Department of Ultrasound The Third M ilitary Medical University Southwest HospitalChongqing 400038China Department of Ultrasound Henan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhou cityHenan 450003China Department of Ultrasound Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College First Affiliated HospitalXi'anShaanxi 710061China Department of Ultrasound Hebei Medical University First Affiliated HospitalZhangjiakouHebei 075061China Department of Ultrasound Zhengzhou University First Affiliated HospitalZhengzhouHenan 450052China.

Background:The current deep learning diagnosis of breast masses is mainly reflected by the diagnosis of benign and malignant *** China,breast masses are divided into four categories according to the treatment method:inflammatory masses,adenosis,benign tumors,and malignant *** categorizations are important for guiding clinical *** this study,we aimed to develop a convolutional neural network(CNN)for classification of these four breast mass types using ultrasound(US)***:Taking breast biopsy or pathological examinations as the reference standard,CNNs were used to establish models for the four-way classification of 3623 breast cancer patients from 13 *** patients were randomly divided into training and test groups(n=1810 vs.n=1813).Separate models were created for two-dimensional(2D)images only,2D and color Doppler flow imaging(2D-CDFI),and 2D-CDFI and pulsed wave Doppler(2D-CDFI-PW)*** performance of these three models was compared using sensitivity,specificity,area under receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),positive(PPV)and negative predictive values(NPV),positive(LR+)and negative likelihood ratios(LR-),and the performance of the 2D model was further compared between masses of different sizes with above statistical indicators,between images from different hospitals with AUC,and with the performance of 37 ***:The accuracies of the 2D,2D-CDFI,and 2D-CDFI-PW models on the test set were 87.9%,89.2%,and 88.7%,*** AUCs for classification of benign tumors,malignant tumors,inflammatory masses,and adenosis were 0.90,0.91,0.90,and 0.89,respectively(95%confidence intervals[CIs],0.87-0.91,0.89-0.92,0.87-0.91,and 0.86-0.90).The 2D-CDFI model showed better accuracy(89.2%)on the test set than the 2D(87.9%)and 2D-CDFI-PW(88.7%)*** 2D model showed accuracy of 81.7%on breast masses≤1 cm and 82.3%on breast masses>1 cm;there was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.001).The accu

关键词： Deep learning Ultrasonography Breast diseases Diagnosis

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A star identification algorithm for rolling shutter exposure based on Hough transform

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第6期37卷 319-330页

作者： tao WANG Gangyi WANG Xinguo WEI Yongyong li School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

The star identification algorithm usually identifies stars by angular distance ***,under high dynamic conditions,the rolling shutter effect distorts the angular distances between the measured and true star positions,leading to plethoric false matches and requiring complex and time-consuming verification for star *** identification rate hinders the application of low-noise and cost-effective rolling shutter image *** this work,we first study a rolling shutter distortion model of angular distances between stars,and then propose a novel three-stage star identification algorithm to identify distorted star images captured by the rolling shutter star *** first stage uses a modified grid algorithm with adaptive error tolerance and an expanded pattern database to efficiently eliminate spurious *** second stage performs angular velocity estimation based on Hough transform to verify the matches that follow the same distortion *** third stage applies a rolling shutter error correction method for further *** the simulation and night sky image test demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our algorithm under high dynamic *** accuracy of angular velocity estimation method by Hough transform is evaluated and the root mean square error is below 0.5(°)/*** algorithm achieves a 95.7% identification rate at an angular velocity of 10(°)/s,which is much higher than traditional algorithms.

关键词： Star trackers Star identification Rolling shutter Angular velocity estimation Hough transform

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The nitrogen transformation behavior based on the pyrolysis products of wheat straw

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第7期71卷 58-65页

作者： Shun Guo Yunfei li Shengwei Tang tao Zhang School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

In order to provide basic design parameters for the industrial pyrolysis process,the transformation behavior of nitrogen was investigated using wheat straw as raw *** distributions of nitrogen in pyrolysis char,oil,and gas were obtained and the nitrogenous components in the products were analyzed systematically by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(Py-GC/MS)and thermogravimetric-Fourier transform infrared spectrometry(TG-FTIR).The nitrogen distribution ranges of the pyrolysis char,oil,and gas were 37.34%–54.82%,32.87%–40.94%and 10.20%–28.83%,*** nitrogen was retained in char at lower pyrolysis temperature and the nitrogen distribution of oil was from rise to decline with increasing *** most abundant N-containing compounds in three-phase products were pyrrole-N,amines,and HCN,*** addition,the transformation mechanism of nitrogen from wheat straw to pyrolysis products was concluded.

关键词： Pyrolysis Nitrogen transformation Wheat straw Py-GC/MS TG-FTIR

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Mechanical behavior and damage constitutive model of sandstone under hydro-mechanical (H-M) coupling

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第6期34卷 837-853页

作者： tao Tan Chunyang Zhang Yanlin Zhao Xiaoshuang li School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China State Key Laboratory of Safety and Health in Metal Mines Maanshan 243000China Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co. Ltd.Maanshan 243000China School of Resource&Environment and Safety Engineering Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China School of Urban Construction Changzhou UniversityChangzhouJiangsu 213164China

Underground engineering often passes through water-rich fractured rock masses, which are prone to fracture and instability under the long-term coupling of in-situ stress field and pore water(P-W) pressure, ultimately threatening the stability of underground structures. In order to explore the mechanical properties of rocks under H-M coupling, the corresponding damage constitutive(D-C) model has become the focus of attention. Considering the inadequacy of the current research on rock strength parameters,energy evolution characteristics and D-C model under H-M coupling, the mechanical properties of typical sandstone samples are discussed based on laboratory tests. The results show that the variation of characteristic stresses of sandstone under H-M coupling conforms to the normalized attenuation equation and Mohr-Coulomb(M-C) criterion. The P-W pressure mechanism of sandstone exhibits a dynamic change from softening effect to H-M fracturing effect. The closure stress is mainly provided by cohesive strength, while the initiation stress, damage stress, and peak stress are jointly dominated by cohesive strength and friction strength. In addition, residual stress is attributed to the friction strength formed by the bite of the fracture surface. Subsequently, the energy evolution characteristics of sandstone under H-M coupling were studied, and it was found that P-W pressure weakened the energy storage capacity and energy dissipation capacity of sandstone, and H-M fracturing was an important factor in reducing its energy storage efficiency. Finally, combined with energy dissipation theory and statistical damage theory, two types of D-C models considering P-W pressure are proposed accordingly, and the model parameters can be determined by four methods. The application results indicate that the proposed and modified D-C models have high reliability, and can characterize the mechanical behavior of sandstone under H-M coupling, overcome the inconvenience of existing D-C models

关键词： H-M coupling Water-saturated sandstone Mechanical mechanism Energy evolution D-C model

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Complex-frequency waves:beat loss and win sensitivity

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light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 181-183页

作者： Qingqing Cheng tao L School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China Department of Respiratory Diseases and Critical Medicine Quzhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical UniversityQuzhou324000China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing210093China

Recent experiments have demonstrated that synthesized complex-frequency waves can impart a virtual gain to molecule sensing systems,which can effectively restore information lost due to intrinsic molecular *** enhancement notably amplifies the signal of trace molecular vibrational fingerprints,thereby substantially improving the upper limit of sensitivity.

关键词： thereby Complex limit

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Cone-beam computed tomography noise reduction method based on U-Net with convolutional block attention module in proton therapy

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第7期35卷 89-100页

作者： Xing-Yue ruan Xiu-Fang li Meng-Ya Guo Mei Chen Ming Lv Rui li Zhi-ling Chen Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201800China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201210China Department of Radiation Oncology Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Proton therapy Shanghai201801China

Cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) is mostly used for position verification during the treatment process. However,severe image artifacts in CBCT hinder its direct use in dose calculation and adaptive radiation therapy re-planning for proton therapy. In this study, an improved U-Net neural network named CBAM-U-Net was proposed for CBCT noise reduction in proton therapy, which is a CBCT denoised U-Net network with convolutional block attention modules. The datasets contained 20 groups of head and neck images. The CT images were registered to CBCT images as ground truth. The original CBCT denoised U-Net network, sCTU-Net, was trained for model performance comparison. The synthetic CT(SCT) images generated by CBAM-U-Net and the original sCTU-Net are called CBAM-SCT and U-Net-SCT images, respectively. The HU accuracies of the CT, CBCT, and SCT images were compared using four metrics: mean absolute error(MAE), root mean square error(RMSE), peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR), and structure similarity index measure(SSIM). The mean values of the MAE, RMSE, PSNR, and SSIM of CBAM-SCT images were 23.80 HU, 64.63 HU, 52.27 dB, and 0.9919, respectively,which were superior to those of the U-Net-SCT images. To evaluate dosimetric accuracy, the range accuracy was compared for a single-energy proton beam. The γ-index pass rates of a 4 cm × 4 cm scanned field and simple plan were calculated to compare the effects of the noise reduction capabilities of the original U-Net and CBAM-U-Net on the dose calculation results. CBAM-U-Net reduced noise more effectively than sCTU-Net, particularly in high-density tissues. We proposed a CBAM-U-Net model for CBCT noise reduction in proton therapy. Owing to the excellent noise reduction capabilities of CBAM-U-Net, the proposed model provided relatively explicit information regarding patient tissues. Moreover, it maybe be used in dose calculation and adaptive treatment planning in the future.

关键词： Proton therapy Cone-beam CT CBAM-U-Net γ-index

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A Web-like Three-dimensional Binder for Silicon Anode in lithium-ion Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 25-31页

作者： liyuan li tao li Yifan Sha Baozeng Ren Lan Zhang Suojiang Zhang CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou University Langfang Green Industrial Technology Center Henan Key Laboratory of Energy Storage Materials and Processes Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology

Si anode is of paramount importance for advanced energy-dense lithium-ion batteries(liBs).However,the large volume change as well as stress generates during its lithiation-delithiation process poses a great challenge to the longterm cycling and hindering its *** this work,a composite binder is prepared with a soft component,guar gum(GG),and a rigid linear polymer,anionic polyacrylamide(APAM).

关键词： anionic polyacrylamide lithium-ion batteries Si anode thickness change web-like binder

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Effects of ignition voltage and electrode structure on electric ignition and combustion characteristics of Ammonium Dinitramide(ADN)-based liquid propellants in electric ignition mode in inert gas environment

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 229-242页

作者： Lei li Guoxiu li Hongmeng li Zhaopu YAO tao ZHANG Jinze WU Shuo ZHANG School of Mechanical Electronic and Control EngineeringBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Beijing Institute of Control Engineering Beijing 100190China

Hydrazine is toxic and carcinogenic, which greatly increases the difficulty of application and no longer meets the needs of green aerospace. As a green propellant, the Ammonium Dinitramide(ADN)-based liquid propellant has the advantages of higher specific impulse, being non-toxic,pollution-free, and easy storage. However, an ADN-based space engine in orbit has exposed the problems of high-temperature deactivation of catalysts and cold-start failure. An active ignition technology—electric ignition technology was explored in this paper to break through the technical bottleneck of catalyst deactivation and the inability to a cold start. An experimental system of a constant-volume combustor for the ADN-based liquid propellant based on the electric ignition method was established. The electric ignition and combustion characteristics of the ADN-based liquid propellant in a volume combustor with an electric ignition method were studied. The influencing mechanisms of the ignition voltage and the electrode structure on the electric ignition characteristics of the ADN-based liquid propellant were investigated. An elevation of the ignition voltage could facilitate the ignition process of the ADN-based liquid propellant, curtail electric energy input and heating effect, while exerting an adverse impact on the combustion process of the *** increase in the ignition voltage enhanced the ignition process of the propellant while simultaneously suppressing its combustion process when utilizing mesh electrodes. Compared to the strip electrodes, the mesh electrodes increased the contact area between the electrodes and the propellant,increased the electric energy input power in the electric ignition process, and reduced the ignition delay time. The mesh electrodes could promote the combustion process of the propellant to a certain extent.

关键词： ADN-based liquid propellant Resistive ignition Electrical ignition characteristic Combustion Inert gas

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Legumain-triggered aggregable gold nanoparticles for enhanced intratumoral retention

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 388-393页

作者： Zhi li Wenpei li Shaoping Jiang Chuan Hu Yuanyu Huang Maxim Shevtsov Huile Gao Shaobo ruan Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences School of Life ScienceBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System West China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences(RAS) St.Petersburg 194064Russia

Insufficient intratumoral retention of nanomedicines remains the major challenge for broad implementation in clinical ***,we proposed a legumain-triggered aggregable gold nanoparticle(GNP)delivery platform(GNPs-A&C).GNPs-A&C could form intratumoral or intracellular aggregates in response to the overexpressed *** aggregates with size increase not only could reduce back-flow from interstitial space to peripheral bloodstream but also could restrict the cellular exocytosis,leading to enhanced intratumoral *** vitro studies demonstrated that GNPs-A&C possessed an excellent legumain responsiveness and the increased size was closely relevant with legumain *** vivo studies demonstrated GNPs-A&C possessed slower clearance rate and much higher intratumoral retention within legumain-overexpressed tumor compared to non-aggregable NPs,regardless of intravenous or intratumoral *** importantly,this delivery platform significantly improved the chemotherapeutic effect of doxorubicin(DOX)towards subcutaneous xenograft C6 *** effectiveness of this stimulus-responsive aggregable delivery system provides a thinking for designing more intelligent size-tunable nanomedicine that can substantially improve intratumoral retention.

关键词： Legumain Size-tunable Enhanced retention Stimulus-responsive Nanomedicine

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