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Gastro-duodenal disease in Africa: Literature review and clinical data from Accra, Ghana

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第26期25卷 3344-3358页

作者： Timothy N Archampong Richard H Asmah Cathy J Richards Vicki J Martin Christopher D Bayliss Edília Botao leonor david Sandra Beleza Carla Carrilho Department of Medicine and Therapeutics School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of GhanaAccra Box 4236Ghana Department of Genetics and Genome Biology University of LeicesterLeicester LE1 7RHUnited Kingdom Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences School of Biomedical and Allied Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaAccra Box 4236Ghana Department of Histopathology Leicester Royal InfirmaryLeicester LE1 5WWUnited Kingdom Department of Pathology Maputo Central HospitalMaputo POBox 1164Mozambique Department of Pathology Medical Faculty of the University of PortoPorto 4200-465Portugal Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology at the University of Porto(Ipatimup) Porto 4200-465Portugal Instituto de Investigacao e Inovacao em Saude(i3S) University of PortoPorto 4200-465Portugal Department of Pathology Faculty of MedicineEduardo Mondlane UniversityMaputo POBox 257Mozambique

Gastroduodenal disease(GDD)was initially thought to be uncommon in *** others,lack of access to optimal health infrastructure and suspicion of conventional medicine resulted in the reported prevalence of GDD being significantly lower than that in other areas of the *** the increasing availability of flexible upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy,it has now become apparent that GDD,especially peptic ulcer disease(PUD),is prevalent across the continent of *** risk factors for gastric cancer(GCA)include Helicobater pylori(***),diet,Epstein-Barr virus infection and industrial chemical exposure,while those for PUD are ***,non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug(NSAID)-use,smoking and alcohol *** these,*** is generally accepted to be causally related to the development of atrophic gastritis(AG),intestinal metaplasia(IM),PUD and distal ***,we perform a systematic review of the patterns of GDD across Africa obtained with endoscopy,and complement the analysis with new data obtained on premalignant gastric his-topathological lesions in Accra,Ghana which was compared with previous data from Maputo,*** there is a general lack of structured cohort studies in Africa,we also considered endoscopy-based hospital or tertiary centre studies of symptomatic *** Africa,there is considerable heterogeneity in the prevalence of PUD with no clear geographical ***,there are differences in PUD within-country despite universally endemic *** *** is not uncommon in *** of the African tertiary-centre studies had higher prevalence of PUD when compared with similar studies in western *** additional intriguing observation is a recent,ongoing decline in PUD in some African countries where *** infection is still *** possible reason for the high,sustained prevalence of PUD may be the significant use of NSAIDs in local or over-the-counter *** prevalence

关键词： Gastroduodenal Peptic ulcer Gastric cancer Africa Pre-malignant Atrophy Intestinal metaplasia Duodenal ulcer Gastric ulcer

A comprehensive look at the psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology of spinal cord injury and its progression: mechanisms and clinical opportunities

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 228-267页

作者： Miguel A.Ortega Oscar Fraile-Martinez Cielo García-Montero Sergio Haro Miguel Ángel Álvarez-Mon Diego De Leon-Oliva Ana M.Gomez-Lahoz Jorge Monserrat Mar Atienza-Pérez david Díaz Elisa Lopez-Dolado Melchor Álvarez-Mon Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities University of Alcala28801 Alcala de HenaresSpain Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research(IRYCIS) 28034 MadridSpain Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor28031 MadridSpain Service of Rehabilitation National Hospital for Paraplegic PatientsCarr.de la PeraledaS/N45004 ToledoSpain Immune System Diseases‑Rheumatology Service and Internal Medicine University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias(CIBEREHD)28806 Alcala de HenaresSpain

Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a devastating and disabling medical condition generally caused by a traumatic event(primary injury).This initial trauma is accompanied by a set of biological mechanisms directed to ameliorate neural damage but also exacerbate initial damage(secondary injury).The alterations that occur in the spinal cord have not only local but also systemic consequences and virtually all organs and tissues of the body incur important changes after SCI,explaining the progression and detrimental consequences related to this ***(PNIE)is a growing area of research aiming to integrate and explore the interactions among the different systems that compose the human organism,considering the mind and the body as a *** initial traumatic event and the consequent neurological disruption trigger immune,endocrine,and multisystem dysfunction,which in turn affect the patient's psyche and *** the present review,we will explore the most important local and systemic consequences of SCI from a PNIE perspective,defining the changes occurring in each system and how all these mechanisms are ***,potential clinical approaches derived from this knowledge will also be collectively presented with the aim to develop integrative therapies to maximize the clinical management of these patients.

关键词： Spinal cord injury(SCI) Psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology(PNIE) Secondary injury Immunoinflammatory dysfunction Gut microbiota Translational opportunities

Immunomodulatory therapy for the management of critically ill patients with COVID-19:A narrative review

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2022年第4期11卷 269-297页

作者： david Andaluz-Ojeda Pablo Vidal-Cortes Álvaro Aparisi Sanz Borja Suberviola Lorena Del Río Carbajo leonor Nogales Martín Estefanía Prol Silva Jorge Nieto del Olmo JoséBarberán Ivan Cusacovich Department of Critical Care Hospital Universitario HM SanchinarroHospitales MadridMadrid 28050Spain Department of Intensive Care Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de OurenseOurense 32005Spain Department of Cardiology Hospital del MarBarcelona 08003Spain Department of Intensive Care Hospital Universitario Marqués de ValdecillaSantander 39008Spain Department of Intensive Care Hospital Clínico Universitario de ValladolidValladolid 47005Spain Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Universitario HM MontepríncipeHospitales MadridBoadilla del Monte 28860MadridSpain Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Clínico Universitario de ValladolidValladolid 47005Spain

BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is the causative agent of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** the physiological and immunological processes underlying the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 is vital for the identification and rational design of effective *** To describe the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with the immune system and the subsequent contribution of hyperinflammation and abnormal immune responses to disease progression together with a complete narrative review of the different immunoadjuvant treatments used so far in COVID-19 and their indication in severe and life-threatening *** A comprehensive literature search was *** reviewed the selected manuscripts following the PRISMA recommendations for systematic review and meta-analysis documents and selected the most ***,a recommendation of the use of each treatment was established based on the level of evidence of the articles and documents *** recommendation was made based on the consensus of all the *** A brief rationale on the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis,immune response,and inflammation was *** usefulness of 10 different families of treatments related to inflammation and immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 was reviewed and ***,based on the level of scientific evidence,a recommendation was established for each of *** Although several promising therapies exist,only the use of corticosteroids and tocilizumab(or sarilumab in absence of this)have demonstrated evidence enough to recommend its use in critically ill patients with *** including both,clinical and biological characteristics can constitute specific targets for better select certain therapies based on an individualized approach to treatment.

关键词： COVID-19 Critically ill patients Treatment Immunomodulary drugs Phenotype Immunosupression

Role of sex on psychological distress,quality of life,and coping of patients with advanced colorectal and non-colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第10期14卷 2025-2037页

作者： Vilma Pacheco-Barcia david Gomez Berta Obispo Luka Mihic Gongora Raquel Hernandez San Gil Patricia Cruz-Castellanos Mireia Gil-Raga Vicente Villalba Ismael Ghanem Paula Jimenez-Fonseca Caterina Calderon Department of Medical Oncology School of MedicineAlcala University(UAH)Hospital Central de la Defensa Gómez UllaMadrid 28047Spain Department of Medical Oncology Hospital Universitario de NavarraPamplona 31008Spain Department of Medical Oncology Hospital Universitario Infanta LeonorMadrid 28031Spain Department of Medical Oncology Hospital Universitario Central de AsturiasOviedo 33011Spain Department of Medical Oncology Hospital Universitario de CanariasTenerife 38320Spain Department of Medical Oncology Hospital Universitario La PazMadrid 28046Spain Department of Medical Oncology Hospital General Universitario de ValenciaCIBERONCValencia 46014Spain Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology Faculty of PsychologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelona 08007Spain Department of Medical Oncology Hospital Universitario Central de AsturiasISPAOviedo 33007Spain Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology University of BarcelonaBarcelona 08007Spain

BACKGROUNDPatients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer must cope with the negative effects of cancer and *** To evaluate psychological distress,quality of life,and coping strategies in patients with advanced colorectal cancer compared to non-colorectal cancer based on *** A prospective,transversal,multicenter study was conducted in 203 patients;101(50%)had a colorectal and 102(50%)had digestive,non-colorectal advanced *** completed questionnaires evaluating psychological distress(Brief Symptom Inventory-18),quality of life(EORTC QLQ-C30),and coping strategies(Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer)before starting systemic cancer *** The study included 42.4%*** exhibited more depressive symptoms,anxiety,functional limitations,and anxious preoccupation than *** with non-colorectal digestive cancer and women showed more somatization and physical symptoms than subjects with colorectal cancer and *** with colorectal cancer reported the best health *** The degree of disease acceptance in gastrointestinal malignancies may depend on sex and location of the primary digestive *** interventions should specifically address sex and tumor site differences in individuals with advanced digestive cancer.

关键词： Anxiety Colorectal cancer Depression Gastrointestinal cancer Sex