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Structural engineered living materials

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 715-733页

作者： Yang Geng Zian jia.ling li 635 Prices Fork Road Department of Mechanical EngineeringVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburg VA24061USA

Biological structural materials not only exhibit remarkable mechanical properties but also often embody dynamic characteristics such as environmental responsiveness,autonomy,and self-healing,which are difficult to achieve in conventional engineering *** merging materials science,synthetic biology,and other disciplines,engineered living materials(ELMs)provide a promising solution to combine living organisms with abiotic components,thus facilitating the construction of functional“living”*** natural materials,ELMs possess vitality and hold immense application potential in areas such as medicine,electronics,and construction,captivating increasing research attention *** an emerging branch of ELMs,structural ELMs aim to mimic living biological structural materials by achieving desired mechanical performance while maintaining important“living”*** we summarize the recent progress and provide our perspectives for this emerging research *** first summarize the superiority of structural ELMs by reviewing biological structural materials and biomimetic material design ***,we provide a systematic discussion on the definition and classifications of structural ELMs,their mechanical performance,and physiological ***,we summarize some critical challenges faced by structural ELMs and highlight directions of future *** hope this review article can provide a timely summary of the state of the art and relevant perspectives for future development of structural ELMs.

关键词： structural materials engineered living materials(ELMs) structural ELMs composites mechanical properties

Constrained reinforcement learning with statewise projection: a control barrier function approach

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 136-154页

作者： Xinze JIN Kuo li Qingshan jia Department of Automation Tsinghua University

Safety is a critical issue for reinforcement learning(RL), as it may be risky for some actual applications if the learning process involves unsafe exploration. Instead of formulating constraints as expectationbased in constrained RL, considering statewise safety in constrained RL is more meaningful. This work aims to address the issue of safe projection in RL by introducing a control barrier function that inherently learns a safe policy through a set certificate. We seek to analyze some theoretical properties of safe projection in the learning process, including convergence and performance bound, and extend the discussion into ensembles and guided controllers. Moreover, we approach analytical solutions for deterministic and stochastic system dynamics. Experimental results in different tasks show that the proposed method achieves better effects in terms of both performance and safety.

关键词： reinforcement learning safe projection control barrier function

Deep learning for code generation: a survey

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第9期67卷 5-40页

作者： Huangzhao ZHANG Kechi ZHANG Zhuo li jia.li jia.li Yongmin li Yunfei ZHAO Yuqi ZHU Fang liU Ge li Zhi JIN Key Lab of High Confidence Software Technologies (Peking University) Ministry of Education School of Computer Science Peking University School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University

In the past decade, thanks to the powerfulness of deep-learning techniques, we have witnessed a whole new era of automated code generation. To sort out developments, we have conducted a comprehensive review of solutions to deep learning-based code generation. In this survey, we generally formalize the pipeline and procedure of code generation and categorize existing solutions according to taxonomy from perspectives of architecture, model-agnostic enhancing strategy, metrics, and tasks. In addition, we outline the challenges faced by current dominant large models and list several plausible directions for future research. We hope that this survey may provide handy guidance to understanding, utilizing, and developing deep learning-based code-generation techniques for researchers and practitioners.

关键词： code generation automated software engineering deep learning large model artificial intelligence

Parsing Objects at a Finer Granularity: A Survey

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第3期21卷 431-451页

作者： Yifan Zhao jia.li Yonghong Tian School of Computer Science Peking UniversityBeijing100871China State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing100191China

Fine-grained visual parsing, including fine-grained part segmentation and fine-grained object recognition, has attracted considerable critical attention due to its importance in many real-world applications, e.g., agriculture, remote sensing, and space technologies. Predominant research efforts tackle these fine-grained sub-tasks following different paradigms, while the inherent relations between these tasks are neglected. Moreover, given most of the research remains fragmented, we conduct an in-depth study of the advanced work from a new perspective of learning the part relationship. In this perspective, we first consolidate recent research and benchmark syntheses with new taxonomies. Based on this consolidation, we revisit the universal challenges in fine-grained part segmentation and recognition tasks and propose new solutions by part relationship learning for these important challenges. Furthermore, we conclude several promising lines of research in fine-grained visual parsing for future research.

关键词： Finer granularity visual parsing part segmentation fine-grained object recognition part relationship

A Review on Flow Boiling of the Fluid with Lower Boiling Point in Micro-Channels

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 1-17页

作者： ZHANG Zhiqiang jia.li DANG Chao Beijing Key Laboratory of Flow and Heat Transfer of Phase Changing in Micro and Small Scale School of MechanicalElectronic and Control EngineeringBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

With the advancement of micro machining technology,the high-heat-flux removal from miniature electronic devices and components has become an attractive *** boiling in micro-channels is an optimal form of heat transfer and has been widely employed in high-heat-flux cooling *** comprehensively-reviewed article focused on the available recent literatures of experimental investigation regarding the flow boiling heat transfer and unstable behaviors of the fluid with lower boiling point in *** thermal-fluid characteristics and potential heat transfer mechanisms of low-boiling-point fluids flow boiling in different narrow passages were summarized and *** literatures regarding the pressure drop and occurrence of the unstable phenomena existing in two-phase flow boiling process were also *** emphasis was given to the heat transfer enhancement methods as well as instability elimination,and various methods such as modification of surface and channel flow geometries were *** future researches in the field of micro-scale flow boiling were suggested.

关键词： flow boiling lower boiling point fluids mini/micro-channels instabilities enhancement suppression

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Tailoring microenvironment for efficient CO_(2)electroreduction through nanoconfinement strategy

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 7880-7899页

作者： Lulu Chen Minhan li jia.Nan Zhang Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Catalytic and Functional Materials Preparation Country College of Materials Science and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

The electrocatalytic conversion of CO_(2)to produce fuels and chemicals holds great promise,not only to provide an alternative to fossil feedstocks,but also to use renewable electricity to convert and recycle the greenhouse gas CO_(2)to mitigate climate ***,the selectivity and reaction rates for the conversion of CO_(2)into desirable carbon-based products,especially multicarbon products with high added value,are still insufficient for commercial applications,which is attributed to insufficiently favourable microenvironmental conditions in the vicinity of the *** construction of catalysts/electrodes with confined structures can effectively improve the reaction microenvironment in the vicinity of the electrodes and thus effectively direct the reaction towards the desired *** this review,we firstly introduce the effects of the microenvironment at the electrode-electrolyte interface including local pH,local intermediate concentration,and local cation concentration on CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)as well as the mechanism of action,and then shed light on the microenvironmental modulation within the confined space,and finally and most importantly,introduce the design strategy of CO_(2)RR catalyst/electrode based on the confinement effect.

关键词： CO_(2)reduction reaction microenvironment confinement effect catalyst design

Anti-OX40 Antibody Combined with HBc VLPs Delays Tumor Growth in a Mouse Colon Cancer Model

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期37卷 187-195页

作者： liU jia.jia.SU Qiu Dong YI Yao SHEN li Ping BI Sheng li National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

Objective Combination immunotherapy strategies targeting OX40,a co-stimulatory molecule that can enhance antitumor immunity by modulating the proliferation,differentiation,and effector function of tumor-infiltrating T cells,have attracted much attention for their excellent therapeutic *** this study,we aimed to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of combined anti-OX40 and hepatitis B core viruslike particles(HBc VLPs)therapy using a mouse colon cancer *** Humanized B-h OX40 mice were injected subcutaneously with MC38 colon tumor cells and treated with HBc VLPs+anti-h OX40 *** growth was *** cytometric analysis was performed to evaluate the populations of T cell subsets in the *** The combination of anti-OX40 with HBc VLPs resulted in a significant delay in tumor growth,suggesting that a potent antitumor immunity was induced by the combination *** studies revealed that HBc VLPs+anti-OX40 treatment induced a significant increase in effector T cells(Teffs)and a significant decrease in regulatory T cells(Tregs)in the tumor microenvironment(TME),which accounted for the synergistic antitumor effect of anti-OX40 in combination with HBc *** Combination therapy of anti-h OX40 and HBc VLPs provides synergistic antitumor activity in colon cancer-bearing mice,which may represent a potential design strategy for cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： Anti-OX40 antibody Hepatitis B core virus-like particles Tumor Combination therapy

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Accurate Analysis of Multi-Mode Interferometric Optical Fiber Sensor

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Photonic Sensors 2024年第1期14卷 48-58页

作者： lijun li Congying jia.Qian MA Tianzong XU College of Electronic and Information Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590.China State Key Laboratory of Mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-Founded by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology Qingdao 266590China

In view of the problem that the sensing characteristics of the multi-mode interferometric fiber sensors cannot be accurately analyzed,an analysis method based on the fast Fourier transform(FFT)and inverse fast Fourier transform(IFFT)is proposed and demonstrated theoretically and *** suitabilities of the rectangular window function with the narrow main lobe(high spectrum resolution)and low side lobe(high main mode energy leakage)and the Hanning window function with the wide main lobe(low spectrum resolution)and high side lobe(high energy concentration)in this kind of sensor analysis are discussed,*** method can not only realize the sensing performance analysis of the various modes,but also overcome the inconsistency of the different interference wavelength(dip)sensing characteristics in the conventional analysis *** the same time,this method is also beneficial to solve the repetitive problem of such sensors.

关键词： Window function FFT optical fiber interferometric sensor analysis method

Origin and evolution of false brinelling and fretting corrosion under rolling conditions

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 618-631页

作者： Xin jia.Lu HUANG Miao SUN Wenbin li National Institute of Metrology Beijing 100029China Yantai Tiancheng Machinery Co. Ltd.Yantai 264006China

Rolling bearings working in oscillating applications often suffer from false brinelling and fretting corrosion that limit their service *** present,the study of oscillation-induced failures is primarily dominated by a large number of sliding and bench ***,most of the previous work are not able to fully describe the two closely related but different failure *** this study,the origin and evolution of the two failures are thoroughly investigated under strictly controlled oscillating rolling *** results show that failure evolves from false brinelling to fretting corrosion under dry friction conditions regardless of the oscillation *** process is accompanied by a large area peeling and serious oxidation,and the oxygen content increases from 2.50 wt%to 21.22 wt%.Oxidation is a crucial factor in the evolution of false brinelling into fretting ***,the distribution of microwear and oxygen content depend on the oscillation *** lubrication conditions,the friction coefficient(COF)is smaller in the initial stage and led to local slip or transient instability of rolling ***,the size of the wear marks and COF increased and appeared to be larger than those under a dry friction ***,grease can separate the contact surfaces,only surface deformation owing to false brinelling and slight damage at the roughness level *** evolution of false brinelling and fretting corrosion is also closely related to residual *** brinelling often occurrs with residual stress accomulation,meanwhile,the residual stress increases from 120 to 300 *** peeling occurs,residual stress is *** failure pattern transformed from false brinelling to fretting corrosion and is accompanied by *** far,none of investigation is able to show satisfactory evolution of oscillating-induced failures,this study may contribute to more scientific understanding of rolling bearings against long-

关键词： oscillating false brinelling fretting corrosion wear residual stress