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Building scientific literacy in China： achievements and prospects

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Science Bulletin 2016年第11期61卷 871-874页

作者： Hongbin Gao Wei He Chao Zhang lei ren China Research Institute for Science Popularization Beijing 100081 China

Scientific literacy is an important part of a population’s comprehensive *** improvement in citizens’scientific literacy is not only an intrinsic demand in the construction of an innovation-driven country,but also a... 详细信息

关键词：科学素养中国建筑展望组成部分综合素质创新人才基础工程科学素质

A self-powered solar-blind UV-enhanced Bi_(2)Se_(3)/a-Ga_(2)O_(3)/p-Si heterojunction photodetector for full spectral photoresponse and imaging

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2960-2970页

作者： Yajie Han Shujie Jiao Jiangcheng Jing lei Chen Ping Rong Shuai ren Dongbo Wang Shiyong Gao Jinzhong Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Self-powered full-spectrum photodetectors(PDs)offer numerous advantages,such as broad application fields,high precision,efficiency,and multi-functionality,which represent a highly promising and potentially valuable class of detectors for future ***,insensitive response to solar-blind ultraviolet(UV)and complex and expensive preparation processes greatly limit their performance and practical *** this study,a self-powered full-spectrum Bi_(2)Se_(3)/a-Ga_(2)O_(3)/p-Si heterojunction PD with high sensitivity for solar-blind UV band prepared by a simple and low-cost two-step synthesis method is *** results reveal that the developed PD has an excellent performance,such as high sensitivity from 200 to 850 nm,and a responsivity of 1.38 mA/W as well as a detectivity of 3.22×10^(10) Jones under 254 nm light at zero ***,the unencapsulated device displays exceptional stability and imaging *** is expected that Bi_(2)Se_(3)/a-Ga_(2)O_(3)/p-Si heterojunction PD with a simple and low-cost synthesis method has great potential for self-powered full-spectrum photodetectors.

关键词： Bi_(2)Se_(3)/a-Ga_(2)O_(3)/p-Si self-powered photodetector full spectral photoresponse imaging

Triple-synergistic MOF-nanozyme for efficient antibacterial treatment

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第11期7卷 289-299页

作者： Muxue Wang Xi Zhou Yunhong Li Yuqing Dong Jiashen Meng Shuai Zhang Linbo Xia Zhaozhi He lei ren Zhiwei Chen Xingcai Zhang Department of Electronic Science Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance ResearchSchool of Electronic Science and EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005People’s Republic of China The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Fujian Province Research Center of Biomedical Engineering of XiamenDepartment of BiomaterialsCollege of MaterialsXiamen UniversityXiamen361005People’s Republic of China John A Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA02138USA School of Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA

The abuse of antibiotics makes bacterial infection an increasingly serious global health threat. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the ideal alternative antibacterial approach for quick and effective sterilization. Although various antibacterial strategies based on ROS have been developed, many of them are still limited by insufficient antibacterial efficiency. Here, we have developed an acid-enhanced dual-modal antibacterial strategy based on zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 (ZIF8) -derived nanozyme. ZIF8, which can release Zn2+, is chosen as the carrier to integrate glucose oxidase (GOx) and gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) which can produce ROS via a cascade catalytic reaction. Thus, the bactericidal capability of ROS and Zn2+ have been integrated. More importantly, gluconic acid, a “by-product” of the catalytic reaction, can generate an acidic environment to promote both the ROS-producing and Zn2+-releasing, enhancing the overall antibacterial performance further. This triple-synergistic strategy exhibits extraordinary bactericidal ability at a low dosage of 4 μg/mL (for S. aureus) and 8 μg/mL (for E. coli), which shows a great potential of MOF-derived nanozyme for efficient bacterial eradication and diverse biomedical applications.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks Nanozyme Reactive oxygen species Antibacterial Zinc ion

中医药院校物理化学实验课程的混合式教学改革

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中国中医药现代远程教育 2024年第12期22卷 41-44页

作者：张文龙任蕾贾瑞龙温建英张韶红王颖莉山西中医药大学中药与食品工程学院山西晋中030619

文章介绍了山西中医药大学对物理化学实验课程的教学模式的改革与措施,形成了包括课前预习、课中导学及课后思学的线上线下混合式教学模式,同时构建了一种覆盖整个教学流程的考核体系,最后对混合式教学模式的效果进行了分析。实践表明,... 详细信息

文章介绍了山西中医药大学对物理化学实验课程的教学模式的改革与措施,形成了包括课前预习、课中导学及课后思学的线上线下混合式教学模式,同时构建了一种覆盖整个教学流程的考核体系,最后对混合式教学模式的效果进行了分析。实践表明,混合式教学模式充分调动了学生学习的主动性,增加了师生之间的交流互动,取得了良好的教学效果。该模式的构建不仅为后续物理化学精品课程的打造奠定了基础,而且对于相关课程的教学与课程建设有一定的借鉴意义。

关键词：物理化学实验混合式教学教学质量教学改革

Evolution of inclusions in vacuum induction melting of superalloys containing 70%return material

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第3期31卷 719-728页

作者： Jin-guo Gao Shu-lei Yang Shu-feng Yang Jing-she Li Wei Liu Meng-jing Zhao An-ren Wang School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Metallurgical and Building Materials Business Department China International Engineering Consulting CorporationBeijing 100048China

The variation law of inclusions type and size in the vacuum induction melting process and ingot of Ni-based superalloy containing 70%return material was studied by industrial test sampling,and the mechanism of inclusions formation was analyzed with thermodynamic *** results show that there are mainly two types of composite inclusions in the vacuum induction melting of Ni-based superalloys,which are nitride-and oxide-based composite inclusions,like Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)-Cr_(2)O_(3),TiN-(Mo,Nb)C,*** type and proportion of inclusions from the center to the edge of the vacuum induction ingot did not change *** number density of inclusions from the center to the edge of the ingot varied less,and the size of inclusions became smaller from the center to the *** addition,thermodynamic calculations show that oxides(M_(2)O_(3))are present in the liquid phase and mainly contain Al,Ti,Cr,Fe and O *** nitride consists mainly of Ti and N and contains small amounts of Cr,C,Nb,and Mo *** is consistent with the results of industrial *** the temperature decreases,the precipitation phases such as M_(2)O_(3),MN,γ,MC,δ,γ'andμphases are gradually precipitated,where oxides and nitrides are present in the liquid *** contents of O and N elements are the main influencing factors for the inclusions content and precipitation temperature;when the nitrogen content is reduced to below 0.0015%,it can make MN precipitate below the liquid-phase line.

关键词： Ni-based superalloy Vacuum induction melting Return material Inclusion Thermodynamic

The response and anti-stress mechanisms of nitrifying sludge under long-term exposure to Cd Se quantum dots

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 174-184页

作者： Linkai Guo lei Yang Yongxiang ren Shen Cui Xiaotong Li Jia Wang Jun Lan Haoqi Lu Yuchao Wang Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource Environment and EcologyMinistry of EducationXi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China

The wide application of CdSe quantum dots(QDs)increases its stress risk to sewage treatment *** study evaluated the response of nitrification performance,floc characteristics and microbial community of nitrifying sludge under long-term exposure to CdSe *** showed CdSe QDs(≥1 mg/L)would decrease the activity of ammonia monooxygenase(AMO).Under the stress of 30 mg/L CdSe QDs,the activity of AMO was reduced by 66%,while the activities of hydroxylamine oxidase and nitrite oxidoreductase were enhanced by 19.1%and 26%,***,the final nitrification effects were not adversely affected,and the production rates of NO_(2)^(-)-N and NO_(3)^(-)-N were ***,CdSe QDs improved biomass concentration in sludge and maintained the stability of sludge *** throughput sequencing analysis showed that CdSe QDs evidently reduced the abundance and diversity of microbial community in nitrifying *** abundances of amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism were ***,CdSe QDs decreased the fluorescence intensity of tryptophan-like protein from 2,326 to 1,179 *** loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances(EPSs)and from 3,792 to 3,117 *** tightly bound *** relieve CdSe QD stress,the polysaccharide content increased from0.31 to 0.61 mg/g MLSS and intracellular antioxidant defense was *** CdSe QD level increasing to 30 mg/L,the total antioxygenic capacity and the activities of catalase were enhanced up to 411%and 143.2%,***,CdSe QDs had little adverse effects on cell membrane integrity,microbial metabolism and the abundance of Nitrospirae.

关键词： Quantum dots Activated sludge Extracellular polymeric substances Microbial community Antioxidant effect

Development of Medical Lasers for Treatment on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

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Chinese Medical Journal 2018年第18期131卷 2265-2268页

作者： Xiao-lei ren Hai-Bo Xia Department of Urology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng College Chifeng Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 024000 China

Benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） is one of the most common causes of lower urinary tract symptoms in aged males. Many patients with BPH may go on to require surgical intervention. At present, transurethral resection of the prostate （TURP） is the gold standard for BPH treatment owing to its minimal damage, low cost, and long-term efficacy. However, many complications associated with TURP represent major drawbacks of this procedure. These complications include hemorrhage, perforation of the prostatic capsule, urinary incontinence, retrograde ejaculation, urethral stricture, bladder neck spasm.

关键词： HOLMIUM LASER TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION PHOTOSELECTIVE VAPORIZATION ENUCLEATION SAFETY PHOTOVAPORIZATION EFFICACY OUTCOMES HOLEP VAPOENUCLEATION

Black holes as the source of dark energy:A stringent test with high-redshift JWST AGNs

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 181-188页

作者： lei lei lei Zu Guan-Wen Yuan Zhao-Qiang Shen Yi-Ying Wang Yuan-Zhu Wang Zhen-Bo Su Wen-Ke ren Shao-Peng Tang Hao Zhou Chi Zhang Zhi-Ping Jin lei Feng Yi-Zhong Fan Da-Ming Wei Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Key Laboratory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology Department of AstronomyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Studies have proposed that there is evidence for cosmological coupling of black holes(BHs)with an index of k≈3;hence,BHs serve as the astrophysical source of dark ***,the data sample is limited for the redshifts of≤*** recent years,the James Webb Space Telescope(JWST)has detected many high-redshift active galactic nuclei(AGNs)and *** the JWST NIRSpec-/NIRCam-resolved AGNs,three are determined to be in early-type host galaxies with a redshift of z~***,their M_(*)and MBH are in tension with the predicted cosmological coupling of black holes with k=3 at a confidence level of~2σ,which challenges the hypothesis that BHs serve as the origin of dark *** work on high-redshift AGNs using the JWST will further assess such a hypothesis by identifying more early-type host galaxies in the higher mass range.

关键词： dark energy supermassive black hole active galactic nuclei James Webb Space Telescope

4D printing of PLA/PCL shape memory composites with controllable sequential deformation

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2021年第4期4卷 867-878页

作者： Suqian Ma Zeyu Jiang Meng Wang Lan Zhang Yunhong Liang Zhihui Zhang lei ren Luquan ren The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun 130025China Department of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK

Shape memory polymers(SMPs)are a promising class of materials for biomedical applications due to their favorable mechanical properties,fast response,and good ***,it is difficult to achieve controllable sequential shape change for most SMPs due to their high deformation temperature and the simplex deformation ***,shape memory composites based on polylactic acid(PLA)matrix and semi-crystalline linear polymer polycaprolactone(PCL)are fabricated using 4D printing *** with pure PLA,with the rise of PCL content,the 4D-printed PLA/PCL composites show decreased glass transition temperature(Tg)from 67.2 to 55.2°*** the precise control of the deformation condition,controllable sequential deformation with an outstanding shape memory effect can be achieved for the PLA/PCL shape memory *** response time of shape recovery is less than 1.2 s,and the shape fixation/recov-ery rates are above 92%.In order to simulate sequential petal opening and sequential drug releasing effects,a double-layer bionic flower and a drug release device,respectively,are presented by assembling PLA/PCL samples with different PLA/PCL *** results indicate the potential applications of 4D-printed PLA/PCL composites in the field of bio-inspired robotics and biomedical devices.

关键词： 4D printing Shape memory polymer Temperature-responsive Polylactic acid Polycaprolactone