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Validity of Ultrasound in Patients with Acute Pelvic Pain Related to Suspected Ovarian Torsion

Surgical Science 2011年第6期2卷 326-330页

作者： leena mawaldi Charu Gupta Hanadi Bakhsh Maissa Saadeh Mostafa A. Abolfotouh King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC) King Saud Bin-Abdulaziz University for

Objective: Ultrasound has been proven to be useful in detecting underlying ovarian pathology. However, its role in the prediction of ovarian torsion has been controversial. The aim of the study was to assess the validity of ultrasound in the prediction of ovarian torsion in patients with acute pelvic pain related to clinically suspected ovarian torsion. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted at the Ob/Gyn department using a 10-year chart review of all female patients older than 11 years of age with highly suspected ovarian torsion who underwent clinical assessment and ultrasound prior to surgery (n = 62). The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound were determined by cross-tabulation of the ultrasound and surgical findings. Results: Of the suspected cases, 54 (87.1%) were confirmed to be cases of ovarian torsion by surgery. The majority of the cases were suggestive of ovarian torsion, which was indicated by clinical examination (77.4%), ultrasound (77.4%), or pathological examination (79%). Almost one-half of the cases (46.8%) showed a pain score >6;two-thirds (62.9%) presented with vomiting and/or nausea;and more than one-third (38.7%) presented with leukocytosis. The estimated sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound were 0.74 and 0.0, respectively. The positive predictive value was 0.83. Ultrasound was significantly associated with both clinical examination (p = 0.039) and pain score (p = 0.008). Conclusion: The diagnosis of ovarian torsion cannot be exclusively based on ultrasound. Both clinical and sonographical evaluation of acute pelvic pain should be considered for the diagnosis. A definitive diagnosis remains challenging.

关键词： Acute Pelvic Pain Ultrasound Ovarian Torsion

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Autophagy and mitophagy as potential therapeutic targets in diabetic heart condition:Harnessing the power of nanotheranostics

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2024年第3期19卷 79-101页

作者： Sagnik Nag Oishi Mitra Bhanu Maturi Simran Preet Kaur Ankita Saini Muskan Nama Soumik Roy Souvik Samanta leena Chacko Rohan Dutta Suresh Babu Sayana Vetriselvan Subramaniyan Jasvinder Singh Bhatti Ramesh Kandimalla Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences Monash University MalaysiaJalan Lagoon Selatan47500 Bandar SunwaySelangorMalaysia Department of Bio-Sciences School of Bio-Sciences&Technology(SBST)Vellore Institute of Technology(VIT)Tiruvalam RoadVellore 632014Tamil NaduIndia Department of Internal Medicine University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Department of Microbiology University of Delhi(South Campus)Benito Juarez RoadNew Delhi 110021India Department of Biotechnology Indian Institute of TechnologyHyderabad(IIT-H)SangareddyTelangana 502284India BioAnalytical Lab Meso Scale Discovery1601 Research BlvdRockvilleMDUSA Department of Pharmacology Government Medical CollegeSuryapetTelanganaIndia Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Nanotherapeutics Department of Human Genetics and Molecular MedicineSchool of Health SciencesCentral University of PunjabBathindaIndia Department of Biochemistry Kakatiya Medical CollegeWarangal 506007India

Autophagy and mitophagy pose unresolved challenges in understanding the pathology of diabetic heart condition(DHC),which encompasses a complex range of cardiovascular issues linked to diabetes and associated *** significant progress in reducing mortality rates from cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),heart failure remains a major cause of increased morbidity among diabetic *** cellular processes are essential for maintaining cellular balance and removing damaged or dysfunctional components,and their involvement in the development of diabetic heart disease makes them attractive targets for diagnosis and *** a variety of conventional diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are available,DHC continues to present a significant ***-of-care diagnostics,supported by nanobiosensing techniques,offer a promising alternative for these complex *** conventional medications have been widely used in DHC patients,they raise several concerns regarding various physiological *** medicine places great emphasis on the application of nanotechnology to target autophagy and mitophagy in DHC,offering a promising approach to deliver drugs beyond the limitations of traditional *** article aims to explore the potential connections between autophagy,mitophagy and DHC,while also discussing the promise of nanotechnology-based theranostic interventions that specifically target these molecular pathways.

关键词： Autophagy Diabetes Diabetic heart condition Mitophagy Nanotheranostics Nanomedicine

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Solar photocatalytic pathogenic disinfection:Fundamentals to state-of-the-art

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Water Science and Engineering 2023年第2期16卷 132-142页

作者： leena V.Bora Department of Chemical Engineering Institute of TechnologyNirma UniversitySarkhej-Gandhinagar HighwayAhmedabad 382481India

It is necessary to treat pathogen-infected water before its *** conventionally used treatment methods,solar photocatalysis has gained considerable momentum owing to its operational simplicity and capacity to use freely and abundantly available solar *** article systematically reviewed the disinfection of water with *** addressed the concerns of microbial infection of water and the fundamentals behind its treatment with *** presented an in-depth description of pathogenic deactivation with powerful reactive oxygen *** emphasis was given to process intensification as it is an attractive technique that provides multifunctionality and/or equipment *** reactor design regarding mobilised/immobilised photocatalysts and compound parabolic concentrators were ***,key parameters governing photoperformance,corresponding trade-offs,and the need for their optimisation were ***,this article is a single point of reference for researchers,environmentalists,and industrialists who address the ever-severing challenge of providing clean water whilst also maintaining energy sustainability.

关键词： Water Solar light Photocatalysis Pathogen E.coli Intensification Photoreactor Disinfection

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Examining the policy-practice gap-The issue of crop burning induced Particulate Matter pollution in Northwest India

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2020年第1期6卷 282-297,281页

作者： leena Ajit Kaushal Economics Management Development Institute GurgaonGurugramIndia

The study examine the efficacy of government policy interventions initiated since 2014 to curb FCRB in NW Indian states and the related air pollution in Delhi-NCR during *** regression analysis suggests an increase in PM2.5 of~69μg/m3/1000 surge in *** retrieved data suggest an overall declining trend of~1606 and~4308 fire counts per year across NW states during October-November *** monthly PM2.5 concentrations in New Delhi exhibits a decline of~2.18μg/m3 and~5.17μg/m3 per year over the same *** an overall increase of~17.6%rice productivity,a noted decrease in fire activity over the period is an encouraging move,likely a result of some control imposed by authorities on *** to a significant~35.5%rise in wheat productivity,data records rising trend in wheat residue burning activities in April(~1298/year)and May(~2402/year)but do not trigger extreme pollution due to difference in intensity of fires across harvesting seasons and relatively weak northwesterly wind ***,the overall high PM2.5 levels in October-November and April-May compared to NAAQS 24-hour average of 60μg/m3,disproves the overall efficacy of government policies to curb FCRB and related air pollution in IGP region.

关键词： Field crop residue burning(FCRB) emissions particulate matter mitigation India government interventions

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Nanotheranostics and its role in diagnosis, treatment and prevention of COVID-19

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2022年第2期16卷 55-69页

作者： Lipsa leena PANIGRAHI Banishree SAHOO Manoranjan ARAKHA Center for Biotechnology Siksha‘O’Anusandhan(Deemed to be University)Bhubaneswar 751003OdishaIndia

Microbe-related,especially viral-related pandemics have currently paralyzed the world and such pathogenesis is expected to rise in the upcoming *** tremendous efforts are being made to develop antiviral drugs,very limited progress has been made in this *** nanotheranostic approach can be a highly potential rescue to combat this ***(NPs)due to their high specificity and biofunctionalization ability could be utilized efficiently for prophylaxis,diagnosis and treatment against microbial *** this context,titanium oxide,silver,gold NPs,*** already been utilized against deadly viruses like influenza,Ebola,HIV,and *** discovery of sophisticated nanovaccines is under investigation and of prime importance to induce reproducible and strong immune responses against difficult *** review focuses on highlighting the role of various nano-domain materials such as metallic NPs,magnetic NPs,and quantum dots in the biomedical applications to combat the deadly microbial ***,it also discusses the nanovaccines those are already available for various microbial diseases or are in clinical ***,it gives a perspective on the various nanotechnologies presently employed for efficient diagnosis and therapy against disease causing microbial infections,and how advancement in this field can benefit the health sector remarkably.

关键词： nanotheranostics nanovaccine antimicrobial antiviral SARS-CoV-2

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Influence of emergent macrophyte (Phragmites australis) density on water turbulence and erosion of organic-rich sediment

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2013年第2期25卷 288-293页

作者： HORPPILA Jukka KAITARANTA Joni JOENSUU Laura NURMINEN leena Department of Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki

The effects of the emergent macrophyte Phragmites australis on water turbulence, bottom shear velocity and water turbidity were experimentally studied with the stem densities 0 stems/m2-100 stems/m2 and using organic-rich sediment. It is found that the maximum root-mean-square （rms） velocity and shear velocity decrease linearly with increasing stem density. By affecting the height of peak turbulence values, emergent plants can thus lower the frequency of sediment erosion events. Additionally, the slope of the rms turbulence increment decreases with increasing stem density. Thus, also the duration of strong turbulence is affected by the density of emergent macrophytes. The critical shear velocity for sediment resuspension is 0.0035 m/s-0.0055 rn/s and not affected by the stem density. In the absence of macrophytes, water flow causes a 6.3-fold increment in turbidity, but with macrophytes turbidity values remain lower. The experiments suggest that even relatively low densities of Phragmites can have substantial effects on water turbulence and consequently on water quality.

关键词： emergent macrophytes turbulence shear velocity resuspension turbidity

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Application of a littoral Baltic Sea resuspension model in a eutrophic lake-factors behind differences in the model performance

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2015年第2期30卷 100-106页

作者： Jukka Horppila Joni Kaitaranta leena Nurminen Department of Environmental Sciences University of Helsinki

The performance of a linear resuspension model developed in the Baltic Sea was studied in the conditions of a eutrophic Lake Kirkkoj(a|¨)rvi(southern Finland).The model predicts sediment resuspension rate using data on vegetation cover,wind and sediment quality as an *** the original model coefficients were used,the model resulted on average 1.8 fold overestimation of the resuspension rate in Kirkkoj(a|¨)*** was due to lower fetch and water depth,and less consolidated sediment of Kirkkoj(a|¨)rvi compared with the Baltic Sea study *** coefficients were adjusted for Kirkkoj(a|¨)rvi,the model predictions were 1.1 times the measured *** to the continuous resuspension,the effect of the wind term in the model was so low that it could be excluded without affecting the accuracy of model *** study demonstrated that in a shallow eutrophic lake accurate predictions on resuspension rate can be made using only data on sediment quality and on factors inhibiting resuspension(macrophytes).The model residuals increased with increasing resuspension rate and high rates of resuspension were underestimated by the *** to the fluffy sediment in Kirkkoj(a|¨)rvi,erosion of sediment increases more than linear with increasing shear *** in such conditions,even better predictions could be achieved by a non-linear resuspension model.

关键词： Linear model Sediment resuspension Macrophytes Wind Sediment quality

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Magnetic nanoparticles for environmental and biomedical applications： A review

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Particuology 2017年第1期15卷 1-14页

作者： leena Mohammed Hassan G.Gomaa Doaa Ragab Jesse Zhu Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Department Western UniversityLondonOntario N6A 5B9Canada

Engineered magnetic nanoparticles （MNPs） hold great potential in environmental, biomedical, and clin- ical applications owing to their many unique properties. This contribution provides an overview of iron oxide MNPs used in environmental, biomedical, and clinical fields. The first part discusses the use of MNPs for environmental purposes, such as contaminant removal, remediation, and water treatment, with a focus on the use of zero-valent iron, magnetite （Fe304）, and maghemite （~,-Fe203） nanoparticles, either alone or incorporated onto membrane materials. The second part of this review elaborates on the use of MNPs in the biomedical and clinical fields with particular attention to the application of superparamag- netic iron oxide nanoparticles （SP1ONs）, which have gained research focus recently owing to their many desirable features such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, ease of synthesis and absence of hysteresis. The properties of MNPs and their ability to work at both cellular and molecular levels have allowed their application in vitro and in vivo including drug delivery, hyperthermia treatment, radio-therapeutics, gene delivery, and biotherapeutics. Physiochemical properties such as size, shape, and surface and magnetic properties as well as agglomeration of MNPs and methods to enhance their stability are also discussed.

关键词： Magnetic nanoparticle Water treatment SPION Biomedical application

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Effects of the viability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on rotavirus infection in neonatal rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第41期18卷 5925-5931页

作者： Hanna Ventola Liisa Lehtoranta Mari Madetoja Marja-leena Simonen-Tikka leena Maunula Merja Roivainen Riitta Korpela Reetta Holma Institute of Biomedicine PharmacologyUniversity of HelsinkiFI-00014 HelsinkiFinland Toxis Ltd Oy Lemmink isenkatu 14-18 CFI-20520 TurkuFinland Intestinal Viruses Unit National Institute for Health and WelfareFI-00271 HelsinkiFinland Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health University of HelsinkiFI-00014 HelsinkiFinland

AIM:To study the effects of live and dead Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG(GG) on rotavirus infection in a neonatal rat ***:At the age of 2 d,suckling Lewis rat pups were supplemented with either live or dead GG and the treatment was continued daily throughout the *** the age of 5 and 6 d the pups received oral rotavirus(RV) SA-11 *** pups were sacrificed at the age of 7 or 8 d by *** gastrointestinal tract was removed and macroscopic observations were *** consistency of feces in the colon was classified using a four-tier *** was detected from the plasma,small intestine,colon and feces by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR).RESULTS:In this neonatal rat model,RV induced a mild-to-moderate diarrhea in all except one pup of the RV-inoculated *** moderately reduced body weight development from day 6 *** day 7,after 2 d of RV infection,live and dead GG groups gained significantly more weight than the RV group without probiotics [36%(P = 0.001) and 28%(P = 0.031),respectively].In addition,when compared with the RV control group,both live and dead GG reduced the weight ratio of colon/animal body weight to the same level as in the healthy control group,with reductions of 22%(P = 0.002) and 28%(P < 0.001),*** increased moderately in both GG ***,the diarrhea incidence and severity in the GG groups were not statistically significantly different as compared with the RV control ***,observed diarrhea did not provoke weight loss or *** RV control group had the largest amount of RV PCR-positive samples among the RV-infected groups,and the live GG group had the smallest *** receiving live GG had significantly less RV in the colon(P = 0.027) when compared with the RV control *** GG was also more effective over dead GG in reducing the quantity of RV from plasma(P = 0.047).CONCLUSION:Both live and dead GG have beneficial effects in RV *** may

关键词： Diarrhea lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Neonatal rat Rotavirus Viability

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Repeated exposure of fluazinam fungicides affects gene expression profiles yet carries no costs on a nontarget pest

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Insect Science 2022年第5期29卷 1373-1386页

作者： Shahed Saifullah Aigi Margus Maaria Kankare leena Lindström Department of Biological and Environmental Science University of JyväskyläJyväskyläFinland

Fungicides are used to control pathogenic fungi of crop species,but they have also been shown to alter behavioral,life history and fitness related traits of nontarget ***,we tested the fungicide effects on feeding behavior,survival and physiology of the nontarget pest insect,the Colorado potato beetle(CPB)(Leptinotarsa decemlineata).Feeding behavior was studied by a choice test of adult beetles,which were allowed to choose between a control and a fungicide(fluazinam)treated potato *** survival was recorded after 24 and 72 h exposure to control and fungicide-treated leaves with 2 different *** adults did not show fungicide avoidance ***,survival of the larvae was not affected by the exposure to ***,to understand the effects of fungicides at the physiological level(gene expression),we tested whether the larval exposure to fungicide alter the expression of 5 metabolic pathway and stress associated *** concentration and 72-h exposure caused upregulation of 1 cytochrome P450(CYP9Z14v2)and 1 insecticide resistance gene(Ldace1),whereas metabolic detoxification gene(Ugt1)was *** 24-h exposure,highest concentration caused downregulation of another common detoxification gene(Gs),while both exposure times to lowest concentration caused upregulation of the Hsp70 stress tolerance *** these overall effects,there was a considerable amount of variation among different families in the gene expression *** though the behavioral effects of the fungicide treatments were minor,the expression level differences of the studied genes indicate changes on the metabolic detoxifications and stress-related pathways.

关键词： behavior fluazinam gene expression Leptinotarsa decemlineata metabolic detoxification nontarget animal

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