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Species diversification and phylogeographical patterns of birds in response to the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and quaternary glaciations

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Current Zoology 2014年第2期60卷 149-161页

作者： Fumin lei Yanhua qu Gang SONG Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101China

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau （QTP） is well known for being of great importance in the evolution of montane species due to its unique geological history and landform configuration, climate complexity, and diversified habitats. The effect of environmental changes since the quaternary on species diversification, population genetic structure, and demography under environmental change can be studied using phylogenetic and phylogeographieal approaches. Birds are the most well-studied group of all terrestrial vertebrates with regard to their response to climatic changes over time. Herein, we briefly review the species diversification of birds in response to the uplift of the QTP, focusing on summarizing the different phylogeographical patterns of birds on the Plateau, its southeastern margin, and the Eastern Himalayas and the reasons underlying these patterns. Speciation was found to be closely related to the uplift of the QTP, with different patterns of intraspecific processes：（1） no divergence within a single refuge was identified in a restricted semi-continuous area of the eastern margin of the Plateau; （2） two divergent lineages with separated refugia were located at the south-eastern and north-eastern margins of the plateau; and （3） multiple divergent lineages within subregions were found in the Eastern Himalayas. Glacial movements and induced climate change are considered to be key factors in shaping these different patterns. The species distributed mainly in the heavily ice-covered platform regions of the Plateau experienced population expansion following the retreat of the extensive glaciations, whereas the species distributed on the ice-free edges of the plateau maintained their population size at a stable level. Demographic stresses on the edge species might have been mitigated by the milder climate in comparison to their platform-distributed counterparts. Various behavioral and ecological characteristics, including dispersal capacity, habitat preference, and eleva

关键词： Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Comparative phylogeography Bird Pleistocene glaciations

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陕北白绒山羊几种非常规饲料营养成分、体外发酵参数和酶活性研究

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动物营养学报 2025年第1期37卷 603-616页

作者：李陇平吴仪王旭辉杜媛媛曹萌霜李托屈雷李强榆林学院陕西省陕北绒山羊工程技术研究中心榆林719000 榆林学院生命科学学院榆林719000

本试验旨在通过研究几种非常规饲料营养成分、体外发酵参数和酶活性,筛选适宜陕北白绒山羊高效利用的非常规饲料资源。试验测定柳枝稷、菊芋秸秆、葵花头、沙打旺、马铃薯秧、花生秧、羊草和玉米秸秆的常规营养成分、相对饲用价值(RFV)... 详细信息

本试验旨在通过研究几种非常规饲料营养成分、体外发酵参数和酶活性,筛选适宜陕北白绒山羊高效利用的非常规饲料资源。试验测定柳枝稷、菊芋秸秆、葵花头、沙打旺、马铃薯秧、花生秧、羊草和玉米秸秆的常规营养成分、相对饲用价值(RFV)和有效能值,结合体外发酵产气试验,测定产气量、甲烷产量、发酵参数和发酵液酶活性等指标,进行综合营养价值评价。结果表明:1)葵花头和沙打旺粗蛋白质(CP)含量极显著高于其他6种饲料(P菊芋秸秆>沙打旺>柳枝稷>玉米秸秆>羊草>花生秧>马铃薯秧,花生秧和马铃薯秧甲烷产量极显著高于其他6种饲料(P<0.01)。5)菊芋秸秆发酵液pH极显著高于其他7种饲料(P<0.01);菊芋秸秆、马铃薯秧和葵花头发酵液氨态氮(NH 3-N)含量极显著高于其他5种饲料(P<0.01);花生秧、马铃薯秧和葵花头发酵液微生物蛋白(MCP)含量较高;花生秧、葵花头和菊芋秸秆发酵液乙酸含量较高;柳枝稷发酵液乙酸/丙酸值最低;葵花头发酵液总挥发性性脂肪酸含量最高。6)花生秧发酵液α-淀粉酶、葵花头发酵液胰蛋白酶、沙打旺发酵液纤维素酶以及菊芋秸秆发酵液果胶酶活性均分别显著高于其他7种饲料(P<0.05),柳枝稷、羊草、玉米秸秆和花生秧发酵液脂肪酶活性极显著高于其他4种饲料(P<0.01)。综上所述,葵花头、菊芋秸秆和沙打旺在陕北白绒山羊养殖中具有较高的利用价值。

关键词：陕北白绒山羊非常规饲料营养价值评价

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陕北白绒山羊体重预测数学模型的建立

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中国草食动物科学 2025年第1期45卷 101-106页

作者：靳盼豪田湘钰张磊罗国洋侯龙飞万鹏飞屈雷董书伟榆林学院生命科学学院靖边县畜牧服务中心榆林学院数学与统计学院榆林学院陕西省白绒山羊工程技术研究中心

体重是陕北白绒山羊生长发育和经济性状的关键指标。本研究拟分析陕北白绒山羊体重与不同体尺指标和年龄的相关性，从而建立体重预测数学模型，为陕北白绒山羊的选育提供便捷方法。选择健康、发育正常且达到体成熟的2～6岁陕北白绒山羊... 详细信息

体重是陕北白绒山羊生长发育和经济性状的关键指标。本研究拟分析陕北白绒山羊体重与不同体尺指标和年龄的相关性，从而建立体重预测数学模型，为陕北白绒山羊的选育提供便捷方法。选择健康、发育正常且达到体成熟的2～6岁陕北白绒山羊公羊12只、母羊570只，测定并统计其体高（X1）、体长（X2）、胸围（X3）、十字部高（X4）和管围（X5）5项体尺指标及年龄（X6）与体重（Y），利用Excel 2021和SPSS 27.0软件对体重和各体尺指标及年龄进行相关性分析、通径分析和逐步回归分析，建立和筛选最优的体重预测数学模型。结果表明，陕北白绒山羊成年公、母羊的体尺指标中，与体重相关系数最高的均是胸围（分别为0.817和0.857）；建立的陕北白绒山羊成年公羊体重预测的最优线性回归方程为Y=0.797X3-22.568（R2=0.667,P<0.01），成年母羊体重预测的最优线性回归方程为Y=0.665X2+0.674X3+0.078X4-72.850（R2=0.849,P<0.01）。综上，陕北白绒山羊成年公羊的胸围与体重密切相关，成年母羊的胸围、体长和十字部高与体重密切相关；建立的体重预测模型可应用于生产实践，通过体尺指标预测体重，为后期陕北白绒山羊的本品种选育提供了便捷方法。

关键词：陕北白绒山羊体重预测模型体尺相关性

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Effect of strain rate and temperature on the deformation behavior in a Ti-23.1Nb-2.0Zr-1.0O titanium alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第14期73卷 52-60页

作者： Yi Yang Di Xu Sheng Cao Songquan Wu Zhengwang Zhu Hao Wang lei Li Shewei Xin lei qu Aijun Huang School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Department of Materials University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUK Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research Xi'an 710016China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash UniversityClayton.VIC 3800Australia

The compression behavior of a Ti-23.1 Nb-2.0 Zr-1.00(at.%)alloy was investigated at strain rates from 0.1 s_(-1) to 1000 s_(-1) and temperatures from 100℃to 200℃on a Gleeble 3800 system and Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar(SHPB)compressive *** microscopy,electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD),Xray diffraction(XRD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)were employed to characterize the microstructure evolution during the *** deformation phenomena,including dislocation slip,twinning of both{332}{113)and{112}{111}modes,stress-inducedα"martensite(SIMα")and stress-inducedω(SIω)transformations,were *** preferred activation of twinning and SIωtransfo rmations was observed in the sample compressed at lower temperatures and/or higher strain *** underlying mechanism is that twinning and stress induced phase transfo rmations are attribute to higher stress concentrations atβgrain boundaries and additional energy supplied by a higher strain rate,as well as high stacking fault energy because of higher temperature.

关键词： Titanium alloy Plastic deformation Strain rate Temperature Microstructure

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Dynamic Optimization of Feedforward Automatic Gauge Control Based on Extended Kalman Filter

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2008年第2期15卷 39-42页

作者： YANG Bin-hu YANG Wei-dong CHEN Lian-gui qu lei School of Information Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Automatic gauge control is an essentially nonlinear process varying with time delay,and stochastically varying input and process noise always influence the target gauge control *** improve the control capability of feedforward automatic gauge control,Kalman filter was employed to filter the noise signal transferred from one stand to *** linearized matrix that the Kalman filter algorithm needed was concluded;thus,the feedforward automatic gauge control architecture was dynamically *** theoretical analyses and simulation show that the proposed algorithm is reasonable and effective.

关键词： automatic gauge control feedforward control extended Kalman filter

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Sky Blue and Yellow Cluster Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Asymmetric Cu_(4)l_(4) Nanocubes

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Research 2023年第1期2022卷 517-524页

作者： Nan Zhang lei qu Huan Hu Ran Huo Yushan Meng Chunbo Duan Jing Zhang Chunmiao Han Guohua Xie Hui Xu Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry(Ministry of Education)and School of Chemistry and Material Science Heilongjiang University74 Xuefu RoadHarbin 150080P.R.China Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials Department of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072P.R.China

Controllably optimizing excited-state characteristics is crucial for luminescent nanoclusters but remains a formidable ***,we report an effective"ligand-induced asymmetrization"strategy for constructing thermally activated delayed fluorescence-featured cubic Cu4l4 nanoclusters with asymmetric configurations,named[tBCzDBFDP]_(2)Cu_(4)l_(4) and[PTZDBFDP]_(2)Cu_(4)l_(4).Through changing 3,6-di-tert-butyl-carbazole(tBCz)to phenothiazine(PTZ)with a stronger electron-donating effect,emission color is tuned from greenish blue of[tBCzDBFDP]_(2)Cu_(4)l_(4) to yellow of[PTZDBFDP]_(2)Cu_(4)l_(4),as well as the triplet locally excited state of the former to the triplet charge transfer state of the ***-correlated spectroscopic investigation indicates that in terms of triplet quenching suppression,[tBCzDBFDP]_(2)Cu_(4)l_(4) is superior to[PTZDBFDP]_(2)Cu_(4)l_(4),in accord with the stabilities of their triplet locally excited state and triplet charge transfer *** a consequence,these asymmetric Cu4l4 nanocubes endowed their cluster light-emitting diodes with the external quantum efficiencies beyond 12%for sky blue and 8%for *** results suggest the significance and effectiveness of ligand engineering for optoelectronic nanoclusters.

关键词： excited asymmetric latter

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Evaluating serum CXCL12,sCD22,Lp-PLA2 levels and ratios as biomarkers for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 380-387页

作者： Zeng-Ling Liu Fei-Fei Hua lei qu Na Yan Hui-Fang Zhang Department of Neurology Dongying People's HospitalDongying 257000Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Grasping the underlying mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease(AD)is still a work in progress,and existing diagnostic techniques encounter various ***,the discovery of dependable biomarkers is essential for early detection,tracking the disease's advancement,and steering treatment *** To explore the diagnostic potential of serum CXCL12,sCD22,Lp-PLA2,and their ratios in AD,aiming to enhance early detection and inform targeted treatment *** The study was conducted in Dongying people's Hospital from January 2021 to December *** included 60 AD patients(AD group)and 60 healthy people(control group).Using a prospective case-control design,the levels of CXCL12,sCD22 and Lp-PLA2 and their ratios were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit in the diagnosis of *** differences between the two groups were analyzed by statistical methods,and the corresponding ratio was constructed to improve the specificity and sensitivity of *** Serum CXCL12 levels were higher in the AD group(47.2±8.5 ng/mL)than the control group(32.8±5.7 ng/mL,P<0.001),while sCD22 levels were lower(14.3±2.1 ng/mL vs 18.9±3.4 ng/mL,P<0.01).Lp-PLA2 levels were also higher in the AD group(112.5±20.6 ng/mL vs 89.7±15.2 ng/mL,P<0.05).Significant differences were noted in CXCL12/sCD22(3.3 vs 1.7,P<0.001)and Lp-PLA-2/sCD22 ratios(8.0 vs 5.2,P<0.05)between the *** operating characteristic analysis confirmed high sensitivity and specificity of these markers and their ratios in distinguishing AD,with area under the curves ranging from CONCLUSION Serum CXCL12 and Lp-PLA2 levels were significantly increased,while sCD22 were significantly decreased,as well as increases in the ratios of CXCL12/sCD22 and Lp-PLA2/sCD22,are closely related to the onset of *** biomarkers and their ratios can be used as potential diagnostic indicators for AD,providing an important clinical reference for early intervention and treatment.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Biomarkers CXCL12 sCD22 Lp-PLA2

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Recently developed strategies to restrain dendrite growth of Li metal anodes for rechargeable batteries

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Rare Metals 2020年第6期39卷 616-635页

作者： Kai-Chao Pu Xin Zhang Xiao-lei qu Jian-Jiang Hu Hai-Wen Li Ming-Xia Gao Hong-Ge Pan Yong-Feng Liu State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China Platform of Inter/Transdisciplinary Energy Research(Q-PIT) International Research Center for Hydrogen EnergyInternational Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research(I2CNER)Kyushu University744 MotookaNishi-kuFukuoka 819-0395Japan

Lithium metal has been regarded as one of the most promising anode materials for high-energy-density batteries due to its extremely high theoretical gravimetric capacity of 3860 mAh·g^-1 along with its low electrochemical potential of-3.04 ***,uncontrollable Li dendrite growth and repetitive destruction/formation of the solid electrolyte interphase layer lead to poor safety and low Coulombic efficiencies(CEs)for long-term utilization,which largely restricts the practical applications of lithium metal *** this review,we comprehensively summarized important progresses achieved to date in suppressing Li dendrite *** for protection of Li metal anodes include designing porous structured hosts,fabricating artificial solid electrolyte interface(SEI)layers,introducing electrolyte additives,using solid-state electrolytes and applying external *** protection of Li metal anodes can be achieved by regulating the stripping and deposition behaviours of Li ***,the challenges remaining for lithium metal battery systems and future perspectives for Li metal anodes in practical applications are outlined,which are expected to shed light on future research in this field.

关键词： Rechargeable batteries Anode materials Lithium metal Dendrite growth Coulombic efficiency

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EFFECT OF HOMOGENIZATION PROCESSING ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF Ti-34Al-2Mn ALLOY

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 1993年第4期3卷 50-55页

作者： lei,Changming qu,Xuanhui Huang,Baiyun Xiong,Xiang Powder Metallurgy Research Institute,Central South University of Technology,Changsha 410083,China

A γ-TiAl base alloy with the composition of Ti-34Al-2Mn（wt--%）was prepared by consum-able electrode arc-melting *** effect of homogenization processing following arc-melt-ing on its microstructure and mechanical properties was *** emphases were placedon the microstructural evolution during solidification and homogenization,and the relationship be-tween microstructure and *** has been determined that the samples annealed at 900℃for 20 h exhibit the best ductility compared with those treated at other temperatures up to 1100℃,and they have a mixed structure of equiaxed grain of γ-TiAl single phase and some prima-ry lamellar grains which include three types of interfaces,i.e.,α2/γ,/γ/γS,γ/γT,maintainingspecific orientaion relationships between both *** ductility improvement is believed to be as-sociated with existence of suitable amount of α2-Ti3Al phase and the refinement of grains ob-tained at 900℃.

关键词： Ti-34Al-2Mn Alloy homogenization microstructure properties

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多变量非线性厚度-活套系统的鲁棒逆控制

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控制理论与应用 2009年第5期26卷 562-566页

作者：曲蕾王京北京科技大学信息工程学院北京100083

针对典型的多变量、强耦合、不确定厚度-活套非线性系统,提出了一种基于逆系统理论的非线性解耦鲁棒控制策略.建立了厚度-活套非线性系统动态模型,应用该策略实现了厚度-活套系统的反馈线性化解耦,并针对伪线性系统的未建模动态和外界... 详细信息

针对典型的多变量、强耦合、不确定厚度-活套非线性系统,提出了一种基于逆系统理论的非线性解耦鲁棒控制策略.建立了厚度-活套非线性系统动态模型,应用该策略实现了厚度-活套系统的反馈线性化解耦,并针对伪线性系统的未建模动态和外界干扰推导了保证厚度系统鲁棒稳定性和鲁棒性能的约束条件,设计出抗干扰、鲁棒性强的反馈控制器.仿真效果表明鲁棒逆系统策略对厚度-活套多变量强耦合非线性系统控制的有效性.

关键词：厚度-活套非线性模型逆系统解耦控制鲁棒性

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