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A new paradigm for diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases: peripheral exosomes of brain origin

Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 532-546页

作者： Neelam Younas leticia cam.la fernandez flores Franziska Hopfner Günter U.Höglinger Inga Zerr Prion Research Group Department of NeurologyNational Reference Center for Surveillance of TSEUniversitätsklinikum Göttingen:Universitätsmedizin GöttingenGeorg-August UniversityGöttingenGermanyRobert-Koch-Strasse 4037075 GöttingenGermany Hannover Medical School Medizinische Hochschule HannoverHannoverGermany German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases(DZNE) MunichGermany German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases(DZNE) GöttingenGermany.

Neurodegenerative diseases are a heterogeneous group of maladies, characterized by progressive loss of neurons. These diseases involve an intricate pattern of cross-talk between different types of cells to maintain specific signaling pathways. A component of such intercellular cross-talk is the exchange of various types of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Exosomes are a subset of EVs, which are increasingly being known for the role they play in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, e.g., synucleinopathies and tauopathies. The ability of the central nervous system exosomes to cross the blood-brain barrier into blood has generated enthusiasm in their study as potential biomarkers. However, the lack of standardized, efficient, and ultra-sensitive methods for the isolation and detection of brain-derived exosomes has hampered the development of effective biomarkers. Exosomes mirror heterogeneous biological changes that occur during the progression of these incurable illnesses, potentially offering a more comprehensive outlook of neurodegenerative disease diagnosis, progression and treatment. In this review, we aim to discuss the challenges and opportunities of peripheral biofluid-based brain-exosomes in the diagnosis and biomarker discovery of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. In the later part, we discuss the traditional and emerging methods used for the isolation of exosomes and compare their advantages and disadvantages in clinical settings.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Central nervous system Diagnosis Exosomes Blood-brain barrier Parkinson’s disease

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Risk assessment of chemical substances of safety concern generated in processed meats

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2019年第3期8卷 244-251页

作者： Monica flores leticia Mora Milagro Reig Fidel Toldra Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos(CSIC) Avenue Agustín Escardino 746980PaternaValenciaSpain Instituto de Ingeniería de Alimentos para el Desarrollo Universitat Politècnica de ValenciaCamino de vera s/n46022ValenciaSpain

This manuscript is reviewing the presence of substances of safety concern that may be generated in different types of meat *** substances include N-nitrosamines that can be generated under certain conditions when using nitrite as preservative,the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons generated as a consequence of particular smoking processes,heterocyclic aromatic amines generated under particular cooking conditions,compounds released from the oxidation of lipids and proteins,Maillard reaction products like acrylamide and carboxymethyl lysine,and amines that can be generated and accumulated in fermented *** hazardous compounds,their mechanisms of generation,risks for health and ways of preventing its presence in meat products are briefly described in this review.

关键词： Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Heterocyclic amines Nitrosamines Amino acids oxidation Lipids oxidation Maillard reaction products Biogenic amines

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Cutaneous Dengue Virus Inoculation Triggers Strong B Cell Reactions but Contrastingly Poor T Cell Responses

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Virologica Sinica 2020年第5期35卷 575-587页

作者： Edith Marcial-Juárez Julio García-Cordero Raúl Antonio Maqueda-Alfaro Rafael Eduardo Saucedo-López Luvia Enid Sánchez-Torres leticia Cedillo-Barrón Leopoldo flores-Romo Department of Cell Biology Center for Advanced Research(CINVESTAV-IPN)The National Polytechnic Institute07360 Mexico CityMexico Department of Molecular Biomedicine Center for Advanced Research(CINVESTAV-IPN)The National Polytechnic Institute07360 Mexico CityMexico Immunology Department The National School of Biological Sciences(ENCB-IPN)The National Polytechnic Institute11340 Mexico CityMexico

Dengue is a global health problem without current specific treatment nor safe vaccines *** severe dengue is related to pre-existing non-neutralizing dengue virus(DENV)antibodies,the role of T cells in protection or pathology is *** cutaneous DENV infection in immunocompetent mice we previously showed the generation of PNA+germinal centers(GCs),now we assessed the activation and proliferation of B and T cells in draining lymph nodes(DLNs).We found a drastic remodelling of DLN compartments from 7 to 14 days post-infection(dpi)with greatly enlarged B cell follicles,occupying almost half of the DLN area compared to*24%in na?ve *** clusters of proliferating(Ki-67+)cells inside B follicles were found 14 dpi,representing*33%of B cells in DLNs but only*2%in noninfected *** GCs,we noticed an important recruitment of tingle body macrophages removing apoptotic *** contrast,the percentage of paracortex area and total T cells decreased by 14–16 dpi,compared to *** randomly distributed Ki-67+T cells were found,similar to non-infected ***69 expression by CD4+and CD8+T cells was minor,while it was remarkable in B cells,representing 1764.7%of change from basal levels 3 *** apparent lack of T cell responses cannot be attributed to apoptosis since no significant differences were observed compared to noninfected *** study shows massive B cell activation and proliferation in DLNs upon DENV *** contrast,we found very poor,almost absent CD4+and CD8+T cell responses.

关键词： Dengue virus(DENV) B and T cells proliferation Lymphocyte activation Lymph nodes In vivo cutaneous infection Immunocompetent mice

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Influence of Inorganic Salts during the Photooxidative Process of Nitrobenzene

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2013年第4期2卷 267-275页

作者： Fernando Hernandez Aldana Antonio Rivera Miguel Angel Hernandez Eduardo Torres Tonahtiuh Rendon Teresa Zayas leticia flores Chemical Center-Environmental Chemistry BUAP Puebla 72570 Mexico Research Center for Microbial Sciences BUAP Puebla 72570 Mexico Zeolites Research Department BUAP Puebla 72570 Mexico Faculty of Chemical Engineering BUAP Puebla 72570 Mexico

Into the photooxidation process, several factors such as pH, time of irradiation, dose of UV light, lamp power, contaminant concentration, turbidity of the solution and the presence of salts can interfere with the photodegradation of pollutants. This research aims to evaluate the influence of salts： NaCl, MgCl2, CaCI2, BaC12, CuCl2, Na2SO4, MgSO4, MnSO4, FeSO4, CuSO4, Na3PO4, K2CrO4 and K2Cr207 in concentrations of 0.0005 M, 0.005 M and 0.05 M during photodegradation of aqueous solution of 59.5 mg/L of nitrobenzene at a pH of 2.5. It was observed that the presence of salts such as CuCI2, CuSO4, FeSO4, K2CrO4 and K2Cr207 interfere negatively in the system UV/H202 applied for degradation of nitrobenzene; possibly by oxidation of Fe2＋ to Fe3＋ and Cu＋ to Cu2＋ in the Cr case, due to the difficulty of transforming the Cr6＋ to Cr3＋ or because these solutions have color and act as radiation absorbing filter.

关键词： AOPs nitrobenzene photooxidation influence by salts.

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Effect of Microwave Power on the Zn2SnO4 Synthesis and Its Use for Photodegradation of Phenol

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2014年第8期8卷 794-799页

作者： Edson Luiz Foletto Marcio Antonio Mazutti Adriano Cancelier Erico Marion de Moraes flores Edson Irineu Muller leticia Severo Fagundes Pereira Osvaldo Chiavone-Filho Andre Gundel Department of Chemical Engineering Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria 97105-900 Brazil Department of Chemistry. Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria 97105-900 Brazil Department of Chemical Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal 59066-800 Brazil Department of Physics Federal University of Pampa Bage 96413-170 Brazil

Spinel structure Zn2SnO4 was successfully synthesized by microwave-assisted hydrothermal process. The effects of the microwave power on the formation and physical properties of the Zn2SnO4 particles are discussed. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and N2 adsorption. The results indicated that the microwave power had important influence on the formation of the spinel phase. The results also revealed that the physical properties of Zn2SnO4 particles did not change with the increase of the microwave power above 600 W, with 20 min of reaction time. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity of the Zn2SnO4 particles for the phenol degradation under sunlight was also investigated.

关键词： Zn2SnO4 zinc stannate synthesis microwave porous material photocatalysis.

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