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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2202-2211页

作者： Chika f.jii charles f.Zorumski Yukitoshi Izumi Department of.Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylor f.mily Institute f.r Innovative Psychiatric Research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

The etiological f.ctors contributing to depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders are largely undef.ned. Endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways and autophagy are well-def.ned mechanisms that play critical f.nctions in recognizing and resolving cellular stress and are possible targets f.r the pathophysiology and treatment of.psychiatric and neurologic illnesses. An increasing number of.studies indicate the involvement of.endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in the control of.neuroinf.ammation, a contributing f.ctor to multiple neuropsychiatric illnesses. Initial inf.ammatory triggers induce endoplasmic reticulum stress, leading to neuroinf.ammatory responses. Subsequently, induction of.autophagy by neurosteroids and other signaling pathways that converge on autophagy induction are thought to participate in resolving neuroinf.ammation. The aim of.this review is to summarize our current understanding of.the molecular mechanisms governing the induction of.endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and neuroinf.ammation in the central nervous system. Studies f.cused on innate immune f.ctors, including neurosteroids with anti-inf.ammatory roles will be reviewed. In the context of.depression, animal models that led to our current understanding of.molecular mechanisms underlying depression will be highlighted, including the roles of.sigma 1 receptors and pharmacological agents that dampen endoplasmic reticulum stress and associated neuroinf.ammation.

关键词： allopregnanolone f.uvoxamine ketamine neurosteroids postpartum depression quercetin

Glyphosate as a direct or indirect activator of.pro-inf.ammatory signaling and cognitive impairment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2212-2218页

作者： Yukitoshi Izumi Kazuko A.O'Dell charles f.Zorumski Department of.Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylor f.mily Institute f.r Innovative Psychiatric Research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Glyphosate-based herbicides are widely used around the world, making it likely that most humans have signif.cant exposure. Because of.habitual exposure, there are concerns about toxicity including neurotoxicity that could result in neurological, psychiatric, or cognitive impairment. We recently f.und that a single injection of.glyphosate inhibits long-term potentiation, a cellular model of.learning and memory, in rat hippocampal slices dissected 1 day af.er injection, indicating that glyphosate-based herbicides can alter cognitive f.nction. Glyphosate-based herbicides could adversely af.ect cognitive f.nction either indirectly and/or directly. Indirectly, glyphosate could af.ect gut microbiota, and if.dysbiosis results in endotoxemia(leaky gut), inf.ltrated bacterial by-products such as lipopolysaccharides could activate pro-inf.ammatory cascades. Glyphosate can also directly trigger pro-inf.ammatory cascades. Indeed, we observed that acute glyphosate exposure inhibits long-term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices. Interestingly, direct inhibition of.long-term potentiation by glyphosate appears to be similar to that of.lipopolysaccharides. There are several possible measures to control dysbiosis and neuroinf.ammation caused by glyphosate. Dietary intake of.polyphenols, such as quercetin, which overcome the inhibitory ef.ect of.glyphosate on long-term potentiation, could be one ef.ective strategy. The aim of.this narrative review is to discuss possible mechanisms underlying neurotoxicity f.llowing glyphosate exposure as a means to identif. potential treatments.

关键词： cognitive impairment glyphosate microglia neuroinf.ammation roundup toll-like receptor 4 zinc chelation

New evidence f.r the epigenetic regulation of.skeletal stem cells

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2004-2006页

作者： Liming Zhao Jun Xiao charles K.f.Chan Institute f.r Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Stanford University School of MedicineStanford CA 94305USA Department of.Surgery Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanford CA 94305USA Department of.Orthopaedic Surgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Skeletal stem cells(SSCs)are crucial f.r skeletal development and regeneration,yet the epigenetic regulation of.these cells remains poorly *** studies have delineated the epigenetic landscape across the developmental trajectory of.SSCs,highlighting the involvement of.Ptip in regulating SSC *** skeletal system undergoes dynamic remodeling throughout *** stem cells(SSCs),residing within the skeleton and lineage-restricted,serve as a cellular reserve to f.ster development and maintain skeletal *** categorized within the broader mesenchymal stromal/stem cells(MSCs).

关键词： skeletal involvement maintain

Applying Earth Observation Technologies to Economic Consequence Modeling:A Case Study of.COVID‑19 in Los Angeles County,Calif.rnia

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International Journal of.Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 18-31页

作者： f.nnwin Prager Marina T.Mendoza charles K.Huyck Adam Rose Paul Amyx Gregory Yetman Kristy f.Tiampo Calif.rnia State University Dominguez HillsCarsonCA 90747USA ImageCat Inc.Long BeachCA 90802USA University of.Southern Calif.rnia Los AngelesCA 90015USA CIESIN–Center f.r International Earth Science Inf.rmation Network Columbia UniversityPalisadesNY 10964USA Cooperative Institute f.r Research in Environmental Sciences(CIRES) University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80309USA

Earth observation(EO) technologies,such as very high-resolution optical satellite data available f.om Maxar,can enhance economic consequence modeling of.disasters by capturing the f.ne-grained and real-time behavioral responses of.businesses and the *** investigated this unique approach to economic consequence modeling to determine whether crowd-sourced interpretations of.EO data can be used to illuminate key economic behavioral responses that could be used f.r computable general equilibrium modeling of.supply chain repercussions and resilience *** applied our methodology to the COVID-19 pandemic experience in Los Angeles County,Calif.rnia as a case *** also proposed a dynamic adjustment approach to account f.r the changing character of.EO through longer-term disasters in the economic modeling *** f.und that despite limitations,EO data can increase sectoral and temporal resolution,which leads to signif.cant dif.erences f.om other data sources in terms of.direct and total impact *** f.ndings f.om this analytical approach have important implications f.r economic consequence modeling of.disasters,as well as providing usef.l inf.rmation to policymakers and emergency managers,whose goal is to reduce disaster costs and to improve economic resilience.

关键词： Computable general equilibrium models COVID-19 Disaster economic impacts Earth observation Economic consequence analysis Los Angeles County

Recent development and challenges in enhancing f.re perf.rmance on wood and wood-based composites:A 10-year review f.om 2012 to 2021

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Journal of.Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第1期9卷 27-42页

作者： charles Michael Albert Kang Chiang Liew f.culty of.Tropical f.restry Universiti Malaysia SabahKota Kinabalu 88400Kota KinabaluSabah 88400Malaysia

Due to their durability,versatility,and aesthetic value,wood and wood-based composites are widely used as building *** f.ct that these materials are f.ammable,however,raises a major worry since they might cause f.re hazards and signif.cant loss of.lif. and *** article investigates the variables that af.ect f.re perf.rmance as well as the various f.re-retardant treatments and their *** current developments and challenges in improving the f.re perf.rmance of.wood and wood-based composites treated with f.re-retardant materials are summarized in this ***,organic chemicals,and densif.cation are some recent developments in f.re-retardant treatments that are also *** points f.om the review are summarized,along with potential areas f.r f.rther research and development.

关键词： f.re perf.rmance f.re-retardant materials Wood Wood-based composite Nanoparticles coating Surf.ce charring Bio-based f.re retardant Densif.cation

Historic,pre-stock enhancement,demographic conditions of.exploited populations of.dusky f.athead,Platycephalus f.scus,in eastern Australia

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Aquaculture and f.sheries 2024年第2期9卷 314-323页

作者： charles A.Gray Wildf.sh Research Grays PointSydney2232Australia

Responsible stock enhancement initiatives require baseline data of.wild population demographic conditions that can be used in testing management *** study provides the f.rst f.shery-independent assessment of.length-and age-based biological characteristics of.exploited populations of.Platycephalus f.scus in eastern Australia prior to stock *** was conducted over seven estuaries spanning seven degrees of.latitude and the geographical range of.proposed stock *** in all estuaries showed evidence of.length and age truncation,especially those subject to commercial f.sheries where young individuals of.both sexes dominated *** longevities were 12 and 11 years f.r f.males and males respectively,but f.w f.males>5 years and males>3 years were generally *** dominated populations,and on average,the mean lengths and ages of.f.males were greater than males within each estuary and across all age *** dimorphic variation in growth was evident across all estuaries,with f.males attaining greater maximum lengths than ***-specif.c dif.erences in individual growth were not *** average,over 50%of.f.males sampled in each estuary were>the minimum legal length(MLL),but the opposite was evident f.r *** contrast,over 25%of.males in each estuary were>the mean length at maturity(L50),whereas in all but one estuaryf.the f.males were>the *** male and f.male *** should recruit to the f.shery in 2 and 3 years,and contribute to the spawning stock in 1.5 and 4.5 years,*** study provides important historical baseline data that can contribute to testing stock enhancement outcomes on populations.

关键词： Baseline data f.shery enhancement Management evaluation Platycephalidae Recreational f.shing Restocking Stock assessment

Two-Stream Approximation to the Radiative Transf.r Equation:A New Improvement and Comparative Accuracy with Existing Methods

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 278-292页

作者： f.Momo TEMGOUA L.Akana NGUIMDO DNJOMO Environmental Energy Technologies Laboratory(EETL) Faculty of SciencesUniversity of YaoundéPO Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Department of.Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of BueaPO Box 63 BueaCameroon

Mathematical modeling of.the interaction between solar radiation and the Earth's atmosphere is f.rmalized by the radiative transf.r equation(RTE), whose resolution calls f.r two-stream approximations among other methods. This paper proposes a new two-stream approximation of.the RTE with the development of.the phase f.nction and the intensity into a third-order series of.Legendre polynomials. This new approach, which adds one more term in the expression of.the intensity and the phase f.nction, allows in the conditions of.a plane parallel atmosphere a new mathematical f.rmulation of.γparameters. It is then compared to the Eddington, Hemispheric Constant, Quadrature, Combined Delta f.nction and Modif.ed Eddington, and second-order approximation methods with ref.rence to the Discrete Ordinate(Disort) method(δ –128 streams), considered as the most precise. This work also determines the conversion f.nction of.the proposed New Method using the f.ndamental def.nition of.two-stream approximation(f.TSA) developed in a previous work. Notably,New Method has generally better precision compared to the second-order approximation and Hemispheric Constant methods. Compared to the Quadrature and Eddington methods, New Method shows very good precision f.r wide domains of.the zenith angle μ 0, but tends to deviate f.om the Disort method with the zenith angle, especially f.r high values of.optical thickness. In spite of.this divergence in ref.ectance f.r high values of.optical thickness, very strong correlation with the Disort method(R ≈ 1) was obtained f.r most cases of.optical thickness in this study. An analysis of.the Legendre polynomial series f.r simple f.nctions shows that the high precision is due to the f.ct that the approximated f.nctions ameliorate the accuracy when the order of.approximation increases, although it has been proven that there is a limit order depending on the f.nction f.om which the precision is lost. This observation indicates that increasing the order of.app

关键词： Radiative Transf.r Equation two-stream method Legendre polynomial optical thickness moments of.specif.c intensity conversion f.nction transmittance ref.ectance

f.nction and dysf.nction of.GEMIN5:understanding a novel neurodevelopmental disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2377-2386页

作者： charles H.Nelson Udai B.Pandey Department of.Pediatrics Division of Child NeurologyChildren’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA Children’s Neuroscience Institute Children’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA

The recent identif.cation of.a neurodevelopmental disorder with cerebellar atrophy and motor dysf.nction(NEDCAM)has resulted in an increased interest in GEMIN5,a multif.nction RNA-binding *** the largest member of.the survival motor neuron complex,GEMIN5 plays a key role in the biogenesis of.small nuclear ribonucleoproteins while also exhibiting translational regulatory f.nctions as an independent *** many questions remain regarding both the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of.this new disorder,considerable progress has been made in the brief.time since its *** this review,we examine GEMIN5 within the context of.NEDCAM,f.cusing on the structure,f.nction,and expression of.the protein specif.cally in regard to the disorder ***,we explore the current animal models of.NEDCAM,as well as potential molecular pathways f.r treatment and f.ture directions of.*** review provides a comprehensive overview of.recent advances in our understanding of.this unique member of.the survival motor neuron complex.

关键词： cerebellar atrophy GEMIN5 neurodevelopmental disorder neurological disease SMN complex

NRf. signaling cascade in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:bridging the gap between promise and reality

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 1006-1012页

作者： Pauline Tarot Christelle Lasbleiz Jean-charles Liévens MMDN Univ MontpellierEPHEINSERMMontpellierFrance CNRS ParisFranceEPHEINSERMMontpellierFrance

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a very disabling disease due to the degeneration of.motor *** include muscle weakness and atrophy,spasticity,and progressive ***,there is no treatment to reverse damage to motor neurons and cure amyotrophic lateral *** only two treatments actually approved,riluzole and edaravone,have shown mitigated benef.cial *** dif.iculty to f.nd a cure lies in the complexity and multif.ceted pattern of.amyotrophic lateral sclerosis *** mechanisms,abnormal RNA metabolism,nucleocytoplasmic transport def.cts,accumulation of.unf.lded protein,and mitochondrial dysf.nction would in f.ne induce oxidative damage and vice versa.A potent therapeutic strategy will be to f.nd molecules that break this vicious *** the nuclear f.ctor erythroid-2 related f.ctor 2 signaling may f.lf.ll this objective since nuclear f.ctor erythroid-2 related f.ctor 2 has a multitarget prof.le controlling antioxidant def.nse,mitochondrial f.nctioning,and *** here discuss the interest of.developing nuclear f.ctor erythroid-2 related f.ctor 2-based therapy in regard to the pathophysiological mechanisms and we provide a general overview of.the attempted clinical assays in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis C9orf.2 NRf. oxidative def.nse oxidative stress sulf.raphane superoxide dismutase 1 TDP43