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Interconnection of cellular autophagy and endosomal vesicle trafficking and its role in hepatitis B virus replication and release

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第1期39卷 24-30页

作者： jia li Yong lin Xueyu Wang Mengji Lu Institute for Virology University Hospital EssenUniversity of Duisburg-EssenEssen45122Germany Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases(Chinese Ministry of Education) Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China The Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310000China

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)produces and releases various particle types,including complete virions,subviral particles with envelope proteins,and naked *** studies demonstrate that HBV exploits distinct intracellular membrane trafficking pathways,including the endosomal vesicle trafficking and autophagy pathway,to assemble and release viral and subviral ***,we summarize the findings about the distinct roles of autophagy and endosomal membrane trafficking and the interaction of both pathways in HBV replication,assembly,and release.

关键词： Amphisome Autophagy Endosomal vesicle Hepatitis B virus(HBV)

Rapid chemical recycling of waste polyester plastics catalyzed by recyclable catalyst

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Green Chemical Engineering 2024年第2期5卷 257-265页

作者： Yu-Ji Luo jia-Yin Sun Zhi li School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai201210China

Waste plastics are serious environmental threats due to their low degradability and low recycling *** and efficient waste plastics recycling technologies are urgently demanded for a sustainable ***,we report a rapid,closed-loop,and streamlined process to convert polyesters such as poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET)back to its purified *** trifluoromethanesulfonic acid or metal triflates as the recyclable catalyst,polyesters such as PET can be completely depolymerized by simple carboxylic acids within 1 *** coupling this acidolysis with a subsequent hydrogenolysis process,the consumed carboxylic acid was recovered and the closed-loop of PET depolymerization could be *** catalysts and depolymerization agents are fully recycled while only PET and hydrogen are consumed.

关键词： Chemical recycling Waste polyester plastics Acidolysis Recyclable catalyst

Impact of next-generation sequencing on antimicrobial treatment in immunocompromised adults with suspected infections

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第2期15卷 105-110页

作者： jia li jiazhen Luo Tao Hu ling Cheng Weiwei Shang li Yan Department of Intensive Care Unit Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Department of Emergency Medicine Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Department of Geriatrics Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

BACKGROUND:Prompt pathogen identification can have a substantial impact on the optimization of antimicrobial *** objective of the study was to assess the diagnostic value of next-generation sequencing(NGS)for identifying pathogen and its clinical impact on antimicrobial intervention in immunocompromised patients with suspected ***:This was a retrospective *** January and August 2020,47 adult immunocompromised patients underwent NGS testing under the following clinical conditions:1)prolonged fever and negative conventional cultures;2)new-onset fever despite empiric antimicrobial treatment;and 3)afebrile with suspected infections on *** data,including conventional microbial test results and antimicrobial treatment before and after NGS,were *** were analyzed according to documented changes in antimicrobial treatment(escalated,no change,or deescalated)after the NGS ***:The median time from hospitalization to NGS sampling was 19 *** relevant pathogens were detected via NGS in 61.7% of patients(29/47),more than half of whom suffered from fungemia(n=17),resulting in an antimicrobial escalation in 53.2% of patients(25/47)and antimicrobial de-escalation in 0.2% of patients(1/47).Antimicrobial changes were mostly due to the identification of fastidious organisms such as Legionella,Pneumocystis jirovecii,and *** the remaining three cases,NGS detected clinically relevant pathogens also detected by conventional cultures a few days *** antimicrobial treatment was subsequently adjusted according to the susceptibility test ***,NGS changed antimicrobial management in 55.3%(26/47)of patients,and conventional culture detected clinically relevant pathogens in 14.9% of the patients(7/47).CONCLUSION:With its rapid identification and high sensitivity,NGS could be a promising tool for identifying relevant pathogens and enabling rapid appropriate treatment in immunocompromised patients w

关键词： Immunocompromised patients Next-generation sequencing Antimicrobial management

Optical and electrical anisotropy regulation engineering of low-dimensional materials toward polarized detection and imaging applications

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 2968-2993页

作者： jian-Bin Zhang nan Zhou li-Hui Zhang Cong-Hui Shang jia-Xuan li Yi Zhao Guo-Hui jia Ru-Sen Yang Hua Xu Xiao-Bo li Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene Shaanxi Key Laboratory of High-Orbits-Electron Materials and Protection Technology for AerospaceShaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of GrapheneSchool of Advanced Materials and NanotechnologyXidian University Guangzhou Institute of Technology Xidian University Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. Ltd Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of EducationShaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal University

Polarized-sensitive image sensors are a kind of photodetector with great development potential due to their enhanced ability to detect and identify the target objects from the aspect of spatial,spectral and polarized ***,low-dimensional anisotropic materials with inherent anisotropic properties,ultrathin thickness,tunable bandgap and feasible integration with complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS) fabrication processes have attracted great interest for their facilitation of polarized photodetector devices *** the polarized detection performance of low-dimensional materials to satisfy realistic needs stimulates the exploration of modulation of anisotropic *** this review,we comprehensively introduce the latest research progress in modulating the optical and optoelectronic anisotropy characteristics of low-dimensional *** strategy of anisotropy regulation through crystal structure engineering and coupling system is discussed ***,the latest progress in image recognition applications using anisotropic low-dimensional materials is reviewed in ***,we summarize the challenge and propose future opportunities in the practical application of polarized-sensitive imaging photodetectors based on low-dimensional anisotropic materials.

关键词： Anisotropy Polarized detection Image recognition Low-dimensional materials

Variability of urban fractional vegetation cover and its driving factors in 328 cities in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 466-482页

作者： Fei FENG Xin YANG Baoquan jia Xiaoting li Xianwen li Chengyang XU Kaicun WANG Research Centre of Urban Forestry Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland AdministrationBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China Research Institute of Forestry Chinese Academy of ForestryBeijing100091China School of Architecture Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Sino-French Institute for Earth System ScienceInstitute of Carbon NeutralityPeking UniversityBeijing100871China

Urban green space promotes the health of urban residents,enhances urban ecosystem biodiversity,mitigates environmental pollution,and attenuates urban heat island ***,urban vegetation cover is highly heterogeneous and difficult to *** this study,the variation of urban fractional vegetation cover(FVC)in 328 cities in China from 1990 to2022 was quantified based on Landsat satellite data at a 30-m *** was found that from 1990 to 2005,due to increases in building density and impervious surfaces in cities,the national mean urban vegetation cover decreased from 0.38 to ***2005,urban vegetation cover began to reverse,reaching 0.45 in *** increasing trend was most pronounced in newly built urban *** decrease in average urban vegetation cover before 2005 was mainly due to the expansion of low vegetation cover areas,while the increase in urban vegetation cover after 2005 manifested as the expansion of high vegetation cover *** reversal in the trend of urban vegetation cover change after 2004 is related to the gradual implementation of national policies requiring increased urban green space *** urban gross domestic product(GDP)showed the highest correlation with changes in urban vegetation *** large and medium-sized cities,the top three factors influencing vegetation cover were GDP,urban population,and ***,for cities in arid/semi-arid regions,changes in vegetation cover were more sensitive to climatic factors(such as precipitation).Although the urban vegetation cover in China has substantially increased in recent years,the urban green space in small-sized cities and in the old urban districts of large-sized cities still have room to improve.

关键词： Urban vegetation Urban vegetation cover Urbanization Remote sensing

A robust vector tracking loop structure based on potential bias analysis

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 405-420页

作者： Qiongqiong jia Yiran LUO Bing XU li-Ta HSU Renbiao WU Tianjin Key Lab for Advanced Signal Processing Civil Aviation University of ChinaTianjin 300300China Interdisciplinary Division of Aeronautical and Aviation Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University999077Hong KongChina Department of Geomatics Engineering University of CalgaryCalgary T2N1N4Canada

This paper proposes a robust vector tracking loop structure based on potential bias analysis. The influence of four kinds of biases on the existing two implementations of Vector Tracking Loops(VTLs) is illustrated by theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, and the following findings are obtained. Firstly, the initial user state bias leads to steady navigation solution bias in the relative VTL, while new measurements can eliminate it in the absolute VTL. Secondly, the initial code phase bias is transferred to the following navigation solutions in the relative VTL, while new measurements can eliminate it in the absolute VTL. Thirdly, the user state bias induced by erroneous navigation solution of VTLs can be eliminated by both of the two VTLs. Fourthly,the multipath/NLOS likely affects the two VTLs, and the induced tracking bias in the duration of the multipath/NLOS would decrease the performance of VTLs. Based on the above analysis,a robust VTL structure is proposed, where the absolute VTL is selected for its robustness to the two kinds of initialization biases;meanwhile, the instant bias detection and correction method is used to improve the performance of VTLs in the duration of the multipath/NLOS. Numerical simulations and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed robust VTL structure.

关键词： Global navigation Satellite System(GNSS) Vector Tracking Loop(VTL) Multipath Non-line-of-Sight(NLOS) Tracking bias propagation Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator(LASSO)

Glutamate oxidase-integrated biomimetic Fe_(3)O_(4) hybrids as cascade nanozymes for glutamate detection

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 192-200页

作者： Peikun li Yanchao Wang Xiuyan Luo Zixin Geng jiahui jia Ruirui Wang jiandong Cui Hongjie Bian Shiru jia State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation MicrobiologyMinistry of EducationTianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin300457China Sports Department Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhang050000China Research Center for Fermentation Engineering of Hebei College of Bioscience and BioengineeringHebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhang050000China

Herein,a new nanozyme/natural enzyme hybrid biosensor was established for ultrasensitive l-glutamic acid(L-Glu)*** Fe_(3)O_(4) nanoparticles with peroxidase-like activity and stability was used as a nanozyme and carrier for immobilizing l-Glutamate oxidase(GLOD)through Schiffff base reaction to construct a chem-enzyme cascade *** resultant Fe_(3)O_(4)-GOLD exhibited a wide linear range(10−500μM)and a low detection limit of 6.03μM for L-Glu ***,the Fe_(3)O_(4)-GOLD exhibited excellent pH stability,thermal stability,reusability and storage *** repeated nine cycles,Fe_(3)O_(4)-GOLD still retained 70%of its initial ***,Fe_(3)O_(4)-GOLD maintained 50%of its initial activity after storage for 20 days,while free GLOD only retained 20%of its initial *** strategy of integrating biomimetic Fe 3 O4 and natural enzymes for cascade catalysis makes it possible to design an efficient and stable chemo-enzyme composite catalysts,which are promising for applications in biosensing and biomimetic catalysis.

关键词： Fe_(3)O_(4) nanozyme GLOD Chemo-enzymes Glutamate detection

Parsing Objects at a Finer Granularity: A Survey

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第3期21卷 431-451页

作者： Yifan Zhao jia li Yonghong Tian School of Computer Science Peking UniversityBeijing100871China State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing100191China

Fine-grained visual parsing, including fine-grained part segmentation and fine-grained object recognition, has attracted considerable critical attention due to its importance in many real-world applications, e.g., agriculture, remote sensing, and space technologies. Predominant research efforts tackle these fine-grained sub-tasks following different paradigms, while the inherent relations between these tasks are neglected. Moreover, given most of the research remains fragmented, we conduct an in-depth study of the advanced work from a new perspective of learning the part relationship. In this perspective, we first consolidate recent research and benchmark syntheses with new taxonomies. Based on this consolidation, we revisit the universal challenges in fine-grained part segmentation and recognition tasks and propose new solutions by part relationship learning for these important challenges. Furthermore, we conclude several promising lines of research in fine-grained visual parsing for future research.

关键词： Finer granularity visual parsing part segmentation fine-grained object recognition part relationship

A direct electrochemical biosensor for rapid glucose detection based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2184-2192页

作者： Lan-Lan li Yu Zhao li-jia Pan jian-Bin Xu Yi Shi College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450002China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing210093China Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of HongKongHongkong 999077China

Given the increasing number of diabetic patients,rapid and accurate detection of glucose in body fluids is *** study developed a direct electrochemical biosensor for glucose based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages(NCNCs).NCNCs possess a large specific surface area of 1395 m^(2)·g^(-1),a high N atomic content of 9.37%and good biocompatibility,which is favorable for enzyme loading and electron *** surface average concentration of electroactive glucose oxidase on NCNCs was 2.82×10^(-10)mol·cm^(-2).The NCNC-based direct electrochemical biosensor exhibited a high sensitivity of 13.7μA·(mmol·L^(-1))^(-1)·cm^(-2),rapid response time of 5 s and an impressive electron-transferrate constant(ks)of 1.87 s^(-1).Furthermore,we investigated an NCNC-based direct electron transfer(DET)biosensor for sweat glucose detection,which demonstrated tremendous promise for non-invasive wearable diabetes diagnosis.

关键词： Direct electron transfer(DET) Nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages(NCNCs) Glucose oxidase Biosensor