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Effect of proteases on water-soluble and fat-soluble aroma precursors of goat visceras protein hydrolysate

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 975-985页

作者： Ana Rita Ribeiro de Araújo Cordeiro Lorena Lucena de Medeiros Lary de Souza Olegário leila Moreira de carvalho Taliana Kenia Alencar Bezerra Maria Teresa Bertoldo Pacheco Mércia de Sousa Galvão Marta Suely Madruga Post Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology Department of Food EngineeringTechnology CentreFederal University of ParaibaCampus I58051-900João PessoaParaíbaBrazil Food Technology Institute (ITAL).Science and Food Quality Center 13070-179CampinasSão PauloBrazil

This study investigated the action of proteolytic enzymes in the production of goat viscera hydrolysates,and their flavoring *** study focus the production of flavor precursor molecules and the formation of volatile compounds resulting from four hydrolysis treatments:HA-Alcalase®,HF-Flavourzyme®,HN-Neutrase®,and HFN-Flavourzyme® and Neutrase®.The highest degree of hydrolysis (26.74%),number (23 volatiles) and concentration of volatile compounds (274.0 μg/L) were obtained with the action of *** main classes of volatile compounds identified in hydrolysates included acids,aldehydes,pyrazines,terpenes and Streacker *** acids,sugars and fatty acids were identified with higher concentrations in HF and HFN hydrolysates due to the low participation of these precursors in the formation of volatile ***,the use of Alcalase in the proteolysis of goat viscera stood out compared to other enzymes,providing impacting aroma compounds,such as pyrazines,for meat flavor.

关键词： Aroma precursors Flavoring Goat byproducts Proteases Enzymatic hydrolysates Volatile compounds

Mechanisms associated with winter intraseasonal extreme sea ice extent in the Weddell Sea

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Advances in Polar Science 2017年第3期28卷 171-184页

作者： Fabio Ullmann Furtado de LIMA leila M.V.carvalho Centro de Ensino Superior da Foz do Itajaí-Univ. do Estado de Santa Catarina (UdeSC) dept.of Geography and Earth Research Institute University of California Santa Barbara

Previous studies have shown evidence of atmospheric extratropical wave trains modulating sea ice area in the Weddell and Amundsen/Bellingshausen seas on intraseasonal time-scales(20–100 d). Here we investigate mechanisms relating intraseasonal extreme sea ice extent and Ekman layer dynamics with emphasis on the Weddell Sea. This study extends from 1989 to 2013 and focuses on the winter season. Wind stress τ is calculated with winds from the Climate Forecast System reanalysis(CFSR) to evaluate momentum transfer between the atmosphere and the Ekman layer. Lag-composites of the anomalies of Ekman transport and the Ekman pumping indicate that divergence of mass in the Ekman layer and upwelling lead the occurrence of extreme sea ice contraction on intraseasonal time-scales in the Weddell Sea. Opposite conditions(i.e., convergence of the mass and downwelling) lead extreme sea ice expansion on intraseasonal time-scales. This study suggests that the Ekman pumping resulting from the anomalous wind stress on intraseasonal time-scales can transport these warmer waters to the surface contributing to sea ice melting. Additionally, high resolution sea ice fraction and ocean currents obtained from satellite and in situ data are used to investigate in detail mechanisms associated with persistent extreme sea ice expansion and contraction on intraseasonal time-scales. These case studies reveal that atmospheric circumpolar waves on intraseasonal time-scales can induce contrasting anomalies of about ±20% in sea ice concentration at the Weddell and western Antarctica Peninsula margins within less than 30 d. This study shows that extreme anomalies in sea ice may lag between 5–25 d(1–5 pentads) the ocean-atmospheric forcing on intraseasonal time-scales.

关键词： sea ice extent intraseasonal time-scales Ekman layer dynamics

MJO Modulation of Station Rainfall in the Semiarid Serido,Northeast Brazil

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2015年第4期5卷 408-417页

作者： Cati E.A.Valadao Paulo S.Lucio Rosane R.Chaves leila M.V.carvalho Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias Climaticas Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do NorteNatalBrazil Earth Research Institute and department of Geography University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraUSA

The influence of the Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) on station rainfall over the Seridó region of Rio Grande do Norte state, Northeast Brazil is examined based on 17 raingauge daily data over 30-year period (1 January-31 december, 1981-2010). The Seridó is one of the driest regions in Northeast Brazil and is recognized as particularly vulnerable to desertification by the United Nations Convention to Combat desertification. Firstly, daily anomalies were calculated by removing the 30-year daily climatology. Then, to distinguish the MJO signal from other patterns of climate variability, the daily anomalies were band pass filtered in the frequency domain (20 - 90 days) by applying Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). Composites of rainfall anomalies were computed for each of the eight phases of the MJO during February-May (FMAM) rainy season, based on the Jones-carvalho MJO index. Only days classified as MJO events were considered in the composites. For each phase composite, statistical significance tests were computed independently at each individual station by applying a two-tailed Student’s t-test at 5% significance level. Preliminary results showed that the rainfall anomalies have a spatial coherence throughout the MJO cycle. Extreme positive (negative) anomalies occurred in phase 2 (phase 5), where 13 (12) out of the 17 stations showed statistically significant anomalies in the range of 0.9 - 1.9 mm/day (0.8 - 1.7 mm/day). The typical difference between the wet MJO phase 2 and dry phase 5 represented at least 50% modulation of the daily mean rainfall.

关键词： Madden-Julian Oscillation Intraseasonal Raingauge

Breast Cancer Risk Genes-Association Analysis in More than 113,000 Women

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四川生理科学杂志 2021年第1期43卷 7-7页

作者： leila Dorling The authors' affiliations are as follows: the Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology Departments of Public Health and Primary Care (L.D. S. Carvalho J.A. K.A.P. Q.W. M.K.B. J.D. B.D. N. Mavaddat K. Michailidou A.C.A. P.D.P.P. D.F.E.) and Oncology (C.L. P.A.H. C. Baynes D.M.C. L.F. V.R. M. Shah P.D.P.P. A.M.D. D.F.E.) University of Cambridge Cambridge the Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine (A. Campbell D.J.P.) and the Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology Department of Psychology (D.J.P.) University of Edinburgh the Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre (D.A.C. J.F.) and the Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics University of Edinburgh Medical School (A. Campbell J.F.) Edinburgh the Divisions of Informatics Imaging and Data Sciences (E.F.H.) Cancer Sciences (A. Howell) Population Health Health Services Research and Primary Care (A. Lophatananon K. Muir) and Evolution and Genomic Sciences School of Biological Sciences (W.G.N. E.M.V. D.G.E.) University of Manchester the NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Unit (E.F.H.) and the Nightingale Breast Screening Centre Wythenshawe Hospital (E.F.H. H.I.) Academic Health Science Centre and North West Genomics Laboratory Hub and the Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine St. Mary's Hospital Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (W.G.N. E.M.V. D.G.E.) Manchester the School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences Comprehensive Cancer Centre Guy's Campus King's College London London (E.J.S.) the Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham (I.T.) and the Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University of Oxford Oxford (I.T.) - all in the United Kingdom the Human Genotyping-CEGEN Unit Human Cancer Genetic Program (A.G.-N. M.R.A. N.Á. B.H. R.N.-T.) and the Human Genetics Group (V.F. A.O. J.B.) Spanish National Cancer Research

Background:Genetic testing for breast cancer susceptibility is widely used,but for many genes,evidence of an association with breast cancer is weak,underlying risk estimates are imprecise,and reliable subtype-specific risk estimates are ***:We used a panel of 34 putative susceptibility genes to perform sequencing on samples from 60,466 women with breast cancer and 53,461 *** separate analyses for protein-truncating variants and rare missense variants in these genes,we estimated odds ratios for breast cancer overall and tumor *** evaluated missense-variant associations according to domain and classification of pathogenicity.

关键词： cancer Breast Cancer