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Structural and biomechanical characterizations of acellular porcine mitral valve scaffolds:anterior leaflets,posterior leaflets,and chordae tendineae

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Engineered Regeneration 2022年第4期3卷 374-386页

作者： Bo Wang leslie n.sierad Jeremy J.Mercuri Agneta Simionescu Dan T.Simionescu Lakiesha n.Williams Ryan Vela Pietro Bajona Matthias Peltz Sharan Ramaswamy Yi Hong Jun Liao Department of Bioengineering University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTX 76010United States Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering Medical College of Wisconsin and Marquette UniversityMilwaukeeWI 53226United States Department of Bioengineering Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Florida International UniversityMiamiFL 33174United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611United States Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75390United States Allegheny Health network-Drexel University College of Medicine PittsburghPA 15212United States

Mitral valve(MV)tissue engineering is still in its early stage,and one major challenge in MV tissue engineering is to identify appropriate scaffold *** the potential of acellular MV scaffolds being demonstrated recently,it is important to have a full understanding of the biomechanics of the native MV components and their acellular *** this study,we have successfully characterized the structural and mechanical properties of porcine MV components,including anterior leaflet(AL),posterior leaflet(PL),strut chordae,and basal chordae,before and after *** DnA assay showed more than 90%reduction in DnA content,and Griffonia simplicifolia(GS)lectin immunohistochemistry confirmed the complete lack of porcine𝛼-Gal antigen in the acellular MV *** the acellular AL and PL,the atrialis,spongiosa,and fibrosa trilayered structure,along with its ECM constitutes,i.e.,collagen fibers,elastin fibers,and portion of GAGs,were ***-theless,the ECM of both AL and PL experienced a certain degree of disruption,exhibiting a less dense,porous ECM *** overall anatomical morphology of the strut and basal chordae were also maintained af-ter decellularization,with longitudinal morphology experiencing minimum disruption,but the cross-sectional morphology exhibiting evenly-distributed porous *** the acellular AL and PL,the nonlinear anisotropic biaxial mechanical behavior was overall preserved;however,uniaxial tensile tests showed that the removal of cellular content and the disruption of structural ECM did result in small decreases in maximum tensile modulus,tissue extensibility,failure stress,and failure strain for both MV leaflets and chordae.

关键词： Mitral valve tissue engineering Heart valve biomechanics Valve leaflets Chordae tendineae Decellularization

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Recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic Research:The ARCPATH Project

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1559-1568页

作者： Astrid E.J.OGILVIE leslie A.KInG noel KEEnLYSIDE François COUnILLOn Brynhildur DAVIÐSDÓTTIR níels EInARSSOn Sergey GULEV Ke FAn Torben KOEnIGK James R.MCGOODWIn Marianne H.RASMUSSOn Shuting YAnG Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research(InSTAAR) University of ColoradoBoulder CO 80303USA Stefansson Arctic Institute AkureyriÍS-600Iceland Royal Roads University BC V9B 5Y2Canada University of Bergen Bergen N-5007Norway nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Centre Bergen N-5007Norway University of Iceland Reykjavík 102Iceland Shirshov Institute of Oceanology Moscow 117218Russia Moscow State University Moscow 11991Russia Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100045China Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute SE-60176 NorrköpingSweden Danish Meteorological Institute CopenhagenØ2100Denmark Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS119017MoscowRussia

This paper celebrates Professor Yongqi GAO's significant achievement in the field of interdisciplinary studies within the context of his final research project Arctic Climate Predictions: Pathways to Resilient Sustainable Societies-ARCPATH(https://***/en/projects/finished-projects/arcpath). The disciplines represented in the project are related to climatology, anthropology, marine biology, economics, and the broad spectrum of social-ecological studies. Team members were drawn from the nordic countries, Russia, China, the United States, and Canada. The project was transdisciplinary as well as interdisciplinary as it included collaboration with local knowledge holders. ARCPATH made significant contributions to Arctic research through an improved understanding of the mechanisms that drive climate variability in the Arctic. In tandem with this research, a combination of historical investigations and social, economic, and marine biological fieldwork was carried out for the project study areas of Iceland, Greenland, norway, and the surrounding seas, with a focus on the joint use of ocean and sea-ice data as well as social-ecological drivers. ARCPATH was able to provide an improved framework for predicting the near-term variation of Arctic climate on spatial scales relevant to society, as well as evaluating possible related changes in socioeconomic realms. In summary, through the integration of information from several different disciplines and research approaches, ARCPATH served to create new and valuable knowledge on crucial issues, thus providing new pathways to action for Arctic communities.

关键词： Recent Ventures in Interdisciplinary Arctic Research:The ARCPATH Project

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Rigidity Symmetry Line for Thermodynamic Fluid Equations-of-State

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第5期15卷 613-633页

作者： leslie V. Woodcock Department of Physics University of Algarve Faro Portugal

We report progress towards a modern scientific description of thermodynamic properties of fluids following the discovery (in 2012) of a coexisting critical density hiatus and a supercritical mesophase defined by percolation transitions. The state functions density ρ(p,T), and Gibbs energy G(p,T), of fluids, e.g. CO2, H2O and argon exhibit a symmetry characterised by the rigidity, ω = (dp/dρ)T, between gaseous and liquid states along any isotherm from critical (Tc) to Boyle (TB) temperatures, on either side of the supercritical mesophase. Here, using experimental data for fluid argon, we investigate the low-density cluster physics description of an ideal dilute gas that obeys Dalton’s partial pressure law. Cluster expansions in powers of density relate to a supercritical liquid-phase rigidity symmetry (RS) line (ω = ρrs(T) = RT) to gas phase virial coefficients. We show that it is continuous in all derivatives, linear within stable fluid phase, and relates analytically to the Boyle-work line (BW) (w = (p/ρ)T = RT), and to percolation lines of gas (PB) and liquid (PA) phases by: ρBW(T) = 2ρPA(T) = 3ρPB(T) = 3ρRS(T)/2 for T TB. These simple relationships arise, because the higher virial coefficients (bn, n ≥ 4) cancel due to clustering equilibria, or become negligible at all temperatures (0 T TB) within the gas phase. The Boyle-work line (p/ρBW)T is related exactly at lower densities as T → TB, and accurately for liquid densities, by ρBW(T) = −(b2/b3)T. The RS line, ω(T) = RT, defines a new liquid-density ground-state physical constant (ρRS(0) = (2/3)ρBW(0) for argon). Given the gas-liquid rigidity symmetry, the entire thermodynamic state functions below TB are obtainable from b2(T). A BW

关键词： Liquid-State Theory Cluster Physics Percolation Lines Fluid Thermodynamics Boyle Line Rigidity-Symmetry Line

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Predictors of Fatal Outcome in Hospitalised Adult Patients with Acute Kidney Injury at Two Tertiary Hospitals in Sub-Saharan Africa

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Open Journal of nephrology 2024年第1期14卷 86-103页

作者： Denis Georges Teuwafeu Fombo Enjeh Jabbossung Maimouna Mahamat Eric Aristide nono Tomta Mbapah leslie Tasha Francois Kaze Folefack Gloria Ashuntantang Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Triad Research Fundation Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of nephrology Yaounde General Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Departement of nephrology Yauonde Teaching Hospital Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: Data on mortality in acute kidney injury (AKI) derives from high-income countries where AKI is hospital-acquired and occurs in elderly patients with a high burden of cardiovascular disease. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), AKI is community-acquired occurring in healthy young adults. We aimed to identify predictors of fatal outcomes in patients with AKI in two tertiary hospitals in Cameroon. Methods: Medical records of adults with confirmed AKI, from January 2018 to March 2020 were retrieved. The outcomes of interest were in-hospital deaths and presumed causes of death. We used multiple logistic regressions modeling to identify predictors of death. The study was approved by the ethics boards of both hospitals. Values were considered significant for a p-value of 0.05. Results: We included 285 patient records (37.2% females). The mean (SD) age was 50.1 (19.0) years. Hypertension (n = 97, 34.0%), organ failure (n = 88, 30.9%), and diabetes (n = 60, 21.1%) were the main comorbidities. The majority of patients had community-acquired AKI (78.6%, n = 224), were KDIGO stage 3 (88.8%, n = 253), and needed dialysis (52.6%, n = 150). Up to 16.7% (n = 25) did not receive what was needed. The in-hospital mortality rate was 29.1% (n = 83). Lack of access to dialysis (OR = 27.8;CI: 5.2 - 149.3, p = 0.001), hypotension (OR = 11.8;CI: 1.3 - 24.8;p = 0.001) and ICU admission (OR = 5.7;CI: 1.3 - 24.8, p = 0.001) were predictors of mortality. The presence of co-morbidities or underlying diseases (n = 46, 55%) were the main causes of death. Conclusions: In-hospital AKI mortality is high, as in other low- and middle-income economies. Lack of access to dialysis and the severity of the underlying illness are major predictors of death.

关键词： Predictors Fatal Outcome Acute Kidney Injury Tertiary Hospital

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风驰“电”掣,电动竞技赛车冲向未来

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工程(英文) 2023年第5期24卷 10-12,I0001页

作者： Mitch leslie Senior Technology Writer

John Metric was shocked the first time he drove his electric dragster,a modified 1984 Pontiac Fiero(Fig.1).Metric had swapped the car’s gasoline engine for two electric motors that could generate 1830 n·m of *** he ... 详细信息

关键词： accelerator engine gasoline

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Balanced and Unbalanced Components of Moist Atmospheric Flows with Phase Changes

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2019年第6期40卷 1005-1038页

作者： Alfredo n.WETZEL leslie M.SMITH Samuel n.STECHMAnn Jonathan E.MARTIn Department of Mathematics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Mathematics and Department of Engineering Physics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Mathematics and Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA

Atmospheric variables(temperature, velocity, etc.) are often decomposed into balanced and unbalanced components that represent low-frequency and high-frequency waves, respectively. Such decompositions can be defined, for instance, in terms of eigenmodes of a linear operator. Traditionally these decompositions ignore phase changes of water since phase changes create a piecewise-linear operator that differs in different phases(cloudy versus non-cloudy). Here we investigate the following question: How can a balanced–unbalanced decomposition be performed in the presence of phase changes? A method is described here motivated by the case of small Froude and Rossby numbers,in which case the asymptotic limit yields precipitating quasi-geostrophic equations with phase changes. Facilitated by its zero-frequency eigenvalue, the balanced component can be found by potential vorticity(PV) inversion, by solving an elliptic partial differential equation(PDE), which includes Heaviside discontinuities due to phase changes. The method is also compared with two simpler methods: one which neglects phase changes, and one which simply treats the raw pressure data as a streamfunction. Tests are shown for both synthetic, idealized data and data from Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model simulations. In comparisons, the phase-change method and no-phase-change method produce substantial differences within cloudy regions, of approximately 5K in potential temperature, due to the presence of clouds and phase changes in the data. A theoretical justification is also derived in the form of a elliptic PDE for the differences in the two streamfunctions.

关键词： Potential vorticity inversion Moist atmospheric dynamics Slow-fast systems Balanced-unbalanced decomposition Elliptic partial differential equations

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Analysis of Job Satisfaction of University Professors from nine Chinese Universities

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Frontiers of Education in China 2010年第3期5卷 430-449页

作者： Ping Du Manhong Lai leslie n.K.Lo Faculty of Education Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China The Department of Educational Administration and Policy The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Research on work life and job satisfaction of university professors is becoming an important research issue in the field of higher education. This study used questionnaires administered to 1 770 teachers from different levels, types, and academic fields of Chinese universities to investigate job satisfaction among university professors and the relationship between job satisfaction of university professors and the organizational characteristics of the university. The job satisfaction of Chinese university professors includes six dimensions: career development and school management, teaching and research services, salary, benefits and logistical services, professional reputation, teaching and research facilities, and the work itself. The overall job satisfaction levels are close to average, with salary and benefits receiving the lowest level of satisfaction. The organizational characteristics of universities, such as school type, school level, academic field, organizational climate, evaluation orientation, and school management, all have significant effects on the overall job satisfaction of university professors. The organizational climate and school level affect all six dimensions of job satisfaction among university professors.

关键词： job satisfaction university professors organizational characteristics organizational climate

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Teachers’Interpretations of the Ethical Dimensions of Teaching on the Chinese Mainland:A Case Study of Two Secondary Schools in Shanghai

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Frontiers of Education in China 2016年第2期11卷 165-186页

作者： WAnG Lijia Manhong LAI leslie n.K.LO Department of Education East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China Department of Educational Administration and Policy The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Center for Teacher Education Research Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

This paper highlights Chinese teachers’ethical concerns in their relationships with students,colleagues,and students’*** a qualitative study of 26 teachers,it was found that the teachers were often trapped in a dilemma between teaching to students’real development and teaching to the *** ethics of professional collaboration were compromised by the dominant norms,including interpersonal harmony and respect for older teachers,and by competition among individual teachers to demonstrate good ***,in a situation where parents’trust was diminishing,teachers assumed certain teaching and caring responsibilities for children from disadvantaged *** is suggested that the professionalization of teachers should provide them with more professional space to transform their ethical considerations into practice.

关键词： ethical dimensions of teaching teacher professionalism teacher professional development China

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Landscape of Scholarship on Principal Training in China from 1989 to 2008

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Frontiers of Education in China 2011年第3期6卷 342-360页

作者： Shuangye CHEn Yulian ZHEnG leslie n.K.LO Department of Educational Administration and Policy The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The past two decades have witnessed the great developments in principal training in *** on principal training in China is increasing in quantity and quality with its expanding *** purpose of this paper is to explore and analyze the changing landscape of scholarship on principal training in China by examining the quantity of publications,themes covered,methodological approaches and the status of articles published from 1989 to 2008,as listed in the Chinese Database of *** is the first serious academic effort to review and reflect on the Chinese scholarship of principal training and school leadership *** conclusion,suggestions are outlined for future development of this academic field in China.

关键词： principal training Chinese academic journals school leadership development

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寻找学术性与师范性融合的空间——高水平综合性大学发展教师教育的优化路径

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教育研究 2023年第2期44卷 150-159页

作者：张佳伟卢乃桂苏州大学师范学院苏州大学教育学院江苏苏州215301 北京师范大学教育学部北京100875

在现代教师教育体系下,高水平综合性大学成为高层次师范人才培养的重要来源。高水平综合性大学开展教师教育是国际教师教育体系发展的趋势,也是我国教师教育深化改革的新时代要求。以我国综合性大学发展教师教育的政策分析为逻辑起点,... 详细信息

在现代教师教育体系下,高水平综合性大学成为高层次师范人才培养的重要来源。高水平综合性大学开展教师教育是国际教师教育体系发展的趋势,也是我国教师教育深化改革的新时代要求。以我国综合性大学发展教师教育的政策分析为逻辑起点,结合国际比较研究深度剖析高水平综合性大学发展教师教育的挑战,研究发现,高水平综合性大学举办教师教育的体制机制尚未完善,在实践中存在学术性与师范性难以平衡、教师教育优势特色不明显、专职教师教育师资队伍建设受限等问题。为进一步丰富学术性与师范性融合的时代内涵,高水平综合性大学应发挥自身优势,发展以面向基础教育研究为取向的教师教育课程,联动优势学科形成交叉学科视域下教师教育的共同体,设立“临床教职”形成更为灵活的教师教育者人事制度。

关键词：综合性大学师范教育教师教育教师教育课程教师队伍建设

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